There are many folk festivals of Zhuang nationality, such as Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival, as well as festivals full of national characteristics, such as prime of life, Ox King Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Mai Kuai Festival and Song Festival on March 3. Taboos in festivals vary from place to place.
Avoid swearing on new year's day, or you will have bad breath; Avoid saying colors, or you will attract ants, bugs and fleas; Avoid saying the names of birds and animals, or the seedlings will be affected; Avoid borrowing things, or your family will lose money and you will become a beggar; Avoid sweeping the floor, otherwise it will damage the fortune; Girls should avoid eating zongzi, otherwise they will be bored and unreasonable; Avoid slaughtering livestock, otherwise it will damage the prosperity of aquaculture; Avoid cooking new meals and eat all the leftovers on New Year's Eve, which shows that the mind is willing but unable to do so every year. When the Zhuang people in Guizhou reach their prime of life, villagers are forbidden to leave the village and outsiders are forbidden to enter the village from New Year's Eve to the third day.
The eighth day of April is the festival of the ox king, and cows are not allowed to serve on this day. In addition to cleaning the cowshed and worshiping Niu Wangmo, every household should wash the cows and be kind to them. On that day, it is forbidden to scold and beat the cow, otherwise it will be considered that the cow will get sick and cannot be cultivated for one year. In the southwest of Guangxi, when people celebrate the first first frost Festival, they also respect cows, let them rest for three days and forbid whipping. During this period, the cow died unexpectedly, so people could only bury it and not eat its meat.
The Mid-Autumn Festival on July 14 is the most solemn festival for most Zhuang people, and it usually begins on July 7. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a ghost festival, and people avoid ghosts everywhere. On July 14, everyone was hiding at home, afraid of being taken away by ghosts when they went out. In some places, doors are either closed or hung with "ghost-avoiding cards" made of peach branches and thatch to prevent ghosts from entering the house. Children are forbidden to swim and climb trees before and after the festival for fear of encountering water ghosts or other evil spirits.
On August 15 Mid-Autumn Festival, generally only women worship the moon, but men don't. Because the moon is cloudy and the man is yang, I am afraid of making mistakes. In some places, you can't eat all the moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival, but you must leave one, lest the moon never appear again and the night will be dark forever.
2. Planting taboos
Agriculture is the main production category of Zhuang nationality, which is divided into paddy field agriculture and dry land agriculture. The main crops planted are rice, and others are corn, potatoes, dry valleys, beans, wheat and peanuts. Farming in most places is quite fine, but in mountainous areas, the harvest is still relatively low due to the influence of production conditions. In the long historical development process, in order to pray for a bumper harvest and ensure the smooth progress of production, the Zhuang nationality has stipulated some corresponding taboos. From spring ploughing to harvest, we pay attention to the choice and sacrifice of auspicious days.
The Zhuang people in daxin county even formed the "Transplanting Festival". From the first day to the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, people choose an auspicious day to hold the opening ceremony, which is presided over by local officials, village elders or parents. The host must shave his head in the early morning of the festival, put on new clothes, and walk to Tian Dong before the night is dark and the voices are silent. You can't talk back on the road. When you arrive in Tiandong, plant some seedlings in the field. Only after this ceremony can the whole village or family start transplanting rice at dawn. Otherwise, it is considered unlucky. The Zhuang people in Pingxiang have similar customs. After they chose the auspicious day for spring planting, the married women in each household washed their hands with boiled water from peach leaves, then inserted the thatch into the plowed fields to form a cross, burned incense and recited incantations, and prayed for a smooth and fruitful spring planting before transplanting rice. Widows or pregnant women are not allowed to attend this ceremony, so they can only ask other women to do it for them. In addition, when transplanting rice seedlings, you don't have to hold them by hand, but throw them into the field from the air.
