In human blood, the lipids contained in the plasma are called blood lipids, including cholesterol, cholesterol lipids, triglycerides, phospholipids and unlipidized fatty acids. When cholesterol, triglycerides, etc. exceed normal values, it is collectively called hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia is the main pathogenic factor of atherosclerosis. Serious consequences often occur due to invasion of vital organs, such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular accidents, refractory hypertension and nephrotic syndrome, pancreatitis, stone disease, fatty liver, etc. The occurrence and development of arteriosclerosis are closely related to hyperlipidemia.
Health Guide:
1. Reasonable diet and maintenance: human body lipids include fat and lipids. Hyperlipidemia is most closely related to diet. The accumulation of body fat and some sources of lipids mainly come from diet. Only a portion of lipids are synthesized in the body and are called endogenous lipids. Controlling diet is very important in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia. The diet is light and basically vegetarian. However, it is not advisable to be a vegetarian for a long time, otherwise the dietary composition will be incomplete, which may lead to an increase in endogenous cholesterol. It is advisable to limit high-fat and high-cholesterol foods, such as animal brains, egg yolks, chicken livers, butter, etc. Limit fat intake to 30 to 50 grams per day. Sugary foods should also be limited, and sweets and snacks should not be eaten. Eat more vegetables and fruits. It is advisable to eat a low-salt diet and use soybean oil, peanut oil, vegetable oil, sesame oil, etc. as cooking oil. Hunger and fullness should be moderate. The amount of food consumed at each meal should be as high as the feeling of hunger half an hour before the next meal. It is not advisable to use starvation therapy. Excessive hunger will accelerate the decomposition of fat in the body and increase the fatty acid in the blood.
2. Absolutely quit smoking and avoid alcohol: The nicotine in cigarettes can constrict peripheral blood vessels and increase myocardial stress, which can increase blood pressure and cause angina pectoris. Improper drinking can reduce heart function and damage the gastrointestinal tract, liver, nervous system, and endocrine system. You should absolutely quit smoking and avoid drinking.
3. Promote moderate tea drinking: The catechin contained in tea can enhance the flexibility, elasticity and permeability of blood vessels, and can prevent vascular sclerosis. Theophylline and caffeine in tea can stimulate the spirit, promote blood circulation, reduce fatigue and have diuretic effects. Drinking tea in moderation can eliminate greasy food and lose weight. But drinking too much strong tea will stimulate the heart and speed up the heartbeat, which is harmful to the body.
4. Proper exercise and weight loss: Controlling obesity is one of the important measures to prevent hyperlipidemia. In addition to diet control, physical exercise is encouraged, such as jogging, Wu Qin Xi, Tai Chi, playing table tennis, elderly disco, etc. Usually participate in physical labor. To control weight gain.
Reference materials:
How to use Chinese medicine to treat hyperlipidemia?
Hyperlipidemia is the name of the disease in modern medicine and is the cause of coronary heart disease. important factors. There is no name for this disease in Chinese medicine, and there is no similar record. However, many years of clinical practice observations indicate that it is related to the imbalance of qi and blood functions in the organs and the imbalance of the growth and decline of yin and yang in the human body, resulting in dampness and turbidity. According to clinical findings, the rate of coronary heart disease caused by hyperlipidemia is increasing year by year, so treating hyperlipidemia plays a decisive role in coronary heart disease. So, what are the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of hyperlipidemia?
(1) Cellulite-reducing and slimming tea: 30g of raw multiflorum, 15g of raw hawthorn, 15g of Cassia, 20g of winter melon peel, oolong tea 3g. First, fry the four-flavored herbs such as Polygonum multiflorum and remove the residue, brew the oolong tea with the soup, and drink it instead of tea, one dose per day. Two months of continuous drinking constitutes a course of treatment, and generally 3 to 5 courses of treatment are taken. This prescription has the functions of lowering lipids, activating blood circulation, lowering blood pressure, and diuresis.
(2) Cassia seed and kelp soup: 20g Cassia seed and 30g kelp. Decoct the filtered medicine in water to remove the residue, eat kelp and drink the soup, once a day, one month is a course of treatment, usually 1 to 3 courses of treatment, this prescription has the effect of removing fat and lowering blood pressure, and is suitable for hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease or For obese patients.
