The first problem of practicing brush and learning calligraphy skills is how to write correctly, because the writing method is directly related to whether you can write flexibly.
First, about the writing method of brush.
There have always been many sayings, such as single hook method, double hook method, phoenix eye method, wrist returning method, stirrup method, five-character tactic, eight-character tactic and so on. So many "methods" look very mysterious, and they are really a bit confusing and can't be learned. In fact, the writing is not mysterious or complicated. Su Dongpo, a great calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, once said: "There is no fixed method for writing, so it should be open-minded." This sentence means that writing is very simple, there is no fixed method, as long as it is flexible, natural and easy to write. So, what should I write?
Writing a pen is also called holding a pen. Because the brush is not our modern popular writing tool, the method of holding and using the pen is very different from that of the pen and pencil. In order to make the soft and elastic brush run in the middle of strokes and achieve "middle stroke", we must master the correct method of holding the brush. There are various methods handed down from generation to generation by predecessors, among which the "five-finger pen-holding method" is the most commonly used and easy to learn.
This writing method emphasizes that each finger plays a role in writing. The predecessors summarized the functions of the five fingers as (Yan, pronounced disgust), pledge, hook, grid and touch. Therefore, the five-finger writing is also called "five-character writing". As shown in the figure:
The specific method is as follows:
① Pick up the pen holder with thumb and forefinger, that is, hold the pen holder with the first knuckles of thumb and forefinger; Pay attention to the fact that the first joint of thumb should protrude outwards, and not be recessed.
(2) Under the middle finger and forefinger, draw the pen inward, paying attention to using the first knuckle; Because the first knuckle of the hand feels the most sensitive, flexible and used the most. )
(3) The finger of the ring finger faces away from the inside of the pen holder;
(4) the little finger is behind the ring finger, and the two fingers are together, facing the pen, which plays an auxiliary role.
To effectively master the five-finger writing method, we also need to pay attention to the following points:
First, the pen holder must be upright and not skewed, so that the main front of the brush is straight, and writing will not be like using a hair brush.
Second, we should pay attention to "grasping the palm" when writing. That is to say, when writing, your fingers should hold the stylus firmly, your palms should be empty, your five fingers should hold the pen tightly, and your palms should be empty, like squeezing a small egg, and your ring finger and little finger should not touch your palms. In this way, the brush can twist, rotate and lift the pressure in the hand, and the brush can rotate flexibly and lift the pressure freely.
Third, when holding a pen, you must hold it straight with your palm upright and your wrist flat. Vertical palm means that the palm of your hand should be inclined, rather than lying on the table like holding a pen or pencil; Flat wrist requires that the wrist holding the pen is parallel to the desktop, which is closely related to the vertical palm. When the palm of your hand stands upright, your wrist will naturally be flat.
Special attention should be paid to the wrist must be relaxed, must not be nervous and stiff. Because only when you are relaxed, you can move flexibly and convey your whole body's strength to the end of the paper without hindrance. As for the position relationship between wrist and palm, it depends on the size of handwriting. Write in small print (about 1cm), with low wrist, and use more fingers when lifting the pen; When writing Chinese characters (about 3cm) or large characters (about 6cm), the wrist should be improved accordingly and relaxed naturally, and the fingers and wrist should be used together when writing. For larger characters (above 10cm), it is best to write standing, with your wrists raised accordingly and your shoulders and elbows relaxed. Otherwise, the pen will shake easily.
It should also be noted that the above requirements are good methods and habits that beginners should develop when practicing calligraphy. As for the practice to a considerable extent, when writing (especially cursive), the pen will press, stumble, advance and retreat, swing on the paper, and the pen tube will change obliquely when moving. This is also a natural phenomenon, and there is no need to make the problem absolute.
Second, about the level of writing.
Clear and correct writing method, but also understand the height of writing position, high writing height, large writing range, easy and flexible, but not easy to be stable; The pen is low, small, stable, but inflexible. In our opinion, in addition to writing very small words, it is better to use high brushwork. Generally, it is half-held or held on the upper side of the pen holder, which is flexible and wide in scope. It can be used to write regular script, calligraphy, cursive script, seal script, official script and other characters. Of course, it depends on the size of the writing.
You can write the fine print a little lower. Because writing small characters mainly depends on finger movements, and fingers are used more than wrists. It is difficult to hold the pen too high, it is difficult to grasp the accuracy of the pen in the process of writing, and it is not easy to write fine print.
When writing big characters, you should hold the pen higher, because writing big characters needs to be carried in all directions, with a large range and a high grip, which is convenient for operation.
When writing running script and cursive script, we should not only write higher, but also emphasize hanging our wrists. Writing big characters (such as a foot or so) requires the strength of the wrist, elbow, arm, shoulder and even the whole body to lift the pen. The function of your fingers is only to hold the pen steadily, and the level of holding the pen is not the most important.
