Analysis of College Students' Entrepreneurial Problems and Discussion on Entrepreneurial Services
(A) Analysis of entrepreneurial problems of college students
1 The personal ability of entrepreneurial students still exists.
College student entrepreneurs do not have the necessary conditions for starting a business, and the way to acquire relevant knowledge and ability is nothing more than classroom teaching and some social practice limited to schools. Compared with the complex entrepreneurial environment, the acquisition of this information is not enough to meet the needs of entrepreneurship. For college students who have not chosen to start a business, statistics show that nearly half of the respondents are "lack of their own ability", accounting for 49.98%, which fully shows that their own ability is the primary obstacle to university entrepreneurship.
2. The sustainable development of entrepreneurial projects is outstanding.
At present, the selection threshold of college students' entrepreneurial projects is relatively low, and the content of scientific and technological knowledge is not high. Advertising media, catering, clothing and other projects have concentrated the entrepreneurial direction of more college students. Start-ups are small in scale, weak in strength and low in profit. Entrepreneurial teams are relatively lacking in marketing concepts, market grasp, team management, financial management and other corporate components. Most college students' entrepreneurial homogeneity is serious, their competitiveness is weak, their development is slow and uneven, and their survival rate is low.
3. Entrepreneurship education and training are out of touch with the actual needs of entrepreneurship.
At present, entrepreneurship education and training are mainly divided into "entrepreneurship education" and "entrepreneurship training". Entrepreneurship education is mainly completed by schools, and its content is theoretical, so it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of entrepreneurs' quality and entrepreneurial awareness. After entrepreneurship education, college students with entrepreneurial awareness can enter the stage of entrepreneurship training. In the entrepreneurial simulation training, we can improve our social skills, office skills and business skills by setting up a company, determining the company structure, analyzing the business environment, trying to run business and completing various tasks, so as to experience the real business environment and business behavior. Through this link, college students with entrepreneurial potential can greatly improve their entrepreneurial ability. However, entrepreneurship simulation training is only a simulation process after all. How to introduce specific entrepreneurial practice into students' entrepreneurial training in society and combine specific entrepreneurial behavior with entrepreneurial training to feel entrepreneurial behavior more truly is a problem that needs to be solved in entrepreneurial education and training.
4 teachers of innovation and entrepreneurship need to be strengthened.
Through in-depth interviews, we can know that the demand for innovation and entrepreneurship guidance teachers is gradually increasing, and there is still a certain gap between the quantity and quality of teachers and the actual requirements, which has not adapted to the changing development requirements of innovation and entrepreneurship forms. Although some schools have alleviated the shortage of teachers' resources through school-enterprise cooperation and integration of production and education, the contradiction between teachers' strength and actual demand is more prominent on the whole.
(B) On the service of college students' entrepreneurship
Government level
1 Explore a new entrepreneurial training mode aimed at improving entrepreneurial ability.
In view of the fact that the content of entrepreneurship training in entrepreneurship training can not fully meet the needs of entrepreneurship, we should promote the development of entrepreneurship training projects from a single model to diversification, combine the strength of social enterprises, cultivate more targeted entrepreneurship projects, and feed back the entrepreneurship training of college students. At the same time, explore a new mode of entrepreneurial practice (trying to start a business) and let students deeply participate in social entrepreneurship. Learn from Nanjing's subsidies for college students' entrepreneurial practice, guide college students to participate more in social entrepreneurial practice through entrepreneurial practice, and improve their entrepreneurial ability in social practice.
2. With the implementation of entrepreneurship policy as the guarantee, establish a guarantee mechanism for entrepreneurial failure.
The municipal human and social departments should actively cooperate with relevant departments to further improve and implement preferential policies such as industrial and commercial registration, tax reduction and exemption, and entrepreneurial loans, so as to open up a "green channel" for college students' entrepreneurship. In view of the phenomenon that college students' second and repeated entrepreneurship has increased year by year, and the success rate of second entrepreneurship has improved, it is suggested that all sectors of society should strengthen the protection and support for college students who have failed in entrepreneurship, explore the unemployment subsidy methods after entrepreneurial failure, and explore the introduction of corresponding incentive policies to encourage and support college students' second entrepreneurship.
3. Focus on precision and efficiency, and refine government innovation and entrepreneurship services.
Strengthen the cooperation between government and school, and explore the establishment of Suzhou Entrepreneurial University, which integrates "entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship culture and entrepreneurship service", with the employment and entrepreneurship guidance stations of 32 colleges and universities in this city as the platform, and carry out the whole life cycle service of college entrepreneurship. Further expand the form of entrepreneurial competition, instead of simply screening and evaluating existing entrepreneurial projects, start from the reality of entrepreneurship and increase entrepreneurial thinking brainstorming and entrepreneurial project scheme competition. , comprehensively improve the entrepreneur's own ability. Relying on "Internet Plus Entrepreneurship", make full use of "Suzhou Innovation and Entrepreneurship Platform" to enjoy entrepreneurial news, entrepreneurial activities, entrepreneurial policies, entrepreneurial training, entrepreneurial carriers, entrepreneurial projects, entrepreneurial mentors and other entrepreneurial resources in real time.
