It originated in the Tang Dynasty and was formed in the Song Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was widely spread in the north and south of the Yangtze River. About 20 provinces and cities in China have "Taoist feelings". Later, the northwest provinces gradually developed into Taoist dramas. Mainly rap, Hebei, Shandong and Huguang are called "fishing drums", while Jiangsu and Zhejiang are called "Taoist feelings".
Taoism was originally based on Taoist stories. In the Song Dynasty, it absorbed epigrams and qupai, and later added folk stories, combining local folk songs and opera scripts. The contents that Linhai Taoism loves to sing are "Gao Lang Weaving Silk", "Meng Jiangnv" and "Yi Yi Dun". There are also scripts such as "Pearl Tower" and "Ten Beautiful Pictures". According to the story of peasant uprising in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, the Taoist sentiment of "Jin Man made a scene in Taizhou" was widely circulated in Taizhou.
Lyrics, Voice and Musical Artistic Features of Daoqing
Taoism is good at narration, and the lyrics are simple and popular, and the colloquialism is more prominent. When singing local folk songs, the news is more local.
The lyric structure of Daoqing has three sentences, with three words as a combination and five sentences, but most of them are seven words as one sentence, and some of them are three words and seven words as one sentence. There are not many sentences with more than one fork.
Yiwu, located in the middle of Zhejiang Province, is sparsely populated, poor and backward, but because people living here are hardworking, eager for public welfare, open-minded and optimistic, they still create their own rich history and culture in the sunshine and hilly dust. Especially after the Song Dynasty's southward crossing, the culture of central Zhejiang prospered in the north-south blending, among which Taoist feelings had the greatest influence. It has a long history, diverse forms, rich characteristics, wider active positions and wider audiences. It has been enduring for thousands of years. Today, young artists are still there, and their successors have become the oldest and largest art clan in Yiwu.
At the same time, Taoism is also a bright pearl in China's art treasure house and a living fossil of national art.
Daoqing is also called "singing news" in Yiwu because it tells local news anecdotes.
Daoqing, as a genre of Quyi, originated from fairy songs and Taoist songs. Fairy songs and Taoist songs have a long history and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, due to the strong support of the imperial court, Taoist temples increased greatly and Taoist activities were carried out frequently. In order to meet the needs of Taoist rituals, immortal songs and Taoist songs were widely produced, especially during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Taoist songs were written for the construction of Xuanyuan Temple.
At the same time, in order to expand its influence, Taoist special musical instruments have simply become a magic weapon in the hands of the "eight-hole fairy". On the Mid-Autumn Festival in 2003, the author went to Yongji County, Shanxi Province with the CPPCC delegation. Here we visited Yongle Palace, a national first-class cultural relic protection unit. Yongle Palace is a Taoist temple built for Lv Dongbin, the legendary founder of Taoism, in the early Yuan Dynasty. This world-famous art treasure house is famous for its large-scale Taoist murals and typical wooden structures in the Yuan Dynasty. In that huge mural, there are scenes of Taoist immortals Han Zhongli, Zhang and other eight immortals talking about Taoism, while Zhang appears in the picture holding a fishing drum (a simple wooden board inserted in the fishing drum tube).
As for the development history of Daoqing in Yiwu, there are few records in various historical books. Therefore, to discuss this issue, we can only refer to a few words in the history books to analyze and textual research. According to "Introduction to Taoist Art in China", the Taoist feelings in Zhejiang have a long history. Since the Song Dynasty moved south, Wulin (formerly known as Hangzhou) became the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. People who didn't want to succumb to the rule of the Jin people fled to the south, and the Daogu, which came out soon, also settled in the south with the footprints of these people. Zhou Mi also recorded the following in the seventh volume of Old Wulin: "In the eleventh year of Xichun (1 186), in June, a car drove past the palace, and at the invitation of the Imperial Palace, it took its son to the cold spring hall in the backyard. Thirty pages of paper took a deep breath and sang Taoist feelings. Taiwanese businessman (Song Gaozong) cloud: Today Zhang Lun writes drum lyrics. "
The development of culture and art has its own regional characteristics. Therefore, Taoism in Yiwu flourished in this year and became an important branch of the country. 1989 edition of Ci Hai is an obvious proof: "Some people call it Daoqing, such as Daoqing in northern Shaanxi and Daoqing in Yiwu, and some people call it Fishing Drum, such as Hubei Fishing Drum and Shandong Fishing Drum. Moreover, in 1996 Textual Research on Taoist Emotion, the Taoist emotion in Yiwu is also listed as an important position: "Taoist emotion is not only a good genre for Taoist priests to describe their monastic skills and express their feelings of worshipping Taoism, but also widely circulated among the people. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there have been dozens of Taoist feelings in various places, and they have formed regional characteristics, so there are Taoist feelings in Wenzhou. Taoist feelings in various places are basically combined with local folk songs or absorbed the singing of traditional operas, thus having various styles. "An Introduction to Taoist Art in China also collects and explores the music system, singing system, singing form and distribution area of Yiwu Taoism.