Planting dry land is also particular. Zhuang people in western Guangxi must have a full stomach when sowing dry land crops, and all kinds of crops should be planted at the same time, which means "one seed falls to the ground and ten thousand seeds sprout". When sowing, you can't look back at the seeds that have been planted, and you can't talk about birds and animals or things related to crop growth and harvest, let alone being hungry. After sowing, you must break a branch and insert it in the middle of the field, and put a handful of fields for farmers to step out of the fields from the branches. This practice is called fief. It is believed that the crops will grow well after this ceremony.
There are also planting taboos for picking vegetables and avoiding squatting. Avoid squatting when picking vegetables in the garden. It is believed that the posture of bending must be taken when picking, otherwise it means that the bud will be broken, and then the branches and leaves can not be regenerated, resulting in reduced production and poor harvest.
On this day, Grain Rain is not allowed to make a fire or smoke outside. Legend has it that the gods are making rain, such as burning fire and smoking, which will make the rain gods injured and unable to make rain, thus causing drought. If it is early in the morning, please ask the teacher to pray for rain; Everyone walks around the village with a dog, beating the dog while walking, and the dog barks constantly. The master then burned incense and recited scriptures, praying for the rain god to send down showers.
3. Feeding contraindications
The family sideline of Zhuang nationality mainly includes raising and fishing. The cow they value most is the cow, because the cow is the main productive animal power and has always been taken care of. They don't wait on cows on frightened days, and there is a saying that "frightened cows give birth to lice". On the eighth day of April, it is the festival of cattle soul, and neither Japanese nor cattle work. People will feed cows with delicious food and offer sacrifices to Niu Wangmo.
Pigs are the main source of meat for people, but ordinary farmers don't keep boars, and only widowers keep boars as their business. In some places, if the sow has only two litters, it must be slaughtered immediately, otherwise it will be considered as losing money and causing no peace at home. In some places, sows have to avoid the door when giving birth, and people with foreign surnames are not allowed to enter. Its sign is to insert a grapefruit leaf and red paper at the gate and hang a steelyard next to the pigsty. Zhuang people in Hechi buy pigs to raise, and they should recite auspicious words like "320, 400 Jin" in their mouths, praying that pigs will grow up quickly. If not, they think that pigs will not grow up. In some places, new pigs just bought from outside are not allowed to enter the pen without "going through the door". The practice is to burn a fire at the entrance of the pigsty or the first threshold for pigs to enter the pigsty. Water is distributed to pigs when they are carried over the fire. At the same time, the main population also prayed for "36720", hoping that pigs could grow to this weight. Most people who splash water are housewives. It is believed that after washing with fire and water, pigs will gain weight after being washed away. Guests or widows are not allowed to boast that the livestock and poultry of the host family grow fast, which is the opposite. In addition, the double yellow eggs, black eggs or soft-shelled eggs laid by chickens are also regarded as bad news and a sign of disaster.
Zhuang people often fish in ditches and rivers in proper seasons. In some places, it is forbidden for Zhuang people to pee in the fish dam, so as not to offend the fish god. Autotrophic fish ponds are prohibited from fishing, only fishing.
4. Trade taboos
In the past, commodity trading in Zhuang areas was mainly limited to agricultural and sideline products and daily industrial products. People should follow certain rules when purchasing such important means of production as cattle. Once the deal is made, the seller of cattle must give the buyer a cow rope, hit the cow on the back with this rope and say something that will make the buyer happy and auspicious. Otherwise, it means that the seller is dishonest and the cow won't stay in the new home for long. When selling piglets in the market, feed them well in advance to avoid selling hungry pigs. Deduct the weight of pig cage and pig food after the transaction.
There are trade taboos in Huangwutun and Dasi in Qinzhou City, Guangxi. Doing trade goods at home, or the place where the goods to be sold will go out, means that it is difficult for family members or outsiders to sell goods when they stand at home across the threshold. Therefore, when conducting trade-related affairs, it is extremely forbidden for anyone to stand on the threshold, and when sending the sold-out goods, you must not stay on the threshold or walk backwards, otherwise it will be considered unlucky.
