Promote the formation of a strong domestic market
In 20 18, China's commodity consumption will exceed 38 trillion yuan, an increase of about 9. 1%, becoming the first driving force of economic growth for five consecutive years, and steadily moving towards the first commodity consumption country. But at the same time, consumption growth is under certain pressure. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed to promote the formation of a strong domestic market.
Zhongshan, Minister of Commerce, gave specific measures to promote consumption in 20 19: First, speed up the transformation and upgrading of the first batch of 1 1 pedestrian streets, promote the development of convenience store chains and brands, transform community commercial outlets such as vegetable markets, and promote consumption upgrading. The second is to promote e-commerce into rural areas, covering more than 90% of state-level poverty-stricken counties, promoting industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to the city, so that the urban and rural markets will prosper. The third is to build a number of urban and rural convenience consumer service centers, promote the standardization of services such as housekeeping and catering, and improve the credit system and product traceability system.
Zhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, also announced specific measures: NDRC will formulate measures to stabilize the consumption of hot products such as automobiles and household appliances, improve supporting policies for housing rental, domestic service, old-age care and child care, tap the consumption potential of rural online shopping and rural tourism, and break the institutional and institutional barriers to investment access in social fields such as culture and sports.
The Central Economic Work Conference focused on accelerating the pace of 5G commercialization and promoting the formation of a strong domestic market. Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, revealed how the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will specifically promote: First, accelerate the maturity of 5G terminals. Strive for 5G terminals to meet users as soon as possible, and some enterprises expect to launch mobile phones for user testing in 20 19. The second is to speed up the process of network construction. On 20 18 and 12, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially issued licenses for the use of 5G test frequencies to three basic telecommunications companies. The next step will be to carry out 5G scale trials and strive to build a city-level high-quality 5G boutique network. The third is to accelerate the cultivation of 5G converged applications. Continuously deepen the standard system, industrial collaboration and demonstration application of vehicle networking based on C-V2X, accelerate the integration application of industrial Internet and 5G, and further promote the collaborative innovation of 5G with agriculture, transportation, medical care, education and other fields. Organize the second phase of 5G application solicitation activities to gather all forces to promote the development of 5G applications.
Firmly support the development of private enterprises
Private enterprises account for 90% of enterprises, most of which are small and medium-sized enterprises. The central government has given private enterprises a "reassurance". How to accurately deliver this "reassuring"?
Miao Wei said that in promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should focus on four aspects: First, we should promote the introduction of guiding opinions to promote the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Second, continue to implement the intellectual property strategy promotion project and informatization promotion project for small and medium-sized enterprises, and implement the three-year action plan to promote the integration and development of large, medium and small enterprises. The third is to promote the construction of an Internet publishing platform for national SME policy information. Fourth, to promote the improvement of pledge financing mechanisms such as accounts receivable and intellectual property rights and the combination of industry and finance as a pilot, give play to the role of the national financing guarantee fund, implement the policy of reducing fees and rewarding small and micro enterprises' financing guarantee business, promote the establishment of a risk-sharing mechanism among the government, banks and enterprises, and further give play to the leading role of the SME Development Fund.
How to solve the financing difficulties of private enterprises and small and micro enterprises? Yi Gang, governor of the People's Bank of China, said that this year, according to the deployment of the Central Economic Work Conference, the People's Bank of China will comprehensively use various monetary policy tools such as targeted reduction of the deposit reserve ratio, rediscount of loans, and targeted medium-term lending facilities to implement precise drip irrigation for small and micro enterprises; Make good use of the "three arrows" of credit, bonds and equity to support private enterprises in financing bail-outs.
As a direct financing tool, optimizing the issuance of corporate bonds can effectively alleviate the financing difficulties of enterprises, especially private enterprises and small and micro enterprises. In solving the financing difficulties of private enterprises, especially corporate bond issuance, Zhe said that this year, support for bond financing will be increased, the scale of high-quality private enterprise bond issuance will be expanded, and the approval process will be further accelerated. At the same time, local large and medium-sized enterprises are encouraged to issue credit enhancement collective bonds for small and micro enterprises, and the funds raised are mainly used to support private enterprises that meet the direction of economic structure optimization and upgrading and have development prospects.
Promote all-round opening to the outside world
In 20 18, China's foreign trade still achieved rapid growth under the extremely complicated and severe external environment. 20 19 will face more uncertainty.