(3) Shouwu Tablets: Take 5 tablets orally each time, 3 times a day, for 2 to 4 months. The main mechanism of the lipid-lowering effect of this medicine is to nourish the liver and kidneys and adjust the balance of yin and yang in the human body. Relevant experimental studies have shown that Shouwu contains rhubarb root acid, which can promote intestinal movement, prevent or reduce the absorption of lipids in the intestine, and thus reduce blood lipids.
How to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia?
Under modern medical conditions, hyperlipidemia can be prevented and treated, and the countermeasures mainly include the following aspects:
1. Reasonable diet: A reasonable diet is the basis for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Any patient with hyperlipidemia should undergo dietary treatment before drug treatment. Only if the dietary treatment is ineffective or the patient cannot tolerate it (usually half a year Drug treatment is not used until one year), because dietary treatment is the most physiological and effective measure. No matter what kind of lipid-lowering drugs, there are more or less certain side effects, and even when using drugs, reasonable dietary measures should not be relaxed.
2. Moderate physical activity: Exercise can increase consumption, improve lipid metabolism, and prevent increases in body fat and blood lipids. Exercise can completely reduce blood lipid levels to normal levels in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Not only that, exercise can also increase the content of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in human blood, a lipoprotein that fights atherosclerosis, improve heart function, increase collateral circulation of the heart, thereby also preventing and treating coronary heart disease. good effect. Hyperlipidemia patients who are in good health and do not have coronary heart disease should engage in regular exercise, such as long-distance running, cycling, swimming, playing ball, mountain climbing, etc.
However, people with coronary heart disease, severe hypertension, diabetes and other diseases should not engage in strenuous exercise. Such patients should perform appropriate medical gymnastics, Tai Chi, Qigong and other exercises according to their condition under the guidance of a physician.
3. Appropriate physical therapy: When the above methods are not effective, other physical therapies should be supplemented, such as mineral baths, liver area electromagnetic therapy, etc. Electromagnetic therapy in the liver area can regulate liver metabolic disorders and thereby correct hyperlipidemia.
4. Drug treatment: For stubborn and severe hyperlipidemia, appropriate drug treatment can be given. Currently, there are no lipid-lowering drugs that meet physiological requirements. Most lipid-lowering drugs only have short-term effects, but long-term use may cause significant side effects. Therefore, drug therapy should be regarded as a last resort measure for the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders in patients at high risk of coronary heart disease, and should be combined with non-drug therapy.
How to carry out reasonable dietary treatment for hyperlipidemia?
The so-called reasonable diet includes two aspects: first, the dietary measures taken must not only reduce blood lipids The purpose is to enable patients to obtain sufficient nutritional supply to ensure good health. The one-sided approach of mainly vegetarianism or the "three no-eats" (no meat, no eggs, no fish) is absolutely not advisable. The second is that dietary treatment should be different according to different types of hyperlipidemia, and should also be individualized. It should not be applied mechanically, let alone hearsay. The following is a principled introduction to the dietary treatment of different types of hyperlipidemia:
(1) For patients with hypercholesterolemia, only the blood cholesterol content is increased, but for patients with normal triglyceride content, the diet The key point of treatment is to limit dietary cholesterol to a total daily intake of less than 200 mg. Patients should avoid or eat less foods containing high cholesterol, such as animal brains, spinal cords, internal organs, egg yolks (each egg yolk contains 250-300 mg of cholesterol), shellfish (such as clams, snails, etc.) and molluscs (such as squid) , cuttlefish, caviar, etc.). On the other hand, patients should eat appropriate amounts of nutrients that are not high in cholesterol, such as lean pork, beef, duck, chicken, fish and milk. The cholesterol content of these foods is not high. For example, each bottle of milk only contains 30mg, and several other foods only contain about 100mg of cholesterol per 100g. There is no need to be overly taboo, and of course, don't eat too much. The second step is to limit animal fat and increase vegetable oil appropriately. Calculations show that if animal oil is not used for cooking, each patient can ideally eat 500-750g of vegetable oil (soybean oil, corn oil, vegetable oil, etc.) per month. Although vegetarian oil is good, it is not advisable to eat too much, otherwise it will also have adverse effects. Third, eat more vegetables and fruits to increase your fiber intake. Fourth, eat more foods that can lower cholesterol, such as soybeans and their products, onions, garlic, cauliflower (grass), mushrooms, fungus, etc. Some of these foods also have anticoagulant effects, which are also good for preventing thrombosis and coronary heart disease.