5. Handicraft taboo
The cottage industry of Zhuang nationality includes textile, carpentry, wine-making and paper-making. Textile mills are run by women. When the yarns are arranged on the machine, the weavers must wash their hands and comb their hair, and can't talk about chaos and breakage. Otherwise, they think that yarns are easy to be confused, threads are easy to break, and cloth can't be woven. Most craftsmen are men. In some areas, if Zhuang carpenters are unmarried or have no boys after marriage, they will not build wedding beds or ladders for others. If you build a house for less than three years, you won't help people make coffins; You can't make wedding furniture for others less than 1 month. In some places, carpenters must choose auspicious days or double days to build plows, waterwheels or dowry. All these craftsmen make rules to get good luck and avoid bad luck.
6. Forestry taboo
Forestry is also an important production category of Zhuang nationality, and many places attach importance to afforestation activities. In the past, Zhuang people could only plant trees straight at the waist, fearing that bending down to plant trees would not grow straight, or even people would bow their waist forever. Some tree species, such as peach, bamboo, banana, etc., are taboo for young people, who think that if planted, they will hinder their future development and survival. In some places, children are forbidden to grow bamboo, thinking that bamboo will be cut down when it grows up. If children take part in planting bamboo, their future fate will be as unlucky as bamboo. When cutting down trees, you should cut down the old ones and leave the young ones. After being cut down, you should grab a branch and stick it in the axe mouth of the root to express your prayers for their growth again. No axe, cut these roots. In some places, it is forbidden to cut down tung trees, because tung trees are homophonic with children. This custom still exists today.
Go up the mountain to collect firewood together. Don't export words such as "death", "injury", "blood", "ghost" and "smelly", or the audience will condemn you. When you are injured and bleeding, you can only say the word "red", not blood; Say it smells good, in case it's bad. Legend has it that mountain gods get angry when they hear unlucky words, and people will fall off cliffs or get hurt.
7. Hunting taboos
Until modern times, some Zhuang people were still engaged in hunting activities during the slack season. If they collectively hunt wild boar and other beasts, there are many taboos. First of all, you can't hunt on the fifth, fourteenth and 23rd nights of the lunar calendar. Secondly, you can't hunt while eating, you lose your chopsticks, you meet dogs, and snakes get in the way.
8. Life taboos
The life taboos of Zhuang nationality are complicated, mainly reflected in life, diet, social interaction and so on. Especially living, the most exquisite. When building a house, we should pay attention to the choice of foundation and auspicious day, and avoid causing ominous things when building. In some places, it is beneficial for strong people to build houses with doors facing south. If they can't face the south, they choose the east and avoid facing the west or the north. Because going to the west is "going back to the west", which not only makes people unemployed, but also makes people die. Going north means "losing" and "falling", which is also unlucky. There can be no trees at the gate, which means that the future is hopeless, the road of life is blocked, the family is not rich, there can be no east water, and money is afraid to go with the water. During the period of building houses, people often automatically avoid unlucky things such as funerals, do not spend the night outside, do not eat dog meat, and husband and wife also have their own rooms. Every key process of building a house should be carried out on an auspicious day, especially on the beams. The ceremony is grand and the most concerned. Most of the strong don't go to the beam at noon, fearing that future generations will be unfilial; Don't say unlucky things when you are on the beam, and don't let animals fight and bite people on the house, for fear that the main house will not be peaceful in the future. In addition, different places also have some different stresses, such as opening the door in the middle, opening the door on the left, or staggering the front and rear doors. Are based on the idea of avoiding poverty and poor people.
The home of Zhuang nationality is centered on the shrine. There is a hall in front of the shrine, and bedrooms or guest rooms in the back, left and right. Only the male owner has the right to live in the room behind the shrine. When guests arrive home, male guests are not allowed to enter the middle door. If the guests are husband and wife, they can't live together at night. Violators should hang red in the main house, or give red envelopes, hang red cloth on the bed, and shoot to exorcise evil spirits. Or buy meat to kill chickens and ask teachers to do things for their families. In some places, married daughters take their sons-in-law home and cannot live together. People in Longlin County, Guangxi believe that women's menstruation is "unclean", especially avoiding their daughter-in-law sleeping upstairs, which will be blamed by their ancestors.
