Therefore, it is really remarkable that stones can be regarded as national treasures in the Tang Dynasty. They are from the Qin Dynasty, and one * * has 10, which is collected in the Palace Museum.
Qin Shigu, also known as Chen Cang Shigu, was praised by Kang Youwei as "the first antique in China". Of course, they are not real drums, but they are named because they look like drums. Stone drums are engraved with words, and their stories can also be said to be a laundry list.
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We adjusted the timeline to 627 AD.
At this time, it was the first year of Zhenguan, the world was at the beginning, the decree was prosperous, and Chang 'an in Tang Dou was increasingly prosperous. In Sanchayuan, Tianxing (now Baoji, Shaanxi), not far from Chang 'an, the old shepherd was herding sheep on the mountain as usual, and he accidentally saw the dark stone of 10.
Shiguli (qiān) Li (y)
These stones are similar in size and shape. The old man felt a little strange and told others. Before long, the soil on the stone was brushed off, and the stone was full of mysterious words, which no one could recognize. This strange thing has been passed down from mouth to mouth, and strange theories about ghosts and gods have come out. Soon, nearby villagers came to burn incense and bow down, and regarded it as a sacred stone.
Of course, the literati also heard the news and extended the study of words. But they didn't figure out what these words were after all. As time goes on, the "sacred stone" becomes more mysterious.
In fact, there are 7 18 words engraved on the stone drum, and only more than 300 words can be clearly identified today. These are world-famous Shi Guwen and pre-Qin scripts.
The age of the stone drum has been controversial since its discovery in the Tang Dynasty. It is said that the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qin, Han, Jin, Northern Wei, Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties all existed. Later, the content, font and calligraphy style were researched by epigraphists, and it was identified as a relic of Qin State. However, Qin Wengong, Qin Mugong, Qin Xianggong, Qin Xiangong, etc. Said there was no consensus on the exact age.
In the more than 100 years after the discovery of the stone drum, it did not attract a higher level of attention, but only spread among the people. It was not until the Anshi Rebellion that Su Zong took refuge in Fengxiang House in Yongcheng, Hengli, that Shi Gu was learned by Su Zong. He ordered the 10 stone to be moved down the mountain and transported to Yongcheng. But it didn't take long for the disorderly army to capture Fengxiang. Su Zong left in a hurry and moved the stone drum to the suburbs again, claiming that it was damaged.
Two years later, the rebellion was put down, and the stone drum was found on nine sides. Han Yu, a great writer, knew the importance of stone drums and wrote to the court, hoping to transport them to Chang 'an Imperial College for preservation, but he didn't get a response from the court. It was not until eight years later that it was replayed and preserved by local officials, and the stone drum was moved to the local Confucius Temple and regarded as a national treasure. Wei and Han Yu wrote "Shigu Song" to express it.
Unfortunately, after the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty was always stormy, and the stone drum was lost again at the end of the Tang Dynasty.
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Time came to the Northern Song Dynasty. Many emperors in the Song Dynasty had a literati heart, and Renzong was such an emperor. He promised high officials a generous salary and ordered people to look for stone drums. Many things happen. These nine stone drums were really discovered by Sima Chi, the magistrate of Fengxiang, the father of Sima Guang. Only the lost side of the Tang Dynasty is still missing.
However, Sima Chi, who was eager for success, did something very miscalculated. He wanted to dedicate all the drums of 10 to injong, but he couldn't find the lost "original stone drum", so this guy made a fake ... and presented 9 real stone drums and 1 fake stone drum together. ...
Injong himself is a lover of traditional culture. There are so many real cultural relics in the palace, and there are countless learned officials. If you want to fool all of them ... I'm afraid you have to be lucky to win the lottery ... Sima Chi certainly didn't have the luck and was exposed.
After this storm, Zuoyuan Ishigaki became famous and was later found in a butcher shop. The world-famous stone drum was used as a sharpening stone by butchers.
Renzong, who has collected all the stone drums, can't put it down. Besides, he is a calligrapher himself, and the words on the stone really attract him.
The words on each drum are a poem. These characters are poems written in big seal script, which is the earliest existing group of stone carvings in China. Legend has it that Da Zhuan was created by Taishi, so it is also called Da Zhuan. Wen Shu's style was neat and steady, which was popular in Qin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was further simplified and simplified in the process of popularization.
Shi Guwen's calligraphy is of primitive simplicity, and Kang Youwei said, "If the earth is rich in gold and the grass is like a cloud, you will have your own unique talents if you don't work hard." Some calligraphers in Qing Dynasty also benefited from this, and Wu Dacheng and Wu Changshuo were all influenced by it.
In Song Huizong, not to mention the status of Shigu. Although the most cowardly emperors in the past dynasties all had the name of Hui Zong, the most literate emperors in the past dynasties ranked second and first. Therefore, the stone drum was treated with gold ... Hui Zong ordered people to fill in gold between the text slots of the stone drum.
Later, Hui Zong was taken captive to Yanjing by the nomads from the army, and Shigu was also captured. But the Jin people didn't know its value. They just pried the gold open and threw the stone drum in the wilderness. The stone drum was lost again. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the stone drum was discovered again and has been preserved in Beijing ever since.
Shigu-dancing water
Shiguwu people
By the 1930s, the Japanese invaders had approached Beijing. The cultural relics of the Forbidden City moved southward in batches, and the stone drums once again wandered around the land of China, almost being taken to Taiwan Province Province by Chiang Kai-shek.
The earliest rubbings of Shigu civilization in the Palace Museum were collected by Sun in Ming Dynasty, which is a famous rare book in China.
Today, the 10 stone drum is quietly preserved in the Forbidden City and enjoys the prosperity with us.
A few years ago, Qin Shigu was also selected as a cultural relic in China, Nine Treasures.
Written by: You Xiaoyou | Senior media person and columnist