(2) Hypertriglyceridemia For patients with only elevated blood triglyceride levels but normal cholesterol levels, the key points of dietary treatment are different from the above. The key is to limit food intake, reduce weight, and achieve and maintain a weight within a standard range. Standard weight can be calculated by the following formula:
Male: height (cm)-105 (kg)
Female: height (cm)-107.5 (kg)
The second is to limit sweets. Such patients are particularly sensitive to sugar. Eating sugar can increase their triglyceride content. Therefore, white sugar, brown sugar, fruit sugar, honey, and sugary foods and medicines should be eaten as little or as little as possible. Third, abstain from alcohol. Alcohol can increase the triglyceride content of such patients. Fourth, increase protein appropriately, especially soy protein. Fifth, cholesterol should be appropriately limited to less than 300mg per day, and patients are allowed to eat 3 eggs per week. Other cholesterol-containing foods can also be eaten appropriately, as long as the total intake does not exceed the above limit. Sixth, appropriately limit fat, especially animal fat.
(3) Mixed hyperlipidemia: Patients with this type have elevated blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The key point of dietary treatment is to combine the above two types. That is, appropriately limit cholesterol and animal fat, control food intake to reduce weight, avoid sweets and alcohol, appropriately increase vegetable oils, beans and their products, and eat more vegetables, fruits and certain foods with lipid-lowering effects.
What harm does hyperlipidemia do to patients?
(1) Glomerulosclerosis, etc.: Hyperlipidemia can cause damage and focal shedding of vascular endothelial cells, leading to blood vessel Increased wall permeability allows plasma lipoproteins to enter and deposit in the intima of the blood vessel wall, which subsequently causes the clearance reaction of macrophages and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells to form plaques, leading to arteriosclerosis, renal arteriosclerosis, and lumen Stenosis can cause ischemia, atrophy, and interstitial fibroplasia in the kidney. If the renal blood vessels are blocked, the corresponding area will be infarcted and scars will form after the infarction is organized. This leads to glomerulosclerosis. Outside the kidneys, it can accelerate the occurrence of coronary arteriosclerosis, lead to coronary heart disease and increase the patient's risk of myocardial infarction. Similarly, arteriosclerosis in other parts of the body can cause corresponding diseases, such as cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebral infarction, etc.
(2) Glomerular damage: Hyperlipidemia can cause lipid deposition in the glomerulus, and low-density lipoprotein can activate circulating monocytes and cause mononuclear cells in the glomerulus. infiltration, causing or aggravating the inflammatory response. At the same time, mesangial cells and endothelial cells of the glomerulus can produce active oxygen molecules and promote lipid peroxidation. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL) has extremely strong cytotoxicity. effects, leading to renal tissue damage. In addition, hyperlipidemia can also cause an increase in collagen, laminin and fibrin in the glomerular mesangial matrix. These components are directly related to glomerulosclerosis.
Can weight loss help lower blood lipids?
It is well known that hyperlipidemia and hypoHDLemia are one of the most dangerous factors for arteriosclerosis, and obese people often suffer from lipid metabolism. Abnormalities, and as the degree of obesity increases, hyperlipidemia becomes more obvious; on the contrary, excessive blood lipids also promote excessive accumulation of fat, forming a vicious cycle. Not only that, people have also found that the increase in blood lipids is closely related to the distribution of fat. Kissebah et al. (AH) and others believe: "According to the classification of people's fat distribution, it can be divided into central obesity with significant body trunk fat deposition, peripheral obesity with significant limb fat accumulation; and upper body fat accumulation with relatively large fat accumulation. Diseases such as upper body obesity and lower body fat accumulation, such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes, are mainly central obesity and upper body obesity. Therefore, active measures to lose weight can help reduce blood lipids.
