Shunde is located in the middle of the Pearl River Delta Plain, bordering Guangzhou in the north, Foshan City in the northwest, Panyu in the east, Nanhai in the north, Xinhui in the west and Zhongshan in the south. It is 32km from Guangzhou, 0/27km (69 nautical miles) from Hong Kong/KLOC and 80km from Macau. It is located at 1 13 degrees east longitude and between 22 degrees 40 minutes and 23 degrees 20 minutes north latitude, with a total area of 806. 15 square kilometers. In 2005, the registered population was1150,000, and there were more than 400,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao.
Geographical survey
Most of Shunde belongs to the estuary delta plain where rivers are alluvial. The terrain is slightly higher in the northwest, about 2 meters above sea level, slightly lower in the southeast, 0.7 meters above sea level, and there are some scattered hills. Shunde is surrounded by mountains. The highest mountain is Jinping Mountain in longjiang town in the west, followed by Shunfeng Mountain in the old village in the southeast (that is, sleeping in Bangang).
The rivers in Shunde are vertical and horizontal, and the water network is intertwined. Main rivers 16 with a total length of 756 kilometers. The main rivers flow from northwest to southeast according to the topography, with a river surface width of 200 to 300 meters and a water depth of 5 to 10 meters. The main waterways are Xijiang River, Pingzhou Waterway, Meijiao River and Nanshahe River. Most rivers have deep riverbeds, which are beneficial to shipping, irrigation, aquaculture and power generation. Shunde water system is greatly affected by floods and tides. April to September is the flood season every year, and the highest water level in other dry seasons can reach 6.32 meters, and the water level fluctuates between 0- 1 meter most of the time.
Except for a few hills, Shunde is mostly alluvial soil, which is rich in all kinds of organic matter and suitable for crop growth. Cultivated land types can be roughly divided into the following three types:
Tangji District: It is the most widely distributed, mainly concentrated in northwest, southwest and central China, with low terrain, thick plough layer, mostly silty sand, loose soil and high acidity. Throughout the ages, farmers have used low-lying land to dig deep into ponds, piled the excavated soil high into foundations, raised fish in ponds and planted mulberry trees on the foundations. Silkworm by-products picked from mulberry leaves are used to feed fish, and potatoes, beans, wheat, millet, melons, bananas, oil crops and fruit trees can also be planted on the foundation and beside ponds.
Sand reclamation area: mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast, it is alluvial Shatian, with deep soil layer, fertile soil and sufficient water, which is suitable for occasional double cropping rice and sugarcane.
Low hilly valley area: scattered, small in total, dry in soil, hard in sand, low in fertilizer and insufficient in water. Double cropping rice can be planted in foothills and pits, and dry crops such as sweet potatoes, cassava, peanuts and beans are suitable for planting on hillsides.
Brief description of climate
Shunde is located in the south of Guangzhou, in the middle of the Pearl River Delta Plain and south of the Tropic of Cancer. It is a subtropical maritime monsoon climate with long sunshine hours and abundant rainfall. It is warm and humid all year round, with spring-like seasons and pleasant scenery. Summer lasts more than half a year from mid-April to 10. The annual average temperature is 2 1.9 degrees, the extreme minimum temperature is 1. 1 degrees, and the extreme maximum temperature is 37.7 degrees. There are 120 days with the highest daily temperature ≥30 degrees, and only 5.5 days with the highest daily temperature ≥35 degrees.
The annual total rainfall is 1639mm, and the number of rainy days is 147.6 days. The rainy season is from April to September, and the monthly rainfall is above 170mm, during which the rainfall accounts for 83% of the total rainfall. The rainfall in May, June and August all exceeded 260mm, and the rainfall in three months accounted for 49% of the total annual rainfall. The annual rainstorm lasts for 6.6 days, and the monthly average rainy season is about 1 day.
The annual average relative humidity is 865438 0%. The minimum relative humidity in 1 1 month and 65438+February is 75%. From February to September, the relative humidity was above 865,438+0%, and the highest in June reached 86%. There are many northerly winds throughout the year, with the frequency of 13%. From June 65438 to March of the following year, the north wind dominated, and there were more south winds or southeast winds from April to August.
The annual average wind speed is 2.5m/s, the average wind speed from June to July in 65438 is 2.5~2.7m/s, and the average wind speed from August to June in February is 2.3 ~ 2.5m/s.. The annual average number of windy days is 3 days. Affected by typhoons in summer and autumn, there are more storms. The number of thunderstorm days in the whole year is 80 days, and there are thunderstorms every month. From May to August, there are more than 10 days every month, accounting for 70% of the annual thunderstorm days, with August being the most, reaching 15 days. From February 65438 to February of the following year, a strong cold wave struck and frost also occurred, mainly in June 65438+10.
The development of history
Before Shunde was established as a county, it was the land of Nanhai and Xinhui counties. In the 14th year of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1449), a peasant riot led by Huang Xiaoyang, a farm laborer, occurred in the village of Chonghebaofan, Nanhai County, which was quickly suppressed. In order to strengthen the rule, in the third year of Jingtai (A.D. 1452), the Ming Dynasty designated Tung Chung, Ma Ning, Ding 'an and Xilin as four capitals in the South China Sea, and set up Baitengbao in Xinhui, with Shunde County and Taigenbao as county magistrate and renamed Daliang.
