During the Spring Festival, the large-scale flow of people, goods, information and art promoted the overall prosperity of culture, commerce, transportation, tourism, telecommunications, finance and catering, and formed a unique "Spring Festival economy". Chinese New Year is a concentrated expression of people's annual consumption. Although it is impossible for everyone to wait until the New Year to put on new clothes and enjoy delicious food, it is still an eternal holiday tradition of the Chinese nation to buy new year's goods, honor the elders and care for the younger generation.
Sociologists point out that the Spring Festival is an ancient festival with rich cultural connotation and strong vitality in China, and it can also promote social consumption and economic growth. When traditional customs are increasingly transformed into a cultural symbol, the "old bottle" of the Spring Festival has been constantly updated by the fashionable "new wine". With the emergence of new consumption concepts, the Spring Festival is not only a "New Year" in the traditional sense, but also a "shutter" that drives the market economy. People began to turn from traditional festival busyness to a new celebration trend; From "New Year's Eve is New Year's Eve" to diversified and personalized consumption patterns; From "buying new clothes for the New Year" to the birth and pull of the whole market "Spring Festival economy". The "Spring Festival Economy" has injected new vitality into the lives of ordinary people.
Digital red envelope; digital red envelope; electronic red-envelope
Giving out red envelopes is one of the most popular traditional customs in the Spring Festival every year. Nowadays, the network-based "electronic red-envelope" is becoming a new fashion for some new families. It is understood that this "electronic red-envelope" is sent through the third-party platform of the network. Alipay has specially set up the "gift money" function on the homepage. Users only need to enter the recipient's account and the amount of the red envelope, and then enter the payment password after submission to complete the red envelope sending immediately. Electronic red-envelope also supports a variety of red envelope styles. Users can not only upload personalized wish pictures, but also write messages with personal characteristics. Compared with the traditional model of "red paper bag+cash", "electronic red-envelope" is more lively and full of the flavor of the times. Spring Festival Gala
Spring Festival Gala, usually called "Spring Festival Gala", is a variety show held by China CCTV every year on New Year's Eve to celebrate the Lunar New Year. 1983, it should be said that CCTV held the Spring Festival Evening by accident. But this party has become a "new folk culture" of China people, and it is a must-see TV New Year's Eve dinner every year.
From the perspective of cultural development, CCTV Spring Festival Gala initiated the first variety show on TV, which triggered a major change in the content and expression of China TV media. Its success has not only stabilized its position, but also spawned a series of similar programs in CCTV, such as Super Variety Show, Zhengda Variety Show, Qu Yuan Miscellaneous Altar, Spring Festival Opera Evening, Spring Festival Song and Dance Evening, Ministry Spring Festival Evening (such as the Spring Festival Evening of the Ministry of Public Security), and various holiday variety shows such as National Day, May Day, Mid-Autumn Festival and New Year's Day. Subsequently, local TV stations all over the country frequently followed suit and strived for innovation.
* Auxiliary reference sources: Spring Festival in China, Spring Festival travel rush craze, Spring Festival Gala in electronic red-envelope: entertainment progress in the Internet age.
China Spring Festival travel rush craze
The transportation during the Spring Festival is called "Spring Festival travel rush" for short. This is a unique transportation period in China. With Spring Festival travel rush as the boundary, the national transportation peak with special transportation arrangements made by the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Communications and the Civil Aviation Administration on the basis of 15 days before the festival, 25 days after the festival and ***40 days (with slightly different starting and ending times each year) is called Spring Festival travel rush Peak.
During the period of Spring Festival travel rush, the Ministry of Railways implemented special operation management, and a large number of temporary passenger cars were opened around Spring Festival travel rush 15. After 80s, a large number of migrant workers went out, and Spring Festival travel rush craze became a social hotspot.
The largest periodic transportation peak in the world-Spring Festival travel rush, China.
"Spring Festival travel rush fever" is called the largest and most periodic human migration in human history. In about 40 days, the floating population will exceed 2 billion, accounting for 1/3 of the world population. Spring Festival travel rush Peak in China was selected as the largest periodic transportation peak in China, world record association. Before the Spring Festival, the key areas for Spring Festival travel rush to grab the line are usually Beijing and Tianjin, the Yangtze River Delta, Fujian and the Pearl River Delta.
