(2) Psychological nursing. Patients with chronic renal failure are seriously ill and have a long course of disease, which often leads to pessimism and disappointment. At this time, we should contact patients more, encourage patients to establish confidence in overcoming diseases, eliminate concerns and maintain a good mental state.
(3) Personal care. The syndrome differentiation of patients with chronic renal failure is mainly due to insufficient positive energy and turbid obstruction. Lack of positive energy weakens external function, while turbid obstruction leads to disharmony between qi and blood, and imbalance of nourishing blood, which makes the patient's condition worse. Therefore, the ward should be ventilated, cold and warm, with sufficient sunshine, and fumigated with vinegar every day.
(4) skin care. Patients with chronic renal failure are full of turbid pathogens, which are easy to attack the skin, or the skin is itchy due to lack of qi and blood. Patients often scratch their skin because of itching, so they should pay attention to skin care to prevent injury and infection. Can be scrubbed with Kochia scoparia decoction, and told to take a bath often, or take a bath with warm water. The appropriate water temperature is about 40℃, which makes the body sweat slightly and is conducive to discharging turbid qi and evil spirits.
(5) Oral care. Patients with chronic renal failure, due to spleen yang weakness, internal dampness, unfavorable stomach qi, excessive phlegm, urine smell in the mouth, thick and greasy tongue coating, affect appetite. Dirty qi inhibits spirit, so oral care is extremely important. Rinse your mouth before and after meals and brush your teeth before going to bed after waking up. When the urine smell is obvious, you can use two flowers, seven leaves and one flower to soak in water. When the mouth is eroded, you can apply ice boron powder to the affected area.
(6) enema operation. Pay attention to the patient's body position, intubation depth, drug temperature and dosage during enema. Before enema, patients are required to urinate and defecate to reduce abdominal pressure and clean intestines. During the operation, let the patient lie on his right side, raise his hips about 10cm, select a thin anal canal, insert it to a depth of about 15cm, and slowly push it in with a 50ml needle tube. If there is resistance, move the anal canal.
If the patient defecates, let the patient take a deep breath to relax abdominal muscles, reduce abdominal pressure, and stop for a while before injecting liquid medicine. The injection dose is generally about 200ml, but it varies from person to person. The purpose is to maintain intestinal energy for 2 hours. If the retention time is short, the enema dosage can be reduced, and the temperature of the liquid medicine is about 40℃. After the liquid medicine is injected, the anal canal should be pulled out, the anus should be gently massaged with toilet paper, and the patient should be told to lie on the left side for 10 minutes to keep the medicine in the intestine.
(7) Method of medication. Patients with chronic renal failure often vomit, and the decoction of traditional Chinese medicine should be concentrated and taken several times. If you take medicine, you can use ginger juice to point your tongue or sugary ginger slices.
Pat the patient's back when vomiting, rinse his mouth with warm water after vomiting, keep it clean, and change contaminated clothes and quilts in time.