According to the data of 181 countries jointly studied by the World Health Organization and the NCD Alliance, it shows that chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases are the main reasons that endanger human health. In the ranking of prevention and control of chronic diseases, South Korea in Asia has done the best, ranking first. Spain, Portugal, Italy and Switzerland in Europe have the best control. Let's take a look at the three meals a day of Portuguese families, eating meat and drinking every meal, but few of them get cardiovascular disease.
1. Breakfast
Breakfast in Portuguese families is usually at 7 o'clock or 8 o'clock, and it is also rich in content, including fresh bread with butter, ham for energy supplement and nutritious cheese. Or jam with coffee, milk, tea, or a cup of hot chocolate with strong fragrance, or cereal with milk, yogurt or fruit.
There is also a kind of ham cheese toast for breakfast in Portugal, which is wrapped with a layer of beef, a layer of chicken, a layer of pork, a layer of ham and even more meat, then covered tightly with thick slices of cheese, baked in the oven, and finally put a fresh fried egg on it. Portuguese also love dessert as breakfast, and most breakfast staple foods will choose pastry sweets, such as croissants, cupcakes, egg tarts, doughnuts and so on.
Most Portuguese families also like ham for breakfast. The most common one is crispy bread with some garlic on it, then sprinkled with freshly broken tomatoes, olive oil and a little salty salt, and two slices of Portuguese black pig ham. It's delicious.
The famous hams in Europe are all made of free-range black pork, and Portuguese hams are no exception. Firstly, the smoked ham was given a strong smoky flavor, which made the Portuguese ham completely different from the pure air-dried ham in Spain and Italy. Cut a mature ham, the meat on the inside of the leg is scarlet and firm, the middle is tender and moist, and the outside is plump fat. The fiery red lean meat is cut into thin pieces, which is smoky, dry, fragrant and salty.
2. Lunch
In Portugal, lunch time is 1-2 o'clock, and lunch consists of rice, potatoes, bread, meat, seafood and fish. Portugal is close to the sea and rich in seafood. Eating the most is all kinds of seafood, and there are hundreds of kinds of cod. In the inland areas of Portugal, meat is the main food, pigs are the main characters, and there are all kinds of pork sausages, the most famous of which is black pork air-dried sausages. A major feature of Portuguese food is to make its own appetizer and main course with top fresh cod, swimming shrimp, crabs and all kinds of shellfish.
Portuguese sailors and fishermen who sailed on the sea for a long time in the early days were more accustomed to preserving food by pickling, and pickled cod was the best "salty and fresh" dish. Smoked wax products are also a favorite taste of Portuguese people, and Portuguese-style cigarette legs are a typical example. Portuguese cuisine also uses natural ingredients such as olive oil, wine, garlic, tomatoes, sea salt, etc., and tries to present the most natural and authentic taste of ingredients with simple and restrained cooking techniques, which is vividly reflected in "seafood" dishes.
Many Portuguese families love paella for lunch. Seafood soup made by slowly cooking lobster heads for 24 hours is cooked with a variety of healthy seafood ingredients, such as vegetables, meat, shrimp shells, etc. The taste is delicious and the teeth are fragrant. Traditional Spanish rice is full of grains and easy to taste. Then add saffron with nourishing blood, calming the nerves and beautifying the face, which is fragrant and attractive in color.
Portuguese people love to drink at lunch, and their drinking methods are very particular. According to Portuguese tradition, they should drink open bottles of wine before meals, and drink digestive wine after meals, and they should also match wine according to local dishes during meals. Drink red wine when eating meat, white wine when eating fish, rose wine with cold platters, and sparkling wine with grapes when eating snacks. This traditional and strict method of wine preparation has been inherited to this day and has become a etiquette and habit for people all over the country in business banquets, social occasions and family banquets.
There is a famous saying in Portugal: Wine is the son of the earth and the sun, which lifts spirits and inspires wisdom. Portugal is rich in fine wine and is famous for its mellow taste. Portuguese national wine with Portuguese cuisine is a perfect match. When you get to Portugal, you have to drink at dinner. If you don't drink for a reason, they will think that you look down on them. In Portugal, people say that wine is cheaper than water and the alcohol content is not high. Therefore, drinking some wine while eating will never lead to drunkenness. Of course, in Portugal, which is famous for its wine production in the world, it is a good wine with a good reputation, and it is worth tasting.
3. Dinner
Portuguese families usually have dinner after 7 o'clock, mainly fish and pork. Charred cod with potatoes and fried green vegetables are what they often eat. Portugal is the nation that loves cod the most in the world. In Portugal, there are 365 cooking methods for pickled cod alone. This time, the chef used fresh and simple cooking techniques to present the original taste of pickled cod as much as possible. Cod is soaked in clear water for 48 hours to remove excess salt, and then roasted with charcoal fire, with small potatoes and vegetables to adjust the balance of taste. Finally, pour hot olive oil to hook up the aroma of meat, which makes the meat smooth and salty.