Weight loss and lipid-lowering should be based on comprehensive therapy, including the use of traditional Chinese medicine to diuretic dampness and phlegm, limiting high-fat diet, eating more vegetables, soy products, lean meat, chicken, jellyfish, etc., and eating as much as possible Vegetables containing more fiber can reduce the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. Onions, garlic, fungus, hawthorn, and shiitake mushrooms all have good lipid-lowering effects. It is best to use vegetable oil as the main oil for cooking. Limit the patient's dietary calories. Eat less sweets, exercise more, increase consumption, quit smoking and alcohol, avoid excessive stress, live a regular life, choose lipid-lowering drugs such as Maitong, Yishouning, Evening Primrose Oil Pills, etc., and drink Alisma Decoction (Alismatis 10g) , one piece of dried lotus leaf) can maintain better curative effect and at the same time reduce the risk of inducing other diseases.
Which traditional Chinese medicines can reduce blood lipids?
Clinical studies in recent years have proven that many. Traditional Chinese medicines all have the effect of lowering blood lipids, such as Cassia, Alisma, Polygonum multiflorum, Puhuang, hawthorn, rhubarb, safflower, ginkgo leaves, Polygonum cuspidatum, evening primrose, Yinchen, malt, etc.
(1) Cassia cassia, also known as cassia seed, is the mature seed of the leguminous annual plant Cassia obtusa or Cassia lucidum. It is a sweet, bitter and slightly cold traditional Chinese medicine. It mainly contains plant sterols and anthraquinones and has the ability to inhibit serum levels. It has a significant effect on raising cholesterol and forming atherosclerotic plaques, and has a significant effect on lowering blood lipids. It is commonly used in clinical practice. Add appropriate amount of water and take it twice for one month, which can gradually reduce cholesterol to normal. Level.
(2) Polygonum multiflorum is the root of Polygonum multiflorum, a perennial herbaceous plant. It has a bitter and cold smell and contains anthraquinones such as rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and aloe-emodin, which can promote intestinal tract growth. Peristalsis, reduces cholesterol absorption, accelerates cholesterol excretion, thereby lowering blood lipids and anti-atherosclerosis. Polygonum multiflorum tablets are commonly used in clinical practice, 5 tablets each time, 3 times a day, for 1 to 3 months, the effective rate is as high as 10%. Up to 89%. Polygonum multiflorum has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys, replenishing essence and blood, and laxative and diarrhea. It is especially suitable for elderly patients with hyperlipidemia, liver and kidney yin deficiency, and constipation.
(3 ) Alisma is the tuber of Alisma, a perennial swamp plant of the family Alismataceae. It is sweet in taste and cold in nature. It contains triterpenoids, which can affect lipolysis and reduce the raw materials for cholesterol synthesis, thus lowering blood lipids, preventing and treating atherosclerosis and Efficacy of fatty liver. Alisma lipid-lowering tablets are commonly used, 3 tablets each time, 3 times a day, 2 to 3 months as a course of treatment.
(4) Puhuang is an aquatic herbaceous plant of the Typha family. The pollen of Candelaria japonica is sweet and mild in nature and contains phytosterols such as sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and other phytosterols, which can inhibit the intestinal absorption of exogenous cholesterol, thereby lowering blood lipids. But only raw Puhuang has the effect, Puhuang oil and residues have no such medicinal effect. The tablets or granules used clinically, the daily dosage is equivalent to 30 grams of raw Puhuang, and a course of treatment lasts for 1 to 2 months, which has a significant cholesterol-lowering effect.
(5) Hawthorn is the fruit of wild hawthorn, a deciduous shrub or small tree plant in the Rosaceae family. It has a sour, sweet and slightly warm taste, and contains maslinic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and other substances. It has the functions of dilating blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol, and increasing gastric juice digestive enzymes. Hawthorn tablets are commonly used clinically, 2 to 3 tablets each time, 3 times a day, and one month is a course of treatment. You can also use 50 grams of hawthorn fruit, add water to boil it, and replace it with tea.
(6) Rhubarb is the rhizome of the Polygonaceae perennial herbaceous plant Rheum palmata or Rheum tangut. It is bitter in taste and cold in nature, and contains anthraquinone derivatives such as emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, and emodin methyl ether. It has the effect of lowering blood pressure and cholesterol. In the clinical treatment of patients with hyperlipidemia, oral administration of rhubarb powder 0.25 grams each time, 4 times a day, for one month as a course of treatment, can reduce cholesterol by 84%, and triglycerides can also be reduced to a certain extent. Raw rhubarb can relieve constipation, activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Therefore, it is especially suitable for hyperlipidemia patients with partial syndrome and dry stool.
