First, the hazards of second-hand smoke to people around you are:

1. Induced respiratory diseases Second-hand smoke contains tar, nicotine, suspended particles and other harmful substances and carcinogens, and people often smoke second-hand smoke. These harmful substances enter the airway, stimulate airway mucosa, and often induce respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, lung cancer and so on. 2. Induced cancer Secondhand smoke contains dozens of carcinogens. Long-term secondhand smoke, repeatedly stimulated by these carcinogens, may induce cancer. Generally, people who smoke secondhand smoke for a long time are much more likely to suffer from malignant diseases such as lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer and leukemia than others.

3. People who induce coronary heart disease often smoke secondhand smoke passively, and their blood lipids will be abnormal, blood viscosity will increase, and myocardial tissue will often be destroyed, so the risk of coronary heart disease will be greatly increased.

2. I think the most effective way to discourage relatives from quitting smoking is to change their own cognition.

1. Cognitive therapy can be used. Cognitive therapy is a kind of psychotherapy method that changes patients' bad cognition through cognitive and behavioral techniques according to the theoretical hypothesis that cognitive process affects emotion and behavior. We can show our elders pictures of smokers' lungs compared with those of normal people, articles on the dangers of smoking, and even some examples of diseases caused by smoking, so that elders can realize the horror of smoking and the harm of smoking to themselves and others.

At the same time, we can show the elders the benefits of quitting smoking, so that they can be more motivated to quit smoking. For example,

(1) The benefits of quitting smoking to the heart, blood pressure and blood system will appear after just one day. After quitting smoking for one year, the excess risk of coronary heart disease is reduced by half compared with that of continuing smokers.

(2) After quitting smoking for 5-15 years, the risk of stroke dropped to the level of never-smokers. There are also the benefits of quitting smoking for 1 years and 15 years, etc., which can be shown to the elders.

2. Secondly, systematic desensitization therapy can be used. This method is to let the elders gradually reduce their smoking behavior and finally achieve the goal of quitting smoking. If this method is adopted, we should also pay attention to helping our elders build up confidence in quitting smoking. But I believe that in the process of quitting smoking, elders will have anxiety or avoidance behavior, so it is very important to ask elders not to avoid it. At the same time, after the success of each small stage, we should communicate with our elders and praise them more. Elders also need encouragement!

3. We can also ask our elders to try using melon seeds, chewing gum, fruits, etc. instead of smoking, and there are smoking cessation recipes. Family members can search for such recipes and give them to the elders who smoke, and one will also have a good effect.