Football is an ancient sport with a long history. It is said that before the Middle Ages, the Greeks and Romans had already started playing football. On a rectangular court, they put the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked it to the other court with their feet. At that time, they called this game "Baja Storm".
By the beginning of19th century, football was quite popular in some countries in Europe and Latin America at that time, especially in capitalist Britain. It was not until 1848 that the first written rule of football, Cambridge Rules, was born. However, many data show that the appearance of ancient football in China is earlier than that in Europe, with a longer history.
In ancient China, football was called Cuju or Tuju, both of which meant kicking, and Juju was the name of the ball. The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records, Bielu written by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty and Biography of Hanshu Meicheng written by Yan Shizeng in Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, "Cuju" was very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. 1958 In July, when Dr. Havelange, the current president of FIFA, came to China, he said: Football originated in China.
Of course, due to the limitation of feudal society, the ancient cuju activity in China did not develop into a modern football sport based on the principle of "fair competition". This qualitative leap took place in capitalist Britain.
Although Britain is not the birthplace of football, it is a country that has developed the sport very well. In the early days, there were no restrictions on the so-called examples, venues and number of people, so there were often rude or fighting behaviors, so it was often considered as a rude sport. King Edward II of England even ordered a nationwide ban on football in 13 14, and it was not until 1603 that King James I approved this activity again. 1840 football was introduced to the campus, but the competition methods adopted by various institutions were different. Until 1848, Cambridge University published ten Football Regulations of Cambridge University. Since then, football has also begun to flourish in different classes.
1863, the English Football Association was formally established, football leagues began to appear, and football became professional. The first FA Cup was held in 187 1 year. In the following years, the rules and equipment of football also changed according to the needs of the game. From the end of 19 to the beginning of the 20th century, football developed rapidly to other countries. The reason is inevitably due to business travel and British colonial policy. Due to the rapid development of football in the world, the International Football Association was established on 1904 to promote international interest in football. From 65438 to 0908, football was officially included in the Olympic Games. FIFA also hosted the first World Cup on 1930, and Uruguay won the championship.
4. Football: round; Made of leather or other suitable materials; The circumference is not more than 70 cm (28 inches) and not less than 68 cm (27 inches); At the start of the competition, the weight shall not exceed 450g (16 oz) and not be less than 4 10g (14 oz); At sea level, the pressure is equal to 0.6- 1. 1 atmospheric pressure (600- 1 100g/cm2, 8.5- 15.6 psi).
5. Website:
Size of the playing field: The playing field must be rectangular, and the sideline length must be greater than the goal line length. The length is 90-120m (100-130m) and the width is 45-90m (50- 100m).
International competition: 100- 1 10 m (110 yards) long and 64-75 m (70-80 yards) wide.
Venue marking: The competition venues are marked with lines, and these lines should be included in the area as the boundary line of each area in the venue. The two longer boundary lines are called sideline lines and the two shorter boundary lines are called goal lines. The width of all lines shall not exceed 12 cm (5 inches). The playing field is divided into two halves by the center line. Make a center mark at the midpoint of the center line of the site, and draw a circle with a radius of 9. 15 meters (10 yards) from the center mark.
6. Goal: The goal must be placed in the center of each goal line. They are composed of two upright posts equidistant from the corner flagpole and a horizontal beam connecting their top ends. The distance between the two pillars is 7.32 meters (8 yards), and the distance between the lower edge of the beam and the ground is 2.44 meters (8 feet). The two goalposts and the cross beam have the same width and thickness, not exceeding 12 cm (5 inches). The goal line is the same width as the goalposts and crossbeams. The goal net can be tied to the goal and the ground behind the goal, and it should be properly propped up so as not to affect the goalkeeper. The doorposts and beams must be white.
7. Football rules: A football match is divided into two halves. The legal time for the first half and the second half is 45 minutes each, and the rest time between the first half and the second half is 15 minutes. After the legal time, the card can make up the time according to the time wasted during the game pause. In some games, if the two teams can't tell the winner within 90 minutes of the legal time, overtime will be played. First-half overtime and second-half overtime 15 minutes each. Don't rest after the first half overtime, play the second half overtime directly. Before the game, toss a coin to decide which team will kick off first. Before the game, each team must have 1 1 individual. If there are less than seven people in a team during the competition, the competition will end immediately and the team with more than seven people will be the winner. There are five reserve players in the general competition, and the three places are interchangeable. However, there is no limit to the number of reserved places and exchangeable places for friendly or exhibition games.
8. foul ball: when the ball crosses the sideline, the opponent of the last player who touches the ball should throw the ball out of bounds.
Players who throw foul balls must stand on the ground outside or on the sideline, hold the ball with both hands and throw it backwards from their heads.
9. Gateball and corner kick: If the ball crosses the baseline (not the goal), the last player who touches the ball is the attacking player, and the defending side will get the goal.
