The conditions for the formation of the world's fishing grounds and the characteristics of their geographical distribution are as follows:

I. Conditions for the formation

1. Marine productivity and the environment: Marine productivity is the primary factor determining the formation and development of the world's fishing grounds. Marine productivity includes benthic organisms and fish, the reproduction and growth of these organisms is the basis for the formation of fishing grounds. The marine environment includes factors such as temperature, current and water quality, which have a significant impact on the reproduction and growth of marine organisms. Places where cold and warm currents meet tend to form rich fishing grounds.

2, geographic location: geographic location has an important impact on the formation and distribution of the world's fishing grounds. For example, seas close to land tend to have more fishery resources due to the richness of nutrients. In addition, coastal areas are relatively rich in fishery resources due to dense population and high consumer demand.

II. Geographic Distribution

1. Temperate and Tropical Seas: Temperate seas are the main distribution areas of the world's fisheries due to favorable temperatures and high marine productivity. The North Sea fishery at the confluence of the North Atlantic warm current and the Arctic Ocean cold current is one of the world's largest fishing grounds. Tropical seas are an important distribution area for the world's fisheries due to their high temperatures and high marine productivity. The Arabian Sea fishery in the Indian Ocean is one of the largest in the world.

2. Polar and deep-sea waters: Polar waters have relatively few fishery resources due to low temperature and low marine productivity. In the polar seas there are also some special fishing grounds, Antarctic krill fishery. Deep-sea waters have fewer fishery resources, and in recent years, with the development of deep-sea aquaculture technology, began to become a new area of the world's fisheries. Deep-sea aquaculture fisheries in the Pacific Ocean is one of the world's largest deep-sea aquaculture base.

Related knowledge of the four major fishing grounds

1, Hokkaido fishing grounds (Japan Sea fishing grounds): located in the southeastern waters of Hokkaido, Japan, is the world's first large fishing grounds. The formation of this fishery is related to the intersection of the Chishima cold current and the Japanese warm current. The cold current brings in deep sea water, which meets the warm current, causing the sea water to stir and nutrients to float upward, attracting a large number of fish to gather. The continental shelf is shallow and sunlight is able to reach the bottom of the sea, favoring the reproduction and growth of bait.

2, Newfoundland fishery: located in the northeastern part of the Atlantic Ocean, including the island of Newfoundland and the nearby waters. The formation of the fishery is related to the Gulf of Mexico warm current and Labrador cold current convergence. Warm currents bring nutrients, and the convergence of cold currents, making the sea water churning, nutrients upward, attracting a large number of fish gathered. The waters have a wider continental shelf, which favors bait reproduction and growth.

3, Peruvian fishery (South American coastal fishery): located in South America off the coast of Peru, is one of the world's four major fishing grounds. The formation of this fishery is related to the El Ni?o phenomenon and the La Plata cold front. The cold current brings deep sea water, which interacts with the El Ni?o phenomenon, causing the sea water to stir and nutrients to float upwards, attracting a large number of fish to gather. The waters have a narrow continental shelf, which favors bait reproduction and growth.

4. Zhoushan Fishing Ground (China's East China Sea Fishing Ground): Located in the northern waters of China's East China Sea, it is one of the world's four famous fishing grounds. The formation of this fishing ground is related to the runoff into the sea from the Yangtze River system and the Qiantang River system. Large amounts of freshwater are injected into the sea, causing the sea water to churn and nutrients to float upwards, attracting a large number of fish to gather. The continental shelf of the sea is wider, which is conducive to the reproduction and growth of bait.