In daily life, cooking, frying, boiling and frying are indispensable. In cooking, fires caused by carelessness often occur. So how can we effectively and timely put out the sudden fire in the kitchen? Here are three easy ways.

The first is the plant fire extinguishing method. Please don't panic when the oil level of the oil pan catches fire due to high temperature. You can put the vegetables to be fried into the pot in time, and the oil fire in the pot will go out. Using this method, it is necessary to prevent scalding or oil fire splashing.

The second is the pot cover method. When the flame of the oil pan is not big and there is no fried food on the oil surface, you can tighten the lid and the fire will go out. The fire will go out by itself after a while. This is an ideal method of suffocation and fire extinguishing. But it is worth noting that when the oil pan is on fire, never use water to put out the fire. When water meets oil, it will spill the fried oil outside the pot and spread the heat.

The third is dry powder fire extinguishing method. Usually prepare a small bag of dry powder fire extinguishing agent in the kitchen and put it in a convenient place. Once the switch of gas or liquefied petroleum gas leaks and catches fire, you can quickly grab a handful of dry powder extinguishing agent and throw it at the fire point, and the fire will be put out. At this time, the main switch can be turned off in time. If there is air leakage or fire in other parts except the degassing source switch, the main switch valve should be closed immediately, and the fire will go out automatically. Of course, it would be better to have a small fire extinguisher in the kitchen.

Note: Basic methods of fire fighting

According to the principle of material combustion, combustion must have three conditions: combustible, combustion-supporting material and ignition source, all of which are indispensable. All fire extinguishing measures are aimed at destroying the existing combustion conditions, or making the free radicals in the combustion reaction disappear and stopping the combustion. There are four basic methods of fire extinguishing: reducing the oxygen content in the air-suffocation fire extinguishing method; Reducing the temperature of combustion products-cooling fire extinguishing method; Isolation of combustible materials near the fire source-isolation fire extinguishing method; Restrain the elimination of free radicals in the fire extinguishing method.

First, the cooling fire extinguishing method

The cooling fire extinguishing method is to spray the fire extinguishing agent directly on the burning object, so that the temperature of combustible materials can be reduced below the ignition point, thus ending the combustion. This is the most commonly used fire extinguishing method. The cooling method is mainly to spray water or other fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide to reduce the temperature of combustion products below the ignition point. Fire extinguishing agent does not participate in chemical reaction during combustion, which belongs to physical fire extinguishing method.

At the scene of a fire, in addition to directly extinguishing the fire by cooling, unburned substances can be cooled with water when necessary to prevent the fire from reaching the ignition point. Water can also be used to cool building components, production equipment or container equipment. In order to prevent the deformation of its heated structure and expand disaster losses.

Second, the isolation fire extinguishing method

Isolation fire extinguishing method is to isolate or evacuate burning objects from nearby combustible substances to stop burning. This method is suitable for extinguishing all kinds of solid, liquid and gas fires.

The specific measures to adopt the isolation fire extinguishing method include: transferring combustible, flammable, explosive and combustion-supporting substances near the fire source from the combustion area to a safe place; Close the valve to prevent gas and liquid from flowing into the combustion zone; Eliminate flammable gas or liquid in production devices and equipment containers; Try to stop the diffusion of flammable flammable liquid or flammable gas; Demolition of flammable building structures near the fire source to form a space area to prevent the fire from spreading; And use water flow plugging or explosion to save oil and gas blowout fire; Mud and yellow sand should be used to build dikes to prevent flowing flammable liquid from flowing to the burning point.

Third, suffocation fire extinguishing method

Asphyxiation fire extinguishing method is to prevent air from flowing into the combustion area, or dilute the air with incombustible substances, so that the combustible substances can be extinguished by cutting off oxygen. This fire extinguishing method is suitable for some closed spaces and production equipment.

When suffocation is used to put out the fire at the scene of the fire, incombustible or flame-retardant materials such as asbestos cloth, soaked quilt and wet canvas can be used to cover the combustibles or close the holes; Fill the combustion area with steam and inert gas (such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen); Use the original doors and windows on the building and some production equipment to close the combustion area to prevent fresh air from entering. In addition, if other fighting methods cannot be used, water or foam flooding (perfusion) can be used for fighting if conditions permit.

To put out a fire by suffocation, we must pay attention to the following problems:

(1) The combustion part is small and it is easy to block the seal. This method can only be used when there is no oxidant in the combustion area.

(2) When extinguishing by flooding (pouring), it is necessary to consider whether the substances in the fire can have adverse consequences after soaking in water.

(3) After suffocating and extinguishing the fire, only after confirming that the fire has been extinguished can the hole be opened for inspection. Strictly prevent the closed room or equipment hole of the production device from opening prematurely, which will lead to fresh air flowing into the human body, causing re-ignition or explosion.

(4) When putting out a fire with inert gas, a large amount of inert gas must be filled into the combustion zone to quickly reduce the oxygen content in the air and suffocate the fire.

Fourth, suppression of fire extinguishing methods

Suppression fire extinguishing method is to spray chemical fire extinguishing agent into the combustion area to make it participate in the chemical reaction of combustion, thus stopping the combustion reaction. The fire extinguishing agents that can be used in this method include dry powder, substituted alkyl fire extinguishing agents and substitute products. When putting out a fire, a sufficient amount of extinguishing agent must be accurately sprayed into the combustion zone, so that the extinguishing agent can participate in and block the combustion reaction. Otherwise, the combustion reaction can't be suppressed, and the purpose of fire extinguishing can be achieved. At the same time, necessary cooling measures should be taken to prevent re-ignition.

The fire extinguishing method should be selected according to the nature of the burning substance, the combustion characteristics, the specific situation of the fire site and the performance of the fire extinguishing technology and equipment. Some fires often need to use several fire extinguishing methods at the same time. Therefore, we should pay attention to the timing of fire extinguishing, do a good job of coordination, give full play to the effectiveness of various fire extinguishing agents, and put out fires quickly and effectively.