Analysis:

According to the characteristics of ceramic embryo and glaze color in each period.

Generally speaking, the age and kiln mouth can be seen from the tire quality and glaze color. For example, 4000 years ago, Shang and Zhou celadon, also known as primitive celadon, was a low-level stage of celadon, with grayish white and grayish brown tires and a high degree of porcelain. Its glaze color is blue, and the glaze layer is thin and uneven. This is because glazing was used at that time.

Another example is that the glaze color of the Five Dynasties is azure. According to legend, Chai Shizong of the Zhou Dynasty after five generations said that it was sunny after the rain and said to the official who asked him for the color of imperial enamel, "After the rain, Qingyun broke, so the color will be in the future." Therefore, the glaze of the five dynasties porcelain was designated as azure. This kind of glaze is bright and smooth, thin, with a hint of blue in green.

Another example is the plum green glaze of Longquan kiln in Song Dynasty. This is the best color of Longquan in Song Dynasty, and it is a fine product in green glaze. Its color is comparable to high-grade jade. The glaze layer is thick, the glaze is bright, the degree of vitrification is high, the glaze has no stripes, the quality is jade, and its color is similar to that of "Mei" growing on plum trees.

The glaze of Jiangxi porcelain in Yongle in Ming Dynasty, Xuande in Qing Dynasty and Kangxi in Qing Dynasty has its own characteristics. The white glaze in Yongle period is the most famous, with thick enamel color, moist as fat, pure white as jade, smooth glaze, pure white tire color, delicate tire quality and uneven thickness. For example, under strong light, you can see that the fetal glaze is pink, meat red or shrimp red. This feature is not found in other porcelains.

Although the time of Xuande in Ming Dynasty was close to that of Yongle in Ming Dynasty, the glaze color of porcelain fetus was quite different. The same vessel was thicker in Yongle and thinner in Xuande. During the reign of Xuande, the bottom of large tools was mostly unglazed, and there were often red spots on the exposed tires, commonly known as "flint red spots" and rust spots. The imitation Xuande porcelain of Kangxi and Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty did not have this feature.

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, the glaze color of porcelain was white, pure, delicate and hard, and the carcass was the heaviest compared with that of other dynasties. In addition, during this period, two kinds of white glazes were often applied to the same object, and powder white glazes were applied to the inside, mouth edge and outsole of the object. The glaze layer was thin, and there was often small glaze shrinkage at the bottom, and the existing blank tire had spiral traces. The body is glazed with green glaze, which is bright and bright, and the combination of fetal glaze is extremely firm. Two kinds of glazes are applied to a vessel, which is the biggest feature of porcelain produced in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. It is a reliable basis for us to identify the age and kiln mouth of ancient ceramics by mastering the main characteristics of porcelain tires and colored glazes in various dynasties.

Source: Ai Jia Collection