When is weaning good?
With the growth of children, the nutrition provided by breast milk can no longer meet the needs of children's growth and development. Generally, it can be weaned in 9 ~ 12 months. In areas lacking dairy products or other milk substitutes, weaning can be appropriately delayed to about 1.5 years old.
However, there is no hard and fast rule about the age of weaning. If the mother has more milk, it can be fed for a longer time, and the weaning is generally around 1 year. There is little breast milk, but children are willing to eat milk or other foods at the same time, or they can eat more for a while. If breast milk is low and children are unwilling to eat dairy products and other foods, they should be weaned earlier, up to 6 months in advance.
Wrong weaning method
(1) Apply irritants such as ink, pepper water and tiger balm to nipples. For the baby, this is simply cruel "torture". The mother thought that the baby would be disgusted with breast milk and give up, but the result was counterproductive. It is strange that the baby is not frightened and will refuse to eat because of fear, thus affecting his health. That's great. Breast milk is not bad, and everything else that should be eaten is bad.
(2) weaning suddenly, sending the baby to her mother's family or husband's family, and not seeing the baby for a few days or even a long time. Weaning does not require separation of mother and child. For the baby's mood, the mother's milk is gone, but she can't live without her mother! Long-term separation of mother and child will make babies feel insecure, especially those who rely heavily on breast milk. Because she can't see her mother, she will feel anxious, unwilling to eat, unwilling to communicate with others, fidgety, crying, not sleeping well, and even getting sick and emaciated. The milk is not ready, and it also affects the baby's physical and mental health, which is really not worth the candle.
(3) Some mothers don't drink soup, but also hold their breasts with towels and seal their nipples with tape, trying to hold the milk back. These so-called "quick-acting weaning methods" obviously violate the physiological laws and easily cause breast pain. If the mother has too much milk and can't come back for a while, she can take some breast-returning drugs orally, such as diethylstilbestrol 5 mg each time, three times a day (diethylstilbestrol 1 mg 1 tablet, 5 tablets at a time). If she feels uncomfortable after eating, she can take vitamin B6. If the mother has different degrees of breast fullness after weaning, you can use a breast pump or manually suck out the milk and use raw malt at the same time.
Correct weaning method
Weaning is not only a matter for mothers and babies, but also for fathers in this process. The following suggestions are for your reference:
(1) Step by step, natural transition. The time and manner of weaning depend on many factors. Every mother and baby have different feelings about weaning, and the way of choice varies from person to person.
Fast weaning: If you are fully prepared, you and your baby can adapt, and the time for weaning is ripe, so you can quickly cut off your baby's breast milk. Especially in the case of objective factors, if the mother must travel for a period of time, it is likely that she will be completely weaned in a few days. If mother stops sucking milk after work, the milk will be cut off soon during the day.
Step by step weaning: If the baby relies heavily on breast milk, fast weaning may make the baby uncomfortable. If you attach great importance to breastfeeding and have time to accompany your baby every day, you may feel lost when you wean suddenly, so you can adopt the method of gradual weaning. Breastfeeding is reduced from 6 times a day to 5 times a day, and then gradually reduced until the mother and baby get used to it, until breastfeeding is completely cut off.
(2) Eat less breast milk and eat more milk. When you start weaning, you can give your baby some formula milk every day, or you can drink fresh whole milk. It should be noted that the baby should be encouraged to drink more milk, but as long as he wants to eat breast milk, the mother should not refuse him.
(3) Weaning before going to bed and at night. Most babies have the habit of feeding at midnight and before going to bed at night. Babies are active during the day, so it is easier not to feed them. I'm afraid the hardest thing to break is feeding before bed and in the middle of the night. You can wean at night and then before going to bed. At this time, you need the active cooperation of your father or family. When the baby is sleeping, the father or family can coax the baby to sleep instead, and the mother can avoid it for a while. If the baby can't see his mother, he will definitely cry at first, but he won't want to sleep after a little coaxing. When you are weaned, you will toss for a few days until the baby is not so noisy every time. Until one day, the baby will lie down before going to bed, without much trouble, and will not wake up in the middle of the night. Well, congratulations, the first battle of weaning was successful.
(4) To reduce dependence on mother, the role of father can not be ignored. Before weaning, we should consciously reduce the time for mothers to accompany their babies, increase the time for fathers to take care of their babies, and give them a psychological adaptation process. In the first stage of weaning, the baby will stick to its mother. At this time, dad can play with the baby more. The baby may be dissatisfied at first, but then he gets used to it. Let the baby know that dad will take care of him as well, and mom will definitely come back. Trust in dad will reduce the baby's dependence on mom.
(5) Cultivate children's good behavior habits. Before and after weaning, because of psychological guilt, mothers tend to indulge their babies and give them whatever they want, regardless of whether the baby's requirements are reasonable or not. But you should know that the more indulgent you are, the bigger your baby's temper will be. Before and after weaning, it is necessary for the mother to hug and caress the baby more, but don't give in to the baby's unreasonable demands easily. You can't form the baby's bad habits because of weaning. At this time, the father's reason is needed to balance the mother's emotional feelings. When the baby cries, the father will come forward to coordinate, and the baby will be easier to listen to.
Note: the baby's bad eating habits during weaning are caused by improper weaning methods, not the baby's fault. During weaning, the baby should learn to drink water and juice from a cup and eat with a small spoon, which can exercise the baby's ability to live independently.
Infant's diet after weaning
● Weaning and complementary food addition are carried out in parallel. It is not because of weaning that you started to eat complementary food, but because you have eaten complementary food well before weaning, so the addition of complementary food has not changed significantly before and after weaning, and weaning should not affect the normal addition of complementary food for your baby.