The key areas after the holiday are generally Chengdu, Chongqing, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang, Hefei and Fuyang. Spring Festival travel rush's strategy is to achieve the goal of "ensuring safety, meeting key points, being stable and orderly, and providing good service" in Spring Festival travel rush. The overall strategy of the national railway Spring Festival travel rush is "customer-oriented, passenger and freight win-win;" South passenger and north goods, South Locomotive and North Transfer; Overall arrangement, the key points must be guaranteed; Stop properly and prepare for emergency; Vehicles tap the potential, short stop and long stay; There is a flow, no flow stops. " The reason for the establishment of Spring Festival travel rush is that China has a large population, and the Spring Festival is a traditional reunion festival. People go home for the Spring Festival one after another, and there are too many people by bus. The transportation department needs to make every effort to ensure that passengers have a car, can go home and come back after saving energy. Keeping the old year is the custom of staying up late to welcome the new year on the last night of the old year. Also known as New Year's Eve, the common name is "Enduring the Year".
Exploring the origin of this custom, there is an interesting story among the people: in Archean, there was a fierce monster scattered in the mountains, which people called "Nian". Its appearance is ferocious, its nature is ferocious, and it specializes in eating birds, animals and insects. It changes its taste every day, from kowtowing insects to living people, which makes people talk about "Nian". Later, people gradually mastered the activity law of "Nian", that is, every 365 days, people go to places where people live in concentrated communities to taste fresh food. The haunting time is after dark, and when the rooster crows at dawn, they return to the mountains. After determining the date of the ravages of 2008, people regarded this terrible night as a gateway, and came up with a set of methods to close the New Year's Day: every family prepared dinner in advance, turned off the fire, cleaned the stove, then tied all the cowpeas, sealed the front and back doors of the house, and hid in the house to eat the "New Year's Eve" because this dinner was uncertain. In addition to inviting the whole family to have dinner together to show harmonious reunion, we should also worship our ancestors before eating and pray for their blessing to spend the night safely. After dinner, no one dared to sleep, so they sat together and chatted with courage. Gradually formed the habit of not sleeping on New Year's Eve.
The trend of observing the age rose in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and many scholars in the Liang Dynasty had poems about observing the age. "One night for two years, five hours for two years." People light candles or oil lamps, a custom that has been passed down to this day. According to legend, there was a young man named Wan Nian in ancient times. Seeing that the festivals at that time were chaotic, he had a precise plan, but he couldn't find a way to calculate the time. One day, he was tired of chopping wood on the mountain and sat in the shade to rest. The movement of the shadow inspired him. He designed a sundial to measure the time of the day. Later, inspired by the dripping spring water on the cliff, he began to make a five-layer clepsydra to calculate the time. Over time, he found that every 360 days, the four seasons would cycle once, and the length of the weather would be repeated. At that time, the monarch was called Zu Ti, who was often troubled by the unpredictable weather. Ten thousand years later, he took the sundial and the clepsydra to see the emperor and explained to Zu Ti the truth about the movement of the sun and the moon. Zu Ti was very happy after hearing this and felt reasonable. So I left for ten thousand years and built the Sun and Moon Pavilion in front of the Temple of Heaven, as well as the sundial platform and the Leaky Pot Pavilion. I hope I can accurately measure the laws of the sun and the moon, calculate the exact time in the morning and evening, and create a calendar to benefit people all over the world. On one occasion, Zu Ti went to learn about the progress of the perpetual calendar. When he boarded the altar of the sun and the moon, he saw a poem engraved on the stone wall next to the Temple of Heaven:
Sunrise and sunset 360, start all over again.
Vegetation is divided into four seasons, and there are twelve circles in a year.