Zhuang people have no strict taboos on food choice. In the past, some people didn't eat beef, probably because they worshipped and cherished cows. Some people forbid eating dog meat, while others regard it as a treasure and tonic. However, when dining with powerful people in various places, there are quite a few manners. They generally respect the old and love the young, and treat their guests warmly. The younger generation should bring a bowl of rice to the elders, and use both hands when handing the bowl, avoiding using one hand and presenting it around the back of the old man; The elderly only sit in the main seat, others can't sit casually, and the delicious food should be given to the elderly first. In some places, girls should pay attention to holding chopsticks when eating. Chopsticks fell to the ground and had to be picked up and washed before use. Changing chopsticks is forbidden. They think that changing chopsticks means changing husbands after marriage, or being widowed or divorced. When guests arrive home, the host often gives them a banquet. In some places, there is a custom of "leaving guests with empty tables", that is, the host puts tables, bowls, chopsticks, cups and other things on the table after the guests arrive to show sincere hospitality. Guests cannot refuse at this time. In some places, a guest, a host and a guest have to eat rim once, so it is impolite not to eat rim. As long as you taste a little in every home, you will be loved and do your best.
Zhuang people have dietary taboos and don't eat dead chickens in cages. People believe that people under middle age should avoid eating chickens that die in cages, otherwise it will mean "dying in prison".
In the social communication of Zhuang nationality, people pay great attention to etiquette, and everyone should be addressed according to their age, identity and status, especially the elderly should not be called by their first names. They are used to adding "big" or "low" before girls' names and "special" or "day" before boys' names. Men and women with sons are called "father of so-and-so" or "mother of so-and-so", and old people with grandchildren are called "husband of so-and-so" and "breast of so-and-so". Even childless couples can't call each other by their first names.
In daily entertainment, people should observe some taboos. In some places, powerful people don't congratulate each other if their brothers or relatives and friends marry their daughters-in-law in the same year, because congratulating others means giving their luck to others, and they will be unlucky. Not only that, they don't want each other to congratulate themselves, and they are no strangers to each other. In some places, if you congratulate others on moving, you must send two gifts to show yes-men, not one, otherwise it will be unlucky.
Zhuang people have the custom of "adding food to prolong life". After the old man's 60th birthday, his descendants will prepare a small jar for him to hold longevity pills. Usually, if you have a minor illness, take some rice from the jar and cook it, but don't eat all the rice, or the number of old people will be exhausted. The rice in the jar should be added, but it can only be added when Chongyang respects the elderly, and it is filled at one time. People think that the Double Ninth Festival is an auspicious day for people to enjoy their 99th birthday. Eating extra meals on this day is to make up their longevity, and they can live to 100 years old. The custom of "adding food to prolong life" expresses the best wishes of Zhuang families for the elderly to enjoy their old age.
Avoid bamboo flowering. People think that bamboo blossoms are ominous. If the flowering bamboo is near the house, it indicates that there will be disaster in this family and famine outside the village. Therefore, bamboo must be cut down immediately to eliminate the disaster.
Avoid spitting in front of others. It is impolite to spit or spit in front of others. Will offend others.
When you are away from home, don't break bowls and go out to do things, such as breaking dishes or cooking uncooked rice. This is "karma for your ancestors" and is not good for doing things.
Longlin County, Guangxi, avoids putting out stove fires. On the third day of the first lunar month, the stove fire has been burning and can't be put out, which means that fireworks continue all year round.
Don't eat eggs while riding a horse. You can't eat eggs when driving a horse in Longlin County, Guangxi, otherwise the horse will turn over on the same day.
Don't whistle at night. People think that you can't whistle at night, or you will attract ghosts to follow.
9. Marriage and fertility taboos
Zhuang people are intermarried, and people of the same family are not allowed to intermarry. Many places can't help but want to get married with the same surname, but in western Guangxi, some powerful people regard "marriage with the same surname" as "climbing the ashes", which is prohibited by society. In the process of marriage, the role of tertiary rights is quite prominent, and in some places the opinions of tertiary rights even play a decisive role. There is a popular saying that "the biggest in the sky is Lei Gong, and the biggest underground is Uncle Gong".