(7) Safflower is the flower of the biennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family. It tastes pungent and is warm in nature. It contains safflower glycoside, safflower oil, safflower yellow pigment, linoleic acid, etc., which include It dilates coronary arteries, lowers blood pressure and lowers serum total cholesterol and triglycerides. The commonly used clinical dosage is 20 ml each time, 3 times a day, taken orally for 4 to 5 months, and the cholesterol-lowering effectiveness is 72%.
(8) Ginkgo leaves are the dried leaves of the Ginkgo tree, a deciduous tree in the Ginkgo family. They contain shikimic acid, ginkgobiflavonoids, isoglobinbiflavonoids, sterols and other ingredients. Experimental studies and clinical studies have proven that it has the effect of lowering serum cholesterol and dilating coronary arteries. It has a certain effect on the treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease angina pectoris. Use alone or with Ligusticum chuanxiong and safflower. For example, Yinchuan Red Tablets, the dosage is 5 to 10 grams per day.
Which commonly used foods have lipid-lowering effects?
Excessive blood lipids are very dangerous and can easily cause atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, etc. Therefore, in addition to In addition to lipid-lowering drug treatment, family dietary treatment cannot be ignored. Here are some foods that can lower fat.
(1) Soy products include soy milk, tofu, bean sprouts, etc. Modern nutritional research has proven that soy products are not only rich in nutrients, but also have the effect of lowering blood lipids. If you consume 30 to 50 grams of soy protein every day, it can significantly reduce serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels without affecting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Researchers pointed out that the lipid-lowering effect of soybeans is obviously related to the original blood lipid levels. The higher the original blood lipids, the more significant the lipid-lowering effect of soybeans.
(2) Garlic has the effect of relaxing blood vessels, resolving excessive platelet aggregation, and preventing cholesterol biosynthesis and antioxidant effects. There are reports that taking garlic powder or garlic essence every day and insisting on eating garlic will reduce blood pressure by 10% and total serum cholesterol by 8% to 10% after 4 to 5 weeks. If each person eats a head of garlic every day, it can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
(3) Onions can promote the dissolution of blood clots, lower blood lipids, expand coronary arteries and increase peripheral blood flow. Foreign scholars believe that eating more onions in middle-aged and elderly people can prevent the occurrence and development of hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and coronary heart disease.
(4) Black fungus: Research in recent years has confirmed that black fungus has the effect of anti-platelet aggregation, lowering blood lipids and preventing cholesterol deposition. At the same time, black fungus was also found to have anti-lipid peroxidation effects. Lipid peroxidation is closely related to aging. Therefore, the elderly often consume black fungus, which can prevent and treat hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and prolong life.
(5) Kelp has the effect of softening and dispersing stagnation, diuresis and blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, and promoting the recovery of patients with cerebrovascular disease. Regular consumption is beneficial to preventing hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis.
(6) Hawthorn contains a large amount of vitamin C and trace elements, and has the functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, digesting food and strengthening the stomach, lowering blood pressure and lipids, and dilating coronary blood vessels. Reasonable eating habits and dietary structure for hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10:19 [Keywords] Reasonable eating habits and dietary structure for hyperlipidemia Health Network News: Reasonable eating habits and dietary structure for hyperlipidemia should be: ① Maintain a balanced distribution of calories, avoid excessive hunger and fullness, avoid overeating, overeating or stuffed meals, and change the habit of having a big dinner and eating late night snacks before going to bed. ② The staple food should be mainly cereals, with a mix of thickness and thickness. You can add corn, oatmeal, oats and other ingredients to the coarse grains in an appropriate amount to keep carbohydrates accounting for more than 55% of the total calories. ③ Increase soy foods to improve protein utilization. In terms of dried beans, the average daily intake should be more than 30g, or 45g of dried tofu or 75-150g of tofu. ④In the structure of animal foods, increase animal foods with lower fatty acids and higher protein, such as fish, poultry, lean meat, etc., and subtract terrestrial animal fats, ultimately making the intake of animal protein account for 10% of the daily intake. 20% of the total protein intake, and the total daily calories provided by fat should not exceed 30% of the total calories. ⑤The edible oil should be mainly vegetable oil, and the daily dosage per person should be 25-30g. ⑥ The dietary ingredients should be reduced in 3 saturated fatty acids and increased in unsaturated fatty acids (such as margarine instead of butter, skimmed milk instead of whole milk), so that saturated fatty acids do not account for more than 10% of the total calories, and monounsaturated fatty acids account for Total calories 7--10%. ⑦ Increase the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. Western diets recommend a ratio of 0.5-0.7. In traditional Chinese diets, due to low fat content, the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids is generally above 1. ⑧The dietary cholesterol content should not exceed 300mg/day. ⑨ Ensure that each person’s daily intake of fresh fruits and vegetables reaches more than 400g, and pay attention to increasing the proportion of dark or green vegetables. ⑩ Reduce the intake of refined rice, noodles, candies, and sweet pastries to prevent excessive calorie intake. (11) Dietary ingredients should contain sufficient vitamins, minerals, plant fibers and trace elements, but salt intake should be appropriately reduced. (12) Drink less alcohol, preferably not at all. (13) Drink less sugary drinks and more tea. Coffee can stimulate gastric juice secretion and increase appetite, but it is not advisable to drink too much.
