Tools: paper, colored pens.

1. First, we draw two cute little fish with lines.

Then we line up coral reefs and aquatic plants.

3. Next, we draw lovely seahorses and crayfish.

Finally, decorate some seaweed and paint it with beautiful colors, and our underwater world animals will be finished.

The underwater world is mysterious and fascinating. This article will share a handwritten newspaper of the underwater world. Welcome to read!

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Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: underwater biological species

After decades of investigation and research by marine scientists and technicians, 20,278 species of marine life have been recorded in the waters under our jurisdiction. These marine organisms belong to 5 biological kingdoms and 44 phyla. Among them, the animal kingdom has the most species (12794), and the kingdom of Monnella has the least species (229). The species of marine life in China accounts for about 10% of the total species of marine life in the world, accounting for 50%.

According to the distribution, marine life in China sea area can be roughly divided into two categories: water marine life and tidal flat marine life. Among the marine life in waters, fish, cephalopods (such as squid, also called cuttlefish), shrimps and crabs are the most important marine life. Among them, the species and quantity of fish are the most, which constitute the main body of marine life in waters.

The distribution trend of marine species in the sea area is more in the south and less in the north, that is, there are more species in the South China Sea, but fewer species in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. According to the latest survey data, there are more than 1580 kinds of marine life on Chinese beaches. Among them, mollusks (which we usually call shellfish) are the most, with 5 13 species, followed by 358 species of algae and 308 species of crustaceans (mainly what we usually call shrimps and crabs), and there are few other groups. Like the sea area, the species and quantity of life in the coastal beaches of China are gradually increasing from north to south.

Scientists all over the world are implementing an unprecedented cooperation plan to determine and compile a list of all marine life. How many kinds of creatures are there in the ocean? A survey report integrating global sea area data was released. There are 15304 registered marine fish species, and it is estimated that there are about 20000 marine fish species. There are 265,438+ten thousand species of known marine life, and it is estimated that the actual number is more than 10 times of this number, that is, 265,438+ten thousand species.

The project that scientists are working on is called the Census of Marine Life. It is estimated that it will take 10 years, at least 10 billion dollars. * * * More than 300 scientists from 53 countries will participate in this unprecedented cooperation project, which will allow marine scientists from all corners of the world to cooperate together. Since 2000, an average of three new marine species have been discovered every week. According to the estimation of this research plan, about 5,000 species of marine fish and thousands of other marine life have not been discovered.

The census plan hopes to assess the diversity, geographical distribution and quantity of various marine life and explain how the above situation has changed over time. What is the practical significance of this plan? Marine biological survey can identify endangered species and important breeding areas, which can help fishery management agencies to formulate effective sustainable management strategies. With the discovery of thousands of new marine life, scientists will develop new marine drugs and industrial compounds.

Frederick Glassel of Rutgers University, chairman of the scientific committee for the census of marine life, said, "This is the beginning of the first great discovery journey in the 2/kloc-0 century. More importantly, this is the first global effort to measure all kinds of marine life, let us know what we should do to prevent marine life from continuing to disappear. " The ocean is still an unexplored area, and our understanding of the creatures bred in the ocean is extremely limited. Ronald Dole, the chief scientist of the Census of Marine Life, said: "The diversity of marine life is not only an important indicator of the state of the ocean, but also the key to protecting the marine environment."

Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: marine reptiles

abstract

Reptiles are warm-blooded animals covered with horny scales and breed on land. Among them, there are 24 species of sea turtles and sea snakes related to the sea in China.

Red and black starfish

Reach out a red hand, a starfish. The red starfish is one of the most beautiful marine life on Galapagos Island. The Ophelia family comes in many colors and shapes. There are obvious protrusions or spinous processes on the body surface, and there are many small holes on the back of the body disk.

the Indian Ocean

Sea snake is a poisonous snake that lives in the sea. The nostrils of sea snakes are facing upwards, and the valves can be opened and closed. After inhaling air,

You can close your nostrils and dive into the water 10 minutes. The body surface is covered with scales, and under the scales is thick skin, which can prevent seawater infiltration and body fluid loss. The salt glands under the tongue have the function of expelling excess salt that enters the body with food. The small sea snake is half a meter long, and the big sea snake can reach about 3 meters. They live in coastal waters, especially saltwater estuaries, and feed on fish. Except for a few sea snakes that lay eggs, all others give birth, which is viviparous.

There are 19 species of sea snakes in China, which are widely distributed in the coastal areas of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning and other provinces. Common ones are blue-ringed sea snake, flat-headed sea snake and long-nosed sea snake. Sea snakes can be used as medicine, and have the effects of expelling wind and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals, nourishing and strengthening the body.

Green/Ocean/Turtle

Turtles are the general term for turtles. There are 5 species of sea turtles living in China's oceans (only 7 species in the world), mainly distributed in Xisha Islands and Huidong Port of Guangdong Province, followed by Sanya suburb of Hainan Province and the coastal area of Lingshui County. There are five recorded species of turtles in China Sea, including leatherback turtle, soft-shelled turtle, turtle P, tortoise shell and tortoise shell, all of which are protected by the state.

Turtles are the largest reptiles in the marine world today. Among them, the largest individual is leatherback turtle. It can be up to 2.5 meters long and weighs about 1000 kg, so it is called the King of Tortoise.