About the compactness of writing. Writing should be flexible and natural, with moderate tightness to facilitate writing. Therefore, the pen should not be too tight or too loose, and it is easy to be stiff and inflexible when it is tight; Pine is weak and weak in writing. Therefore, in order to be comfortable, it is best to be moderately elastic.
Third, the use of wrists and elbows.
Learn how to write correctly. If you want to write well, you should also master how to use your wrists and elbows. Because when writing, you should not only use your fingers, but also use your wrists. "Holding the pen in the finger, holding the pen in the wrist" uses the strength of the wrist to write with a pen, which has a wide range of activities and strong control ability, so that the stippling written can be powerful, the strokes can be complete and the words can be written well. Therefore, it is very important to learn how to write well.
There are three main ways to lift wrist: pillow wrist, lift wrist and hang wrist.
1, wrist pillow method: when writing, put your right wrist flat on the table, slightly stick it to the desktop, or put your left hand under your right foot. This method is stable and easy to write, and is suitable for writing small characters and Chinese characters.
2. Wrist-lifting method: When writing, the right wrist is suspended, and the elbow of the right hand gently leans on the desktop, so the wrist is flexible and the nib moves back and forth freely. This method is suitable for writing Chinese characters and characters. When writing with your wrist, you should pay attention to it. It is best not to press your elbow tightly on the desktop, which will make your wrist run stiff and inflexible, thus affecting the effect of writing.
3, hanging wrist method: when writing big characters, hands, wrists, elbows, arms should be hung out of thin air, do not touch the desktop, the wrist is flat. Stretch forward, which is a necessary condition for writing big characters. Because the characters are big, the pen should move back and forth, and you can't let go of writing without hanging your wrist. Learning to write by hanging one's wrist is good for us to write posters, couplets, advertisements and slogans in the future.
When you are a beginner, you should hang your wrist and elbow. Hanging your arm is really not easy. At first, you couldn't write. When you write, the strokes are ugly. After a long time, your arm muscles will ache. This is mainly due to the lack of practice in this field. As long as you keep practicing, you will gradually adapt to it in three months and your wrist strength will gradually strengthen. Habit becomes nature, and when you write, you can feel your wrists and arms relaxed, so you can write powerfully and freely.
Fourth, about the posture of writing with a brush.
This is not only closely related to good handwriting, but also has a certain impact on health. So when we begin to learn calligraphy, we should pay attention to writing in the best posture and form good habits. There are two postures for writing brush characters. One is "sitting" and the other is "standing". When writing, the words are small (within 10cm) and the space is small, so it is appropriate to use "sitting posture"; The word is large (10cm or more) and the space is large, so it is appropriate to use "Lishi".
The writing of "sitting posture" should be: straight body, straight head and open arms, which is safe enough.
1, to be straight means to sit up straight, don't bend over, and don't lie prone on the table when writing. Your chest should be knocked off the edge of the table.
2. Head means that when writing, the head should be straight, the body should lean forward slightly, and the eyes should be about one foot away from the paper.
3. Open arms means that when writing, the arms naturally open, so that you can write freely from left to right.
4. Foot safety means that when writing, your feet are flat on the ground and you need to step on them naturally to stabilize your body.
When writing in a sitting position, you can also use the "writing posture correction clip" to master the correct writing method faster and develop good writing habits.
How to write "standing posture":
On the basis of "sitting posture", standing to write, in addition to the above four requirements, should also be cantilever writing, which can be written on the table or on the ground. When writing in a standing position, your feet can be separated back and forth, and your upper body is slightly inclined, but don't bend. Hold the desktop in your left hand and the pen in your right hand, so that you can use it all over your wrist, arm and body.
Whether sitting or standing, all parts of the body should feel natural and effective when writing; There should be no feeling of nervousness, rigidity or even embarrassment. Only in this way can you write with ease, and your heart, eyes and hands are consistent.
Another thing to note is that when someone likes to talk and write, the pen should be aimed at the nose. In fact, this is not necessarily the best way to write, because the pen sometimes blocks the line of sight and affects writing. In a word, from the method of writing to the posture of writing, we should take flexibility and naturalness as the standard. With Qi Li fingers, solid fingers and weak palms, it is easy to write. All blind demands that go against nature and are not beneficial to health are unacceptable. In the process of practice, students should understand carefully and gradually develop good writing habits to lay the foundation for writing well.
How can we achieve the writing posture and writing method mentioned above? Tell the students two ways:
1, use "posture correction clip";
2. Put a mirror on the top left of the table, look at yourself, and correct your posture and writing method at any time according to the correct requirements. In this way, you can quickly master and gradually develop good writing habits.
Source: Century Home
Original address: /bbs_list.asp? Id=2762