There are many kinds of fish for dinner. The fat and tender sardines are grilled and fragrant, which complement each other with crispy corn bread, and then the necessary water on the taste and the fiber texture of vegetables are supplemented by colored peppers. Pouring hot olive oil makes the fish more moist. The fresh cuttlefish larvae came into the kitchen with the smell of seawater. The delicate white kidney beans and crisp and juicy tomatoes were seasoned with a little red wine vinegar. Several ingredients formed a subtle contrast in taste with different tastes, and the refreshing and fragrant tastes were simply matched together, revealing a natural taste.
roast suckling pig is a big dinner for Portuguese families. It is different from Portuguese roast suckling pig with Chinese roast suckling pig. First, it is pickled with sauce made of olive oil, wine, black pepper, thyme, garlic and other ingredients, and olive oil is coated on the skin during baking. The meat is tender and tender, and the skin is fragrant and tender. When serving, it is boldly cut into large pieces, served with crisp potato chips and juicy honey orange, which makes the taste more layered and layered, and the fragrant fresh pepper sauce pushes the taste enjoyment to the peak.
According to Portuguese eating habits, people should try to drink wine at dinner. Portuguese people have an indissoluble bond with wine, which is an essential drink for every family. Men, women and children love to drink before and after meals, and they also like to entertain guests with wine. Men are considered men only when they drink alcohol. It is said that there are 361,111 hotels in this small country, which is only half the size of Henan Province. The most famous wine is Bordeaux.
Portuguese Dundun loves to eat meat and drink. Why do few people get cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases?
diet is not just eating and drinking. Especially when we talk about the specific eating habits of a country, it is always inseparable from talking about the relationship between the diet and its culture. Many anthropologists agree that Portugal's contemporary food culture should be included in the Mediterranean diet. Mediterranean diet is a kind of diet highly praised by modern nutritionists, which originated from the traditional diet patterns in countries around the Mediterranean.
In fact, Portugal is not a Mediterranean country, and Portugal with a long Atlantic coastline is not a Mediterranean climate. So why does Portugal belong to the Mediterranean diet? It turns out that the Mediterranean diet is distinguished by cultural affiliation. For thousands of years, Portugal has had close cultural and economic exchanges with Spain, Italy, Greece and other countries, so Portugal has gradually adapted to the habit of Mediterranean diet.
Characteristics of Mediterranean diet
1. Love to eat tomatoes
The raw materials of the diet in different regions of Portugal are slightly different, but there is one vegetable that will not be lacking in the menu, that is, tomatoes. Tomatoes can inhibit the oxidation of cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease. Many dishes in Portugal contain tomatoes. For example, Portuguese salad is made of lettuce, tomatoes, onions and other ingredients, and many tomatoes are also used in the famous Portuguese paella.
2. Love to eat coarse grains
In Portugal's typical recipes, bread is usually just a starter and a starter, and it is not eaten as a staple food, so in fact, pasta in Portugal's diet is not terrible. People can eat pasta according to the traditional Portuguese diet, which can not only ensure their health to get enough fuel, but also not gain weight. In addition, the Portuguese are also used to eating milk mixed with cereal for breakfast.
3. Use olive oil
Olive oil is the core of Portuguese and Mediterranean diets. Portuguese people have the habit of eating soaked olives, and use olive oil as cooking oil to cook, bake food and mix salads and vegetables. Raw olive oil is slightly spicy and rich in unsaturated fatty acids. It is a very healthy oil and helps to lower cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is easily deposited in arterial blood vessels, causing arteriosclerosis and obstruction. Another advantage of olive oil is that it can dilute blood and help prevent the formation of tiny blood clots, thus preventing the occurrence of heart diseases such as myocardial infarction.
4. Love to eat fish
Tuna, herring, sardines, salmon, cod, etc. are rich in linoleic acid (ω-3 fatty acids) which is beneficial to the heart. Helps to reduce blood viscosity and blood pressure, maintain normal heart rhythm, and improve the level of beneficial high-density lipoprotein. Scientific research has found that if the human body ingests more omega-3 fatty acids, it can greatly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
5. Love to drink wine
It is recognized by the medical community that red wine is good for the heart. Scientific research has found that red wine can prolong people's life. It is entirely because of a compound called resveratrol contained in red wine. It can be used as an antioxidant, has the functions of resisting cancer and delaying aging, and can prevent cardiovascular diseases. But drink red wine in moderation.