University level
1 On the premise of cultivating innovative consciousness, improve the enterprise education system in colleges and universities.
Under the background of mass entrepreneurship and innovation in the new era, we encourage college students to start businesses, not because they are sure to succeed, but because we expect to find a group of willing and capable entrepreneurs among young people. To improve the entrepreneurship education system in colleges and universities, first, strengthen the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship system in colleges and universities, and formulate medium and long-term development plans and guidance. For example, in this survey, it is found that the peak of college students' entrepreneurial willingness is in sophomores in higher vocational colleges, sophomores and juniors in undergraduate colleges. It is suggested to further plan and improve entrepreneurship education for this group. Second, it is suggested that innovation and entrepreneurship education should be closely linked with the needs of economic and political development, encourage interdisciplinary innovation and entrepreneurship education, continuously upgrade the training system of innovative and entrepreneurial talents, strengthen the cooperative relationship between institutions and industries, and actively play the role of gathering resources at all levels.
2. On the basis of improving the quality of entrepreneurship, the construction of innovative and entrepreneurial teachers.
The first is to build a team of full-time and part-time teachers with good professional quality. For example, we should strengthen the reform of the teacher appointment system, establish a green channel to attract outstanding entrepreneurial education talents at home and abroad, and hire entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, consultants and technical experts who have both practical management experience and certain management theory literacy as part-time lecturers. The second is to strengthen the innovation and entrepreneurship practice of college entrepreneurship education teachers. Encourage education to participate in enterprise consulting and research activities, increase practical management experience, and avoid serious disconnection between teachers' theory and social practice. The third is to improve the quality of entrepreneurial teachers in colleges and universities and improve their professional quality. Colleges and universities should formulate incentive mechanisms, such as linking teachers' innovation achievements with the performance of scientific research achievements, fully mobilizing teachers' innovation enthusiasm, and improving teachers' entrepreneurial quality through professional training and international cooperation.
Social dimension
1 Promote the sustainable development of entrepreneurial projects by providing resource docking.
Dock all kinds of social resources, actively promote the selection of college students' entrepreneurial pacesetters and outstanding entrepreneurial projects, and give corresponding rewards and publicity to pacesetters and outstanding entrepreneurial projects. Explore the purchase of third-party services to further improve the quality of college students' entrepreneurial services. Provide more professional resource support in financing, innovative projects and professionals. At the same time, we will build a communication platform between the government, schools and enterprises to provide students with opportunities for entrepreneurial practice, so that students can accumulate practical experience, discover and discover business opportunities and prepare for entrepreneurship. Regular exhibitions, exhibitions and exchanges of college students' entrepreneurial products will play a positive role in promoting students' entrepreneurial products to go out of campus and connect with related enterprises.
2. Adhere to the correct direction of public opinion and create a good atmosphere for social entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is a high-risk activity. Official data show that the success rate of college students' entrepreneurship is less than 5%. Encourage the society to create a generous atmosphere that tolerates failure, advocates entrepreneurship and encourages adventure through mainstream media. A free environment.
Family level
1 guide children's entrepreneurial behavior correctly in combination with their own family environment.
Every student's family conditions vary from person to person. For the "second generation" family mentioned above, it has a certain status or influence in society. As parents, they can guide their children to know some key people who are conducive to future entrepreneurial activities. Subtly guide children to continue to engage in or expand traditional family entrepreneurship projects, and provide experience for future entrepreneurship. For students with ordinary family conditions, they tend to have more perseverance and fighting spirit. Parents should also guide them correctly and engage in entrepreneurial activities as much as possible on the basis of completing their studies.
2. To establish a correct concept of choosing a job as the key point, and gradually change the traditional concept.
In today's socio-economic form of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", employment is no longer the only choice for college students. Entrepreneurship is not only a better employment, but also a promotion of employment, which requires families to change their ideas, establish a correct concept of career choice, and give greater understanding and support to children who are willing to start a business.
Student level
1 Take the improvement of comprehensive ability as the core, and make full preparations for the early stage of entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is a complex process, which requires entrepreneurs to have good comprehensive quality, good management ability, interpersonal skills, innovation ability, learning ability, teamwork ability, leadership decision-making ability and crisis handling ability. Before starting a business, entrepreneurs need to correctly evaluate their own abilities, make up their own shortcomings and improve their own quality through classroom study and social innovation practice.
2 Take learning professional knowledge as the bottom line and rationally understand entrepreneurial behavior.
When we encourage college students to start businesses, we don't require everyone to participate. The main task of students is to learn professional knowledge. We encourage students who have spare capacity and strong interest in entrepreneurship to participate in entrepreneurial practice activities. As contemporary college students, we should have a correct understanding of campus entrepreneurial behavior, rather than following the trend. At least we should have the following basic conditions to participate in college students' entrepreneurial behavior, such as good comprehensive quality, project funds, suitable partners and the ability to form a team quickly.
Related articles:
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2. There are 3 model articles in the investigation report of college students' entrepreneurship.
3. Three investigation reports on college students' campus entrepreneurship.
4. Experience of college students' entrepreneurship investigation
5. Investigation Report on College Students' Entrepreneurship