Treatment methods for coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease is closely related to people's lifestyle, or coronary heart disease is a lifestyle disease. At present, in addition to age and genetic factors, most of the risk factors that affect the incidence of coronary heart disease are modifiable. Therefore, lifestyle changes are very important. Patients with hypertension and diabetes should control their blood pressure and blood sugar within reasonable limits. People with high blood lipids should pay attention to developing good eating habits, eating less animal fat, eating more fresh vegetables and fruits, quit smoking, strengthen exercise, control weight, have a calm mind, and relieve bad emotions.

Modern treatments for coronary heart disease can be divided into drug therapy, interventional therapy and surgical therapy. All these treatment methods have a certain scope of application. Before choosing a treatment method, the doctor needs to fully understand the patient's condition and analyze the condition. In addition to general examinations such as electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, etc., it is currently believed that the most accurate diagnostic method is to perform coronary angiography to understand the condition. Coronary angiography can show the location, scope, and degree of coronary stenosis.

At present, there is no effective drug treatment for coronary atherosclerosis. Taking nitrate coronary vasodilators such as nitroglycerin is the most effective way to relieve angina, but the disadvantage is that it cannot fundamentally treat angina pectoris. Improve blood vessel stenosis caused by coronary atherosclerosis.

Drugs for the treatment of coronary heart disease mainly include the following categories: (1) Antiplatelet preparations such as aspirin; (2) β-blockers such as Betaloc, which can be used for secondary treatment after myocardial infarction. Prevention, can effectively reduce cardiac events, and is also the drug of choice for stabilizing angina pectoris patients in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality; (3) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as Kaiboton have good short-term and long-term effects on patients with myocardial infarction. Curative effect, can reduce the mortality rate of patients with myocardial infarction; (4) hypolipidemia drugs, hypolipidemia drugs can reduce acute coronary events, reduce the mortality rate of coronary heart disease, and are the basic drugs for the treatment of coronary heart disease; (5) nitrate drugs, the Although these drugs cannot effectively reduce mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction, they can effectively relieve the symptoms and frequency of angina pectoris; (6) Long-acting or sustained-release dihydropyridine calcium antagonists and non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists May relieve symptoms in patients with stable angina without increasing the incidence of adverse cardiac events.

Note: Please consult your doctor when choosing any treatment plan. Your doctor will decide for you which drug to choose and how to treat it.

Interventional treatment of coronary heart disease refers to the use of transarterial intubation under the guidance of modern radiographic imaging, inserting the catheter through the femoral artery or other peripheral arteries, sending it to the ascending aorta, and then exploring the left Or insert into the right coronary artery orifice and inject contrast agent to visualize the coronary arteries. This can more clearly reveal the anatomical malformation of the coronary arteries and the location, extent and scope of the obstructive lesions, and then carry out examination and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Interventional therapy can treat many cardiovascular diseases that could only be treated through thoracotomy in the past without surgery. It is characterized by less trauma, less pain to patients and faster recovery, and is welcomed by many patients. With the rapid development of radiological imaging and ultrasound imaging technology and the improvement of technical equipment, the indications for cardiac interventional therapy are becoming wider and wider. For many cardiovascular diseases, it can replace surgery and achieve the effect of surgical treatment.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (referred to as coronary artery bypass grafting) is to take a blood vessel from another part of the patient and transplant it to the stenotic part of the coronary artery. The transplanted blood vessel is like a bridge between the aorta and coronary artery. between. The blood vessels usually chosen are veins, obtained from the lower limbs, or arteries, obtained from the inside of the chest wall. After bypass surgery, good blood supply can be re-established, and blood can flow from the aorta through the bypass bridge to the distal end of the blocked coronary artery. Sometimes it is necessary to establish one or more branch bridges to comprehensively improve the condition of myocardial ischemia. Removing a vein from the lower limb usually does not cause any problems because the function of the vein can be taken over by another vein.

Professor Hu Dayi, a famous cardiovascular disease expert, once said that coronary heart disease has 5 lines of defense. The first is to prevent the onset of disease, and "nip it in the bud"; the second is to prevent events, and patients with coronary heart disease should prevent serious events such as myocardial infarction and stroke (commonly known as stroke); the third is to prevent the consequences, such as the occurrence of myocardial infarction or stroke. It is necessary to send the patient to the hospital for rescue in time to prevent it from developing in a worse direction; the fourth is to prevent recurrence, to prevent the recurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.; and the last is to prevent heart failure, as repeated myocardial infarction and enlarged heart may eventually lead to heart failure. By guarding these five lines of defense, more people will have a vibrant heart.