How to promote all-round opening up? Zhong Shan said that in terms of stabilizing foreign trade: First, promote the optimization of the international market layout, expand about 30 key markets, enhance the markets of developed countries and expand the markets of developing countries. Promote processing trade, develop other trade, and promote the pilot of purchasing trade mode in 35 cross-border electronic commerce comprehensive experimental zones and 14 markets. The second is to build a foreign trade transformation and upgrading base, support the construction of international marketing service networks, and promote the construction of trade promotion platforms such as overseas brand exhibitions. The third is to develop service trade, popularize 29 pilot experiences in innovative development of service trade, and build export bases for special services such as digital services and traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, the Ministry of Commerce will continue to implement the foreign investment promotion action plan.
The National Development and Reform Commission also plays an important role in promoting all-round opening up. Zhe revealed that the National Development and Reform Commission will, in accordance with the requirements of actively promoting high-level opening to the outside world, comprehensively optimize the environment for the utilization of foreign capital and promote major foreign investment projects to land as soon as possible. Further expand the scope of encouraging foreign investment.
Miao Wei also revealed the measures taken by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to further open up to the outside world, and will fully implement the system of national treatment plus negative list management before entry, and implement the opening policies for industries such as automobiles, ships and airplanes.
Strengthen security and improve people's livelihood
Implement a larger tax reduction and fee reduction.
In 20 19, the pressure of total employment in China has not diminished, especially the number of college graduates has reached 8.34 million, reaching a new high. At the same time, the structural employment contradiction is more prominent. In view of the new situation, new situation and new changes this year, the Central Economic Work Conference regards stable employment as the first of the "six stabilities".
On 20 19, the responsible comrades in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security gave four concrete measures: First, accelerate the research on the implementation plan of reducing the social insurance rate. Increase the intensity and extent of the return of unemployment insurance premiums. For insured enterprises that do not lay off employees or lay off employees less, 50% of the unemployment insurance premium actually paid in the previous year can be returned. Increase the amount of business guarantee loans, increase the amount of individual applications from 654.38+10,000 yuan to150,000 yuan, and increase the amount of small and micro enterprises from 2 million yuan to 3 million yuan. The second is to do a good job in the employment and entrepreneurship of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers and retired military personnel. The third is to carry out vocational skills training on a large scale, give vocational training subsidies to the unemployed who have passed the training, and relax the conditions for employees of enterprises to apply for skills subsidies. The fourth is to increase employment assistance for people in difficulty, ensure that "zero-employment families" are cleared dynamically, and timely honor social security benefits such as unemployment insurance.
The Central Economic Work Conference also requested that the proactive fiscal policy in 20 19 should be strengthened to improve efficiency. Liu Kun, Minister of Finance, summarized the landing measures as "two increases" and "one increase", increased tax reduction and fee reduction, and improved the allocation efficiency and use efficiency of fiscal funds. For example, the recent introduction of inclusive tax relief for small and micro enterprises. In addition, the Ministry of Finance will deepen the reform of value-added tax and continue to promote substantial tax cuts. Fully implement the revised individual income tax law and its implementing regulations, and implement six special additional deduction policies to reduce the tax burden of residents. At the same time, cooperate with relevant departments, actively study and formulate a comprehensive plan to reduce social insurance rates, and further reduce the burden of social insurance contributions of enterprises.
In addition, some enterprises also report relatively high production and operation costs. In terms of cost reduction, Zhe said that the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) will increase its support for the proactive fiscal policy, implement a larger-scale fee reduction, and intensify cost reduction. There are mainly three aspects of work: first, accelerate the promotion of zero fees for administrative fees related to enterprises. The second is to study and put forward suggestions to clean up and standardize service charges, cancel illegal and illegal charges, reduce the high charging standards, and guide local governments to promote the reform of government pricing service charges. The third is to focus on promoting the reform of transmission and distribution prices, public utility charges and the "three inspections in one" reform of freight vehicles, and effectively reduce the energy costs and logistics costs of enterprises.
Splicing the information disclosed by the top officials of six ministries and commissions, we can see that behind the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference is the downward pressure on the economy we are facing. The economy is changing steadily, the external environment is complex and severe, and the economy is facing downward pressure. Facing the problem directly and making a good policy response have taken the first step to stabilize confidence.