Thermos bottles are daily necessities, with bamboo sticks, iron sheets and plastic shells outside and bottles inside. The bottle liner is made of double glass. Both sides of the interlayer are plated with silver, aluminum, copper and other metals, and the middle is vacuumized. The bottle mouth has a plug, which can keep the temperature in the bottle for a long time. Hot water is usually called thermos; Cold food is often called an ice bottle.

It consists of two glass bottles inside and outside. They are connected into a whole at the bottle mouth, the gap between the two bottle walls is vacuumed to weaken thermal convection, and the surface of the glass bottle wall is plated with bright silver film to reflect infrared radiation. When the temperature in the bottle is high, the heat energy of the contents does not radiate outward; When the temperature in the bottle is low, the heat energy outside the bottle will not radiate into the bottle, and the thermos bottle effectively controls three heat transfer modes: conduction, thermal convection and radiation.

Historical origin

According to research, the earliest thermos in China appeared in the late Northern Song Dynasty. This thermos bottle is also called "thermos bottle". In the catering industry of the Song Dynasty, it has become an independent business for vendors to "sell tea with bottles" on winter nights. The "bottles" they use are thermal thermos bottles. For example, Cai Xiang said in the Book of Tea, "If you want to order tea, you must first? If it is hot, the tea will not float when it is cold. "

In Song Dynasty, the thermos bottle was made of glass and wrapped with mercury. Its basic style is: wide mouth, long neck, long belly, bottle mouth with an open bottle cap and a handle, which is not much different from modern ones. It is said that the emperor also gave this warm water vessel to the married princess, which shows that using thermos bottles has become the fashion of the society at that time.

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