● What does the baby drink after weaning? As usual, in addition to feeding the baby milk during the day, you can also give the baby a small amount of diluted fresh juice and 1: 1 boiled water. If you are weaned before the age of one, you should drink infant formula. After one year old, the amount of breast milk will gradually decrease, and the amount of milk will gradually increase, but the total amount per day will remain basically the same (children from one to two years old should drink about 600 ml per day).
● What does the baby eat after weaning? One-year-old baby's diet arrangement throughout the day: five meals a day, three meals in the morning, noon and evening, and two snacks, emphasizing balanced diet and thick and thin collocation, rice flour and meat, based on the principle of breaking soft and rotten. Completely weaned (breast milk), the diet is mostly fixed three meals in the morning, noon and evening, and the transition from porridge to thick porridge and soft rice, from minced meat to minced meat, from mashed vegetables to minced meat. When the baby is almost one year old, he can train himself to eat and must be weaned (breast milk). If you continue to breastfeed your child, the child may not drink milk, have a bad appetite and have problems in all aspects of nutrition. But at the same time, we should add complementary food to our baby step by step, from less to more, from thin to thick, from fine to thick, and we are used to adding one after another. Wait until the child is healthy, the digestive function is normal, and the reaction is suspended for two days before resuming. The 8-month-old baby must gradually adapt to the transition from milk to food, and I believe the baby will adapt.
After weaning and feeding, babies need about 1 100 ~ 1200 kilocalories every day, which is 35 ~ 40 grams in protein, which is relatively high. Infants and young children are not suitable for eating solid food because of their poor digestive function. On the basis of the original complementary food, gradually increase new varieties, gradually change liquid and semi-liquid diets into solid foods, and give priority to soft and digestible foods. In view of this, the diet of infants and young children can include dairy products, cereals and so on. When cooking, the food should be chopped and burned, but it can be boiled, stewed, roasted and steamed. It is not advisable to fry and use irritating ingredients.
Infants can't eat all cereal after weaning, and it is impossible to eat with adults. The staple food should be thick porridge, rotten rice, noodles, wonton, steamed stuffed bun and so on. Non-staple food can include fish, lean meat, liver, eggs, shrimp skin, bean products and various vegetables. The staple food is rice and flour, and it needs about100g every day, which gradually increases with age; Bean products are about 25 grams per day, mainly tofu and dried beans; One egg per day 1 egg, steamed, stewed, boiled and fried; Meat and fish 50 ~ 75g per day, gradually increasing to100g; Soymilk or milk, 500ml per day, gradually reduced to 250ml after 1 year; Fruit can be supplied appropriately according to the specific situation.
After weaning, babies usually eat 4-5 meals a day, which are divided into breakfast, lunch and dinner, before noon and after noon. Breakfast should be of good quality and lunch should be light. For example, milk or soybean milk, eggs or meat buns can be served for breakfast; Chinese food can be rotten rice, fish and vegetables, plus egg and shrimp skin soup; Eat lean meat, chopped vegetable noodles, etc. Have dinner; Give some fruits before noon, such as bananas, apples and pears. Cookies and sugar water are provided in the afternoon. Daily recipes should be refreshed in rotation as far as possible, paying attention to the collocation of meat and vegetables and avoiding the same meal. In addition, cooking techniques and methods will also affect the baby's eating habits and appetite. If the color, fragrance and taste are complete, it can promote the appetite of infants, increase food intake and strengthen digestion and absorption functions.
● Eat nutritious, soft and digestible food. One-year-old baby's chewing ability and digestive ability are very weak, and eating rough food is not easy to digest, which easily leads to diarrhea. So, give the baby some soft and rotten food. Generally speaking, the staple food can be soft rice, rotten noodles, rice porridge, small wonton and so on. Non-staple food can be minced meat, chopped vegetables and egg soup. It is worth mentioning that milk is an essential food for babies every day after weaning, because it is not only easy to digest, but also rich in nutrients, which can provide all kinds of nutrients needed for baby's physical development. Avoid eating irritating food. The newly weaned baby can't adapt to irritating food in taste, and its digestive tract is also difficult to adapt to irritating food. Therefore, it is not advisable to eat spicy food.
● Misunderstanding of post-weaning diet
(1) Only eat less vegetables or only eat less vegetables. Add complementary food to the baby, some parents only pay attention to the staple food, rotten rice, noodles, all kinds of rice porridge and pasta are given to the baby, but the non-staple food (fish, vegetables and bean products) is eaten less, or vice versa. This violates the scientific principle of dietary balance and is not conducive to the healthy development of the baby.
(2) Soak the rice in the soup. Some parents think that soup is nutritious and can soften rice, so they always give their baby soup to soak rice. This is obviously a misunderstanding. First of all, the nutrition in soup is only 5%- 10%, and more nutrition is still in meat. The fact is that babies don't take in more nutrition. And eating soup and rice for a long time will also burden the stomach, which may cause the baby to get stomach trouble from childhood.
(3) Replace vegetables with fruits. Some parents find that their babies don't like vegetables and their stools are dry, so they use fruits instead of vegetables, thinking that this can relieve their baby's constipation, but the effect is not ideal. This is not right. Fruit can't replace vegetables. Vegetables, especially leafy vegetables, are rich in fiber, which can ensure smooth stool and ensure the intake of minerals and vitamins.
(4) Eating a normal diet after weaning, but still eating milk cakes. Milk cake is a transitional food from breast milk to porridge, and its nutrients are no different from porridge, both of which are carbohydrates. If the baby can eat porridge and porridge after weaning, there is no need to eat milk cake. Eating milk cake for a long time is not conducive to the development of baby's teeth and the cultivation of chewing ability. Wish the baby health and happiness!