Zhuang people have the custom that Lei Gong forbids marriage. According to legend, from August of the lunar calendar to February of the New Year, Raytheon closed his door to sleep, and the world was peaceful, which was an auspicious season, during which people were chosen to get married. From March to July, Lei Gong went out to act, and thunder rumbled from time to time, prohibiting marriage between people. If there is an offender, he will be punished by Lei Gong, and his marriage will be inappropriate and his family will be unhappy. Therefore, in order to avoid taboos, there is generally no blind date, engagement or marriage during this period.
Young men and women in mashan county, Guangxi, are dating. When we meet for the first time, don't make an example for entertainment, otherwise the talks will collapse in nine cases out of ten. Killing chickens and ducks is considered unlucky, and marriage is naturally difficult.
In the past, people generally practiced the custom of staying indoors. In some places, it was considered immoral and unlucky for the bride and groom to share the same room on their wedding night. There are different customs in different places in the ceremony of receiving relatives and visiting relatives. Some people have to go out at a certain time and arrive at the groom's house or the bride's house at a certain time (uxorilocal marriage) There is a ceremony of bamboo doors or their evil spirits in fashion, which is intended to stop the ghosts and evil spirits brought by newcomers.
Married women should not touch the incense table. When a married daughter goes back to her mother's house, she can't reach what is put on the altar.
There are some special taboos for pregnant women, parturients and newborns in Zhuang society, aiming at avoiding offending ancestors, attracting ghosts to ward off evil spirits and ensuring the safety of women and children.
Women should avoid some taboos when they are pregnant. If you don't eat dog meat and Chili, you're afraid of causing fetal distress. If there is a pregnant woman at home who can't repair the house and tools, and the pregnant woman's bed can't move, she is also afraid of bad luck.
In children's homes, insert more items outside the door as a sign to prevent outsiders from entering the wrong place and bringing ominous. In some places, pomelo leaves or yellow leaves are inserted, in some places, small bags made of yellow cloth or red cloth are hung, and in some places, a handful of grass or grass is tied. Don't throw away your baby's placenta. Some strong people wrapped it in straw and quietly tied it to the east of the tree in the dead of night. There was fruit behind the tree. It is shaped like an adult carrying a child, symbolizing the continuous prosperity of future generations.
Delivery room taboo. It is forbidden for men and outsiders to enter the delivery room, otherwise it will be unlucky; Lighting is not allowed in the delivery room, otherwise it will be unlucky and harmful to people; Don't turn over the cupboard in the delivery room for a month, and don't turn over the tile cover in the delivery room, otherwise the baby's soul will be shocked.
Women in Longlin County, Guangxi should avoid thunder when sewing children's suspenders, otherwise the children will get sick or even die young. Therefore, no matter how many stitches you sew, when it thunders, you should tear it down and sew it for another day, and make a bag of glutinous rice in your strap to make it smell, so as to eliminate the bad omen.
In the past, Zhuang children were most afraid of meeting pregnant women on the way, fearing that their future studies would be affected and their intelligence would be hindered. Therefore, they have to go out to school at dawn on the first day of school.
10. Funeral taboos
Zhuang people are buried in the earth, and those who die suddenly have to go through special ceremonies before they can be buried. Boning burial is prevalent in many areas, which is regarded as a key step in reincarnation.