Health Network Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Desk (.00024000X06.) Criteria and goals for selecting dietary therapy for hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10:19 [Key words] Diet therapy for hyperlipidemia Health Network News: Treatment of hypercholesterolemia, Consider serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) as the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy. Depending on the serum LDL-c level, the goal of lowering LDL-c and whether you have coronary heart disease, the criteria and goals for selecting dietary therapy are also different, which are divided into the following three categories: ① Without coronary heart disease or other atherosclerosis, with For those who have two or more other risk factors for coronary heart disease, the reduction target of serum LDL-c is <4.1mmol/L; ② For those who do not have coronary heart disease and have two or more other risk factors for coronary heart disease, the reduction target for LDL-c The target is <3.4mmol/L; ③ For those with coronary heart disease, the target for LDL-c reduction is <2.6mmol/L. Health Network Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Desk (.00024000X06.) Food cooking methods for patients with hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10:18 [Keywords] Hyperlipidemia Diet Health Network News: There are many ways to process food. According to the requirement of patients with hyperlipidemia to eat a low-fat and low-calorie diet, here are several cooking methods suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia: (1) Stew: wash and cut the food into pieces, put it in the pot, add an appropriate amount of water, and put it in the pot. Add the seasonings, bring to a boil over high heat, skim off the foam, and stew over low heat until cooked. The food is characterized by soft texture and original flavor. (2) Simmering: refers to a cooking method that uses slow fire or residual heat to heat food for a long time. There are two specific methods of operation: one is to put the food in a container, add seasonings and an appropriate amount of water, and then slowly simmer it over a slow fire until it is soft; the other is the traditional method of wrapping the food with vegetable leaves, lotus leaves, etc. Tie it tightly, apply yellow mud paste externally, place it in the ashes of the fire, and use the residual heat of the fire to simmer it. Its food is characterized by being cooked and crispy, with a rich flavor. (3) Steaming: Cooking using high temperature of water vapor. The specific operation is: after mixing the food with seasonings, cook it in water. Those steamed with rice noodles wrapped in rice flour are called steamed rice noodles; those steamed with lotus leaves or vegetable leaves are called steamed buns; there are also small steamed steamed buns in which food is directly put into a container and separated by water. You can add water or soup to the food, or steam it without adding water or soup. Steamed food is also characterized by its original flavor and is the most widely used method in dietary and health-care cooking. (4) Boiling: Boiling is also one of the most commonly used cooking methods. Put the food in a pot, add water, boil it with strong fire first, and then cook it with slow fire. It is generally suitable for making food that is small and easy to cook, and the cooking time is shorter than stewing. The characteristics of its food are that it tastes fresh and the active ingredients of the food are better dissolved in the soup. (5) Boil: Boil is to simmer on a slow fire until the juice is thick and the cake is rotten. It takes longer than stewing. Mostly suitable for foods with heavy colloid content. Its food features are thick and juicy, easy to rot, and suitable for the elderly and weak. (6) Cold salad: It is a cooking method of raw food or nearly raw food. Generally, after the food is cleaned and chopped into fine pieces, it is scalded in boiling water, and seasonings are added and mixed well. This processing method is generally suitable for vegetable foods, as it can better maintain the nutrients and active ingredients of the food. Its characteristics are tender and crisp, fragrant and delicious. Cooking methods that patients with hyperlipidemia should not use include: stewing, stir-frying, deep-frying, roasting, etc.