Knowing that the perpetual calendar was created, I personally boarded the Sun Moon Pavilion to visit the perpetual calendar. Wan Nian pointed to the astronomical phenomena and said to Zu Ti, "Now it is exactly twelve months. The old year has passed and the new year has begun again. Please make a festival for you. " It is said that this is the origin of the Spring Festival. After years of long-term observation and careful calculation, he worked out an accurate solar calendar. When he showed his successor the solar calendar, he was covered with silver whiskers. The monarch was deeply moved. In order to commemorate the achievements of 10 thousand years, he named the solar calendar "perpetual calendar" and named it the birthday star of the sun, moon and moon. In the future, people will hang up the Shou Xingtu during the Chinese New Year, which is said to commemorate the venerable ten thousand years. In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi wrote in the poem "January 1st": "Every family must change new peaches into old ones every day." Describe the light on the first day. The "peach" and "symbol" in the poem are intertextual, which means that the new peach symbol is always replaced by the old one-the old one is replaced by the new one.
There is a beautiful legend about Fu Tao-a long time ago, Dushuo Mountain in the East China Sea had beautiful scenery and there was a peach forest on it. One of the peach trees, huge, leafy and winding, stretches for three thousand miles. Peaches are big and sweet. People who eat peaches from this tree can become immortals.
One dark night, a ghost with blue face and fangs, red hair and green eyes tried to steal Xiantao. The owners of Taolin, Shen Tu and Lei Yu, used peach branches to play ghosts, tied ghosts with straw ropes and fed tigers to watch the mountains. From then on, the names of the two brothers scared ghosts and became immortals who specialized in punishing evil and promoting good after death. Later generations painted two immortals, Shen Tu and Lei Yu, on a mahogany board one inch wide and seven or eight inches long to ward off evil spirits. This kind of red board is called "Fu Tao". With the changes of the times, Fu Tao itself is changing. Later, people wrote the names of two immortals on the Fu Tao instead of portraits. Later, it developed into "Inscription of Fu Tao", that is, short poems with equal words, symmetrical structure and corresponding meanings were inscribed on Fu Tao, which was the predecessor of Spring Festival couplets. According to Yanjing Chronicle Jade Candle Collection, the original form of Spring Festival couplets is what people call "Taofu". In the ancient mythology of China, it is said that there is a ghost world, in which there is a mountain, a big peach tree covering three thousand miles, and a golden rooster at the top of the tree. Whenever the golden rooster crows in the morning, the ghost who travels at night will rush back to the ghost domain. The Gate of Ghost Domain is located in the northeast of Peach Tree District. There are two gods standing by the door, named Shen Tu and Lei Yu. If the ghost does something unnatural at night, Shen Tu and Lei Yu will immediately find it, catch it, tie it up with a rope made of Miscanthus and give it to the tiger. So all the ghosts in the world are afraid of Shen Tu and Lei Yu. So people carved them into peach trees and put them at their doorsteps to ward off evil spirits and prevent harm. Later, people simply carved the names of Shen Tu and Lei Yu on the mahogany board, thinking that this could also eliminate disasters. This kind of red board was later called "Fu Tao".
In the Song Dynasty, people began to write couplets on mahogany boards, one for killing evil spirits, the other for expressing good wishes, and the third for decorating the portal for beauty. They also write couplets on red paper symbolizing happiness and good luck, and stick them on both sides of doors and windows during the Spring Festival to express people's good wishes for good luck in the coming year. In order to pray for the longevity of the family, people in some places still keep the habit of sticking up doors. It is said that there are two door gods posted on the gate, and all monsters will be afraid. Zhong Kui, a ghost hunter who is highly regarded by people, is such a grotesque figure. Therefore, the folk door gods are always glaring and ferocious, holding all kinds of traditional weapons in their hands, ready to fight against ghosts who dare to come to the door. After the Tang Dynasty, besides peace, people also regarded Qin and Weichi Gong, two military commanders in the Tang Dynasty, as gatekeepers. According to legend, Emperor Taizong was ill, heard ghosts screaming outside, and stayed up all night. So he asked the two generals to stand by with weapons in their hands, and there was no ghost harassment the next night. Later, Emperor Taizong had the images of these two generals painted and pasted on the door, and this custom began to spread widely among the people. Because the doors of China's house are usually two opposite doors, the door gods are always paired.