On the other hand, if the player who touches the ball last is the defender, the attacker can get a corner kick, which should be kicked at the corner on the side where the ball crosses the baseline.
10, free kick:
Indirect free kick should be served at the foul point, but if the ball does not let other players touch the ball into the net, it is not a goal.
The ball card will only award a direct free kick if:
Kicking or trying to kick an opposing player.
Tripping the opposing player.
Jump on the opposing player.
Hit an opposing player with a rude or dangerous action.
Hit the opposing player from behind.
Hit or attempt to hit an opposing player.
Catch the opposing player.
Push the opposing player.
Touch the ball with your hand or arm.
Spit at each other.
When the main kick is a direct free kick, it is also a goal to shoot directly into the net.
When dealing with indirect free balls and direct free balls, if the distance between the defender and the ball is less than 12 yards, if the defender violates ten rules that can lead to a penalty for direct free balls in his own restricted area, he can be fined 12 yards. When executing a 12 yard free throw, all players except the referee and the goalkeeper should leave the penalty area and be at least 10 yard away from the penalty spot.
1 1, dribbling basics: ordinary people often make a mistake when dribbling, that is, just watching the ball without watching the opponent, or just watching the opponent without watching the ball. In fact, from the demonstration of star players, we might as well notice that they all have one thing in common, and their foreheads are generally facing their opponents. This can make our line of sight not only notice the ball, but also notice the opponent's activities. Secondly, when pushing waves, the running range should follow the speed of the ball. People are slow, people are slow. How can we master the harmony between man and waves? Try to use your knees as a compass when dribbling, aim at the ball when dribbling, push the ball below your knees, and chase it when it leaves your knees. As long as you practice more, the skill of dribbling is not difficult to get.
It takes some skills to control the ball with the inside and outside of the foot, but the pushing speed is high. It is easier to control and protect the ball with the outside of the foot at any time, but the pushing speed is slow.
Toe-back dribbling is a dribbling technique that ordinary people are unwilling to try, because most people are used to dribbling with the inside or outside of their feet. In fact, if the tiptoe dribbles backwards and can coordinate with the ball, the player can play the highest running speed.
Catch (ball control): In a game, if you don't control the ball, there will be no passing, dribbling or even shooting at all, which shows the importance of ball control technology.
▲ The quality of the first ball control is very important. The simpler the better.
▲ Ball control technology is actually very knowledgeable.
▲ Players should decide what kind of ball control techniques they use according to the football situation.
▲ Choosing the correct ball control direction is very important for future actions.
▲ Controlling the ball on the side far away from the opponent can make it difficult for the opponent to grab his own ball.
Advantages of instep shooting: great strength, fast ball speed and long range. Disadvantages: it is easier for opponents to know the direction of their shots, and it is more difficult to master the accuracy. Key points: the starting point, the ball and the target should be in a straight line, and the knees should easily run to the target. Stand on the side of the ball with your feet, naturally lift your calf backwards, look at the top of the ball, lock your feet and wave your calf to the center of the ball, and complete the whole shooting action after hitting the ball.
Tip: Toe down, the speed of the ball depends on the swing speed of the calf, not the strength of the thigh. Before shooting, the hitting position should be selected in advance, and the muscles of the front thigh should be tightened after shooting to avoid accidentally injuring the meniscus.
Bend one's feet sideways [the banana ball outwards]
Scope of application: medium and long-range shooting that bypasses the opponent's block.
Technical point: run diagonally to the ball. When your feet stand close to the ball, lift your legs and twist your body to lock your feet. Hit the ball with the outside of your foot to the outside third, and then close your knees to complete the shooting. Tip: It is easier to bend and castrate the ball by pulling the ball with the toe down and the instep out of the plane. The bigger the shot, the bigger the arc, and the weaker it is, the harder it is to bypass the opponent.
Scope of application: shooting in the middle distance, bypassing the opponent's block. Technical points: run obliquely to the ball, stand with your feet close to the ball, lift your legs and lock your feet, and hit the ball with the inside third of your feet. During hitting the ball, you will twist your body and hit the ball naturally. Tip: Tilt your toes forward and use the logo on the inside of your boots to touch the ball, which makes it easier to grasp the direction of the ball. Too much shooting power will cause the ball to fly out, and the strength is weak, so it is difficult to bypass the opponent.
Hit the ball inside the foot [advantages of broom foot shooting: shooting criteria are easy to master, and it is easier to change direction after starting the foot. Weakness: the shooting power is weak, and the opponent can easily know where the ball has gone. Key points: run to the ball easily, balance your body before shooting, raise your knees to the ball with your legs, and when you stand on the side of the ball, gently twist your knees to turn outwards, lock your feet and hit the center of the ball to shoot. When shooting, raise your toes and hit the ball with the trademark on the inside of the boot, so it is easier to know where the ball is going. Usually you can practice patting the wall with the inside of your foot, and it is best to practice only once. If there are two kinds of sounds, it means that the contact surface between the inside of your foot and the ball has not been mastered.