What are the foods that lower blood lipids?
Hyperlipidemia refers to abnormal lipoprotein metabolism involving high cholesterol, high triglycerides, increased very low-density lipoprotein, and decreased high-density lipoprotein. disease. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes, which seriously threatens human health. Hyperlipidemia is a stubborn disease that cannot be cured overnight. Dietary treatment and health care are the keys to treating hyperlipidemia, supplemented by drug treatment when necessary. If you can persist for a long time and use the right method, some food therapies will often have unexpected effects.
The following introduces several foods that have the effect of lowering blood lipids:?
Corn: rich in calcium, magnesium, selenium and other substances as well as lecithin, linoleic acid, vitamin E, they All have the effect of lowering serum cholesterol.
Oats: are extremely rich in linoleic acid, accounting for 35%-52% of all unsaturated fatty acids; they are also rich in vitamin E, and oats contain saponins. They all have the effect of lowering plasma cholesterol concentration.
Milk: Contains hydroxyl and methylglutaric acid, which can inhibit the activity of cholesterol synthase in the human body, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol and reducing blood cholesterol levels. In addition, milk contains more calcium, which can also reduce the body's absorption of cholesterol.
Onion: Its blood lipid-lowering effect is related to the allyl disulfide and a small amount of sulfur amino acids it contains. These substances belong to glycosides. In addition to lowering blood lipids, they can also prevent atherosclerosis and have a protective effect on arteries and blood vessels. It also contains prostaglandin A, which has the function of relaxing blood vessels and lowering blood pressure.
Garlic: The lipid-lowering effect of garlic is related to the substance contained in garlic-allicin. This active ingredient in garlic has antibacterial and anti-tumor properties, can prevent atherosclerosis, lower blood sugar and blood lipids, etc.
Almonds: Almonds contain no cholesterol and only 7% saturated fatty acids. Patients with hyperlipidemia can eat 30g almonds on sick days, which can replace foods containing high saturated fatty acids. ?
Chrysanthemum: It has the effect of lowering blood lipids and stably lowering blood pressure.
Elderly people mix a little chrysanthemum into green tea, which has a good health effect on cardiovascular health. ?
Eggs: In the past, eggs were thought to contain high cholesterol, and eating too much could easily lead to coronary heart disease. It has been confirmed that eggs contain lecithin, which can keep cholesterol and fat in human blood in a suspended state without depositing on the blood vessel wall, thereby effectively reducing blood lipid levels. It is recommended to eat one egg every day. ?
Soybeans: rich in unsaturated fats, anti-acid, vitamin E and phospholipids. About 90% of patients with high cholesterol will recover or improve if they eat 60-100g of soy protein every day. ?
Cold celery: Take 200g of celery stalks, 100g of kelp, and 50g of black fungus. First, wash the black fungus and kelp with water, cut into shreds, and blanch in boiling water. Cut the tender celery stalks into 3cm lengths and boil them briefly in boiling water. Pick it up. The above raw materials are cooled and mixed with seasonings. It is mainly used to treat hyperlipidemia and hypertension.
Low-cholesterol foods:
Soybeans, cucumbers, garlic, ginger, tea, tangerines, yogurt, mushrooms, black fungus, carrots, water spinach, eggplant, hawthorn, corn, seaweed, etc. .
Low-fat foods:
1. Fish and beans have low fatty acid content and can be used as protein sources to replace meat.
2. Cooking oil: soybean, rice oil, corn oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, tea oil, etc.
High-fiber foods:
Various fruits, beans, oatmeal, kelp, seaweed, mushrooms, melons, legumes and vegetable stems.
Beverages you should drink:
1. Green tea: The tea glycosides in tea can lower blood pressure, lower blood lipids, and increase blood vessel toughness.
2. Red wine: It contains various enzymes, which can expand blood vessels, reduce blood viscosity, and have the effects of lowering blood pressure, regulating lipids, and preventing aging.