At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, political corruption and rising ethnic contradictions led to the "Five Chaos", which was called "Yongjia Chaos" in history. The Jinshi family moved south, and the whole country was in a panic, which led to a large number of gentry people moving south. This was the first great migration in the history of China, which lasted for centuries. According to the genealogy of Zheng Liuxiu in Jingxi Village, Shicheng, it is recorded that: "In the five years of chaos in the sea, ten of them moved south to Wu, so they crossed the river from Gaomi, Laizhou and took refuge in Xizhang, Long Yuan and Meijingping. Seek peace and prosperity and move to Yihuang, Fuzhou. Qiumengyuan became a prostitute in the eighth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4 12), and moved to Shigu Suisu (now Linnao, Jieyang County, Nankang) to live with Wu, and then moved to Nanqiaoling. " Zheng and Wu should be the earliest primitive people who moved south. Since then, in the Tang Dynasty, the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty and the same year, there have been the second, third, fourth and fifth population movements in the history of China due to war. During these five great migrations, a large number of Han people in the Central Plains traveled thousands of miles, stopping and stopping for more than ten centuries, and most of them stayed in Jiangnan. Some of these immigrants first lived in Poyang Lake area in northern Jiangxi, and then returned to Ganjiang, from central Jiangxi to southern Jiangxi. Because Shicheng and Fujian Ninghua live across the mountain, a large number of immigrants arrived in Shicheng through Guangchang or Ningdu.
Shicheng is a treasure in the west foot of Wuyi Mountain, where there are beautiful mountains and rivers, more land suitable for reclamation, relatively small population, large capacity, simple folk customs and peaceful life. Therefore, a large number of Han people who moved south stayed here. According to the existing genealogy records, during the Tang and Five Dynasties, there were as many as 48 surnames who moved to Shicheng, more than 70 surnames in Song Dynasty, more than 30 surnames in Ming Dynasty and more than 20 surnames in Qing Dynasty. For more than a thousand years, millions of Hakka ancestors crossed Wuyishan from Shicheng to Changting, Ninghua, Jianning and Liancheng in Fujian, in order to better settle down. Some people stayed, while others went south to the east of Guangdong. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a few Hakkas crossed the ocean again to make a living overseas. Today they are overseas Hakkas.
Due to the superior geographical conditions, the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces is a long strip with high mountains and dense forests, rich water resources and much cultivated land, and most of the residential areas are small basin villages in mountainous areas. The farming living environment in this small watershed has formed and retained relatively stable folk customs. This semi-closed living environment retains many phonological dialects in the ancient Central Plains. After thousands of years of gestation, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a conscious "Hakka" was finally formed.
Shicheng is the most important transit point for the Han nationality in the Central Plains to move south, and it is also the earliest birthplace of Hakka people. So there are many Hakka cultural buildings. The square pavilion in Yangcun Village, Yanjiaoping, Komatsumura, Komatsu Town, this county was built in the first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1875), with memorial archways at both ends to show filial piety, which was built by Li, the wife of Lian, a Taitai student. The pavilion consists of two rooms, with walls below and beams and rafters above. There are many carvings on the archway, and the craftsmanship is exquisite. 1April, 983, Shangbaichang Shuikou was listed as Yongning Bridge, also known as Gebu Bridge, in Yanling Management Area, Lutian Town, a county-level cultural relics protection unit. The bridge is made of granite, with a single hole, spanning a stream, with a length of 30m, a width of 5.3m, and a span of10.6m. The bridge was built in the third year of Qingganlong (1738) and a pavilion was built on the bridge to worship Guan Yu in the fifth year (1866). The pavilion is divided into five sections, with the middle section being the highest and the two floors gradually decreasing. A temple is built in the middle, with wooden stools on both sides for people to rest. The bridge is solid and the pattern is simple. It is a unique building in the southern mountainous area. A large number of cultural buildings in Shichengke have attracted many domestic and foreign tourists to watch.
The drinking custom of Hakkas in Shicheng is a special cultural phenomenon. The staple food of Hakka is rice and sweet potato, followed by soybean, wheat, meal replacement and non-staple food. Among them, sweet potato vermicelli (skin) and dried noodles are the most common, followed by rice, yellow rice and glutinous rice fried cakes, taro buns, fried meatballs, hair cakes, sugar cakes and dried sweet potatoes. There is a custom of eating tea and rice tea in rural areas, which can quench thirst and satisfy hunger and entertain relatives and friends. Hakka recipes consist of meat (pigs, cows, dog meat) and poultry (chickens, ducks, geese, etc.). ), delicacies (mushrooms, fungus, bamboo shoots), aquatic products (fish, turtles, snails, etc. ), food, etc. Famous dishes include braised chess pieces (meat), meatballs, fish balls, sweet potato jiaozi, braised turtle and so on.