In some places, Zhuang people think it is ominous to die in bed. When the old man was dying, they carried him to the mat on the ground. After death, many places use grapefruit leaves to boil water to bathe the dead and put on shroud. Shrouds are mostly odd, or clothes and pants can't add up to even. Some places stipulate that a shroud must be white. Some Zhuang people go to relatives' homes to report their funeral, and they can only report to their own funeral homes after the other party asks someone to scatter ashes at the door and threshold. In some places, the filial piety man goes to his uncle's house to pay homage, but he can't go straight to his uncle's door. They are going to kneel at the door and cry bitterly. My uncle and parents can't stand up without help. Therefore, some unfilial sons must kneel at the door of their uncle's house and cry for a long time when reporting the funeral. During the period from the death of the deceased to his death, people who have lost their families often avoid eating. In some places, pork is forbidden, in others, only vegetarian food such as tofu is eaten, and Zhuang people in Guizhou also avoid salt. Filial children are often forbidden to wash and dress, or go barefoot or have long hair. Dai Xiao wakes up the dead. The coffin is buried before it is allowed to go out. Those who have to go out must wear bamboo hats. However, there is a rule in Dai Xiao that the younger generation gives Dai Xiao to the elder, and the elder does not give it to the younger generation. Neither his wife nor his late husband is Dai Xiao. Most of the mourning clothes are white. When the body is buried, relatives can't cry with the coffin or with the body. I am afraid that tears will fall into coffins or dead people, which will bring bad luck. Funeral customs vary from place to place, and in some places, daughters-in-law do not attend in-laws' funerals. In some places, after the undertaker comes home, he washes his hands with peach leaf water to drive away evil spirits. Filial piety varies from place to place, and the period of filial piety is long and short, but it is common to wear mourning clothes, be vegetarian, not sleep in bed, not have fun, and not shave their heads. And express grief over the loss of loved ones through abstinence.
For those who died of violence and violence, their funerals have special ceremonies. Everywhere, altars are set up to cross over, or ceremonies such as "going to the knife mountain" and "crossing over" are held. It is believed that the dead can get rid of bad luck and can be classified as ancestral graves. In some areas, the dead are buried by leaning over or sideways, or jars or altars are used instead of coffins, so that the dead can be buried in it. As for those who die outside the village, it is generally impossible to carry the bodies back to the village or home, or bury them on the spot, or bury them outside the village after crossing the altar. Take it into the village for fear of attracting evil spirits.
1 1. Totem taboo of religious belief
In the history of Zhuang people, they believed in the primitive religion of animism, and Taoism had a profound influence on social life. People's words and deeds are often guided by the religious thought of combining witchcraft and Taoism and the concept of ghosts and gods. They believe that everything has a soul, many things can be refined, and people must worship them. The big trees and hillsides beside each village are regarded as sacred trees and mountains, and people are not allowed to cut down, open up wasteland and build graves. Be careful when cutting trees, mowing grass and hunting on the mountain, and worship the mountain gods. In some places, it is forbidden for Zhuang people to pick up the pork of plague god in the village, or throw dead cats, mice, snakes, chicken feathers and other filthy things in the village for fear of angering the gods and spreading diseases. Therefore, some villages have specially built "poisoning villages" to deal with the above-mentioned filthy things. In addition to the worship of gods, people also pay more attention to sacrificing society. In the past, there were fixed social sacrifice days all over the country. In southwest Guangxi, newly-married women must take their husbands back to their parents' homes to attend sacrificial ceremonies, otherwise they think that the husband and wife will be deaf in the future. In Guizhou, it is the prime of life (December of the lunar calendar is the first year), and the Zhuang people worship collectively on New Year's Eve, with a solemn atmosphere. Women and pregnant women's husbands are not allowed to attend sacrificial ceremonies, and participants are forbidden to wear white or colored clothes, otherwise it is considered that the harvest in that year was not good and the animals were in trouble.
In daily life, in order to avoid being disturbed by ghosts and gods, people often use various utensils to ward off evil spirits and seek peace. They believe that mirrors, jade, gold or sewing needles can ward off evil spirits, so they often hang or bring such items at home when they go out. In some places, when women go out, they pull a straw on the road, or put it on their children's straps, or put it at the intersection behind them or by the water, which means to drive away the tracking of wild ghosts. In some places, strong people go out with their children on their backs and pass by the water. They throw some coins into the water to buy their children a safe journey.