After the county was founded in Shunde, it belonged to guangzhou fu in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the Xinhai Revolution belonged to Yuehai Road, which was abandoned on 1920. Shunde was successively subordinate to the Guangdong Provincial Government of the Kuomintang regime, the Office of the Central District appeasement Committee and the Office of the First Administrative Inspector and Instructor. 19491October 28th, Shunde was liberated,1kloc-0/October 30th, Rongqi (Liangda) Military Commission was established. On March 20th 1950, Shunde County People's Government was formally established, and it was affiliated to the Pearl River Bank. 1955 Shunde people's Committee was established, which is subordinate to the administrative office of central Guangdong. 1958, Shunde and Panyu counties merged and renamed Fanshun County, which belonged to Foshan area. 1June, 959, the organizational system of Shunde and Panyu counties was restored, and Shunde still belongs to Foshan area. 1On March 26th, 992, with the approval of the State Council, Shunde withdrew its county and set up a city, turning a new page in its history. On June 8, 2003, it was merged into Foshan and became a district of Foshan. Whether the merger is correct and conforms to the law of economic development has been debated endlessly.
Administrative district layout
Daliang Sub-district Office: The urban economy dominated by the tertiary industry has become Daliang's industrial dominance and economic characteristics. Automobile trading, real estate, commercial trade, finance and insurance, post and telecommunications, catering, transportation and warehousing have all reached a considerable scale. The information technology industry is also showing a vigorous development momentum. With strong consumption power, Wal-Mart, Tesco, AEON (Jusco's parent company), RT Mart and Yichu Lotus among the world's retail giants are stationed in batches.
Ronggui Sub-district Office: a well-known rich town in China, with developed industries, and household appliances: such as Kelon, Rong Sheng, Warburg, Galanz, Wanhe, Shunde Haier, Hisense Shunde, Nortel Canada, Ampu USA, Matsushita Japan and Sakura in Taiwan Province Province; Coatings: such as China Resources Coatings; The tertiary industry has also developed rapidly
Lunjiao Street Office: The economic pillars are woodworking machinery (the largest woodworking machinery base in South China) industry (such as Mars) and computer industry (such as Shenda Computer).
Liu Le Sub-district Office: Mainly engaged in heavy machinery processing industry, hardware small household appliances industry, etc.
Chencun Town: It has the largest flower trading base in China and is known as the "No.1 Flower Town" in China. It also has a large machinery trading market and logistics center.
Beijiao Town: Home appliance enterprises are famous, such as Midea, Whirlpool and Qihua. In addition, real estate is also very famous, such as Country Garden. The degree of urbanization and greening ranks in the forefront of Guangdong Province.
Lecong Town: There is a huge market for furniture, steel and plastics, forming the largest beer paper production base in China and the largest cigarette pack and filter paper production base in the province, with the per capita savings ranking first in Shunde. After the merger of Foshan, it became a hot spot in real estate market.
Longjiang town: The furniture trading market is comparable to Lecong, mainly developing plastics, furniture, textiles and clothing, small electrical appliances, beer and beverages (such as dragon beer) and other industries.
Xingtan Town: the largest town in Shunde, with a well-known water town in Guangdong, is mainly engaged in plastics, household appliances, feed, food, textile printing and dyeing.
Jun 'an Town: It mainly develops clothing, chemical coatings and eco-tourism.
Central ditch: an "enclave" located in Qinheng Island, Zhuhai, which was reclaimed by Shunde people in 1970s, with an area of 14 square kilometers. The nearest place is only 200 meters away from Macao, and most of it is flat. With the rapid development of Macao's economy and the further implementation of CPEA, the central ditch will usher in an upsurge of economic development.
economic development
Due to superior geographical and cultural conditions, Shunde has always been a relatively developed region and a foreign trade export base. The sugarcane, cocoon and pond fish produced here once enjoyed a high reputation in the whole province and even the whole country. After more than ten years of reform and opening up, Shunde's social economy has made a great leap. Today, Shunde is a new city rising in the middle of the Pearl River Delta, and has become an important production base of household appliances, furniture, gas appliance and daily necessities in China. The production and sales of household appliances and gas appliance account for one tenth and one third of the total production and sales respectively. Known as one of the "four tigers" in Guangdong. According to statistics, during the period of 1995, Shunde's gross domestic product (calculated at the constant price of 1990) reached1200 million yuan, the total industrial and agricultural output value was 37.428 billion yuan, the city's total foreign trade exports reached 122 billion dollars, and the city's fiscal revenue reached10.
From 2000 to 2003, it ranked first among the top 100 counties in China. In 2004, in the first fiscal year after the merger of Foshan, the top 100 counties were replaced by Kunshan.
In 2006, Shunde became the first county-level administrative unit in China with GDP exceeding 654.38+000 billion, which was higher than that of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Hainan in the same year.