Zhuang people worship frogs, and it is forbidden to prey on frogs in places where frogs are totems. They think that the frog is the son of King Lei, and if he is killed, he will be struck by lightning. In their lives, examples of frog worship can be seen everywhere. Up to now, there is a simple and grand grasshopper festival in some places in western Guangxi, that is, a festival to sacrifice frogs.
It is taboo for Zhuang people to pee on God. Worship of the temple community can't pee there. For example, you can't pee in the country, the altar, the local public, the flower god and the grave. If you violate the ban, you must kill the chicken to apologize and seek forgiveness.
Zhuang people are forbidden to enter ghost markets. The public cemetery near the village is called "drinking hair", which means "ghost market". Under normal circumstances, villagers do not enter the "ghost market", otherwise there will be ominous signs; Occasionally, people mistakenly enter the "ghost market" at night, thinking that it is caused by ghosts.
Closing villages is an ancient belief and custom of Zhuang nationality. Plague is prevalent in the village, and it is considered as a ghost, so two or three Taoist priests should be invited to exorcise the ghost and seal off the village. After each Taoist priest sacrificed pork or mutton to God, he went to burn it outside the village, talking about God in a low voice and holding a paper boat. After coming back, I inserted a wooden "forbidden card" at the entrance of the village and every door, and wrote the words "order Beidou to destroy ghosts". It is believed that after exorcising ghosts and closing the village, wild ghosts can no longer enter the village, and people and animals can live in peace. During the period of village closure, outsiders are forbidden to enter the village, and offenders will be punished by asking teachers to wash the village.
It is forbidden to cut down trees near the village. The people think that the mountain is a place where the dead and wounded live, so they are particularly awed, and logging, land reclamation and grave building are forbidden. Especially the back hill of the village is considered as the residence of the gods who protect the peace of the village. Cutting is absolutely forbidden and offenders are severely punished. Therefore, the front and back of Zhuang villages are densely forested, with towering old trees and flowing springs.
Picking fire is a belief custom of Zhuang nationality. Before moving to a new house, we should hold a simple ceremony to pick up the fire, that is, draw a fire from the stove in the old house and light the stove in the new house. The moral is to ensure that our fireworks will never go out. Don't move things into the new house until you get a fire.
Zhuang people are forbidden to step on the stove. People are not allowed to step on the stove with their feet, nor can they beat the stove with utensils, otherwise they will offend the kitchen god.
Zhuang people are forbidden to cook dog meat at home. People believe that cooking dog meat on the kitchen stove at home will desecrate the kitchen god and attract dangerous things.
It is an omen taboo for Zhuang people to avoid seeing snakes mating. When you meet a snake, it is considered as a sign of death, and a catastrophe is coming. Death, disability, injury and serious illness are inevitable. In order to resolve the ominous sign, people in trouble should immediately throw their money on the road or hang their good clothes on the side of the road for passers-by to take away, so that the disaster can be transferred with things.
It is an omen taboo for Zhuang people to avoid throwing bird droppings on their heads. If an individual is accidentally sprinkled with bird droppings in the sky, it is considered to be the greatest ominous sign. Will suffer disasters, minor injuries, and general death. If we are careful and perfect everywhere, we can avoid the catastrophe of the day, but there is still a catastrophe lurking in the years. You can't relax until after the new year.
Avoiding crying is a kind of omen taboo among Zhuang people. If crows fly to the village to crow, it is considered ominous, and people will die in the village within one to three days. If you fly over someone's head and scream, this person or his relatives will be in great trouble. You must be careful, pay attention and avoid danger.
Avoiding raw rice is an omen taboo of Zhuang nationality. Going out to do things is the most taboo to cook raw rice into mature rice. People think this is an ominous omen, and there will be a disaster or catastrophe soon, so they have to rearrange their work. We should also ask God to worship Buddha and ask teachers to be fair and just to eliminate disasters.
It is an omen taboo for Zhuang people to avoid crowing at dusk. When night falls, if the rooster crows suddenly or the hen croakes, it is considered an ominous sign. At home, money may be lost, stolen, caught on fire, or someone may get sick. If you immediately throw away the crow's head and unscrew it, you can avoid everything.