The ancestors of turtles appeared on the earth more than 200 million years ago. Ancient turtles and powerful dinosaurs experienced a prosperous period together. Later, after vicissitudes of life, dinosaurs became extinct and turtles began to decline. However, under the protection of the hard shell, the turtles overcame countless bad luck brought by nature and survived tenaciously. Turtles have trekked for more than 200 million years, and are still surviving and reproducing from generation to generation. They are truly ancient, tenacious and precious animals.

Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: marine plants

In the vast and rich ocean, there are many kinds of marine plants besides all kinds of animals. Seaweed is the main body of marine plants and a great natural wealth of human beings. There are 100 kinds of algae that can be used as food. Scientists divide algae into planktonic algae and benthic algae according to their living habits.

floating algae

The algae body of phytoplankton consists of only one cell, so it is also called marine unicellular algae. This kind of organism is autotrophic, has chlorophyll, can carry out photosynthesis and produce organic matter. They are the most important primary producers in the ocean, and they are also the bait for cultivating fish, shrimp and shellfish. Seven species of phytoplankton 18 17 have been recorded in China sea.

Phytoplankton's mobility is very weak, and it can only drift with the current or float in the water very weakly. They have various shapes adapted to floating life, which increases buoyancy. For example, some phytoplankton cells produce a circle of bristles around them; Some have long thorns or protrusions, and these appendages increase the contact surface with water, which can produce great stability and make them float in the surface water with light; Some form groups to expand the floating surface area, and they are small, which is also a good form to adapt to floating life.

Generally, the body diameter of phytoplankton is only a few thousandths of a millimeter, which can only be seen under a microscope, but the shapes are different and almost the same. Most of them are single cells, and many of them are grouped single cells, such as spindle, fan, star, ellipse, cylinder, dendritic and so on.

Benthic algae

Scientists call algae that inhabit the seabed benthic algae. They can adapt to the temporary drought and temporary "freezing" at low tide in winter, and begin to grow and develop normally as soon as the sea water rises. Most benthic algae are multicellular algae visible to the naked eye. The adults of races are only a few centimeters long, such as filamentous algae; Up to 200 ~ 300 meters long, such as giant algae. Benthic algae have strange shapes: some are like belts, such as kelp; Some are like ropes, such as chordates; Some are flaky, such as Ulva and laver; Some are dendritic, such as Sargassum.

Some benthic algae have only a thin layer of cells, such as reef membrane; Some have two layers of cells, such as Ulva; Some are hollow and tubular, such as Enteromorpha; Other algae can be divided into outer cortex, cortex and pith, such as kelp and Sargassum.

Benthic algae are bright and beautiful in color, including green, brown and red. Scientists divide algae into three categories according to their colors: green algae, brown algae and red algae.

Green algae

The body of green algae is grass green. There are about 6,000 species of green algae, 90% of which are produced in fresh water, and only 10% live on rocks in intertidal or subtidal zones. Green algae have single cells and colonies; There are filiform and flaky. The most common marine unicellular green algae is Platymonas, which is rich in protein and is a good bait for small and medium-sized marine animals. The most common multicellular green algae are Ulva and reef membrane (called sea spinach or sea cabbage by fishermen along the coast of China), which are popular marine economic vegetables. There is also Enteromorpha, which can be used to make Enteromorpha cakes. It tastes delicious. In addition, there are feather algae, bracken, sea pine, umbrella algae and so on.

Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: marine animals in underwater world

Coelenterates, also known as echinoderms.

Rock coral, gorgonian coral, red coral, anemone, jellyfish, jellyfish, hydra, mollusk. Such as oyster, abalone, pearl oyster, scallop, clam, clam and sea red (mussel)

Turtle gate

Such as shrimp, lobster, crayfish, krill, whip shrimp, red shrimp, claw shrimp, hedgehog shrimp, drum shrimp, gibbon shrimp, macrobrachium shrimp, rice shrimp, mole shrimp, Ren Mei shrimp, cicada shrimp, mysid shrimp, hooked shrimp, shrimp, vertebrate subfamily of Chordata. Marine fish, such as real sharks, whale sharks, basking sharks, hammerhead sharks, sawfish, tuatara rays and torpedo cephalopods, are all marine carnivores. Including squid, cuttlefish, soft fish, octopus and other major economic varieties.

Muddy sea-Yellow Sea.

The Yellow Sea is yellow because the Yellow River flows in and the river carries a lot of sediment. There are more suspended solids in the sea, and the transparency of water becomes smaller, so the name of the Yellow Sea turns yellow. The Yellow Sea is the coastal base defense in northern China, and also the traffic artery in northern China. Because of the confluence of warm currents, the Yellow Sea is rich in aquatic products, especially the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Coast Beach, which are flat and wide and suitable for saline-alkali land.

Colorful mollusks

In the underwater world, there is a willingness to build "house" animals. They can secrete calcium from their bodies to build "houses" as building materials and use them as their homes. These animals are shellfish. Because their bodies are soft, they belong to mollusks. The "houses" they built are those brightly colored shells. There are many kinds of mollusks, second only to arthropods in the animal kingdom. There are seven kinds, namely, no board, single board, multi-board, double shell, gastropod, bipedal and cephalopod. Except for plankless and veneer, the other five categories are all distributed in the Sea of China. At present, there are 2,557 species of molluscs in China, accounting for more than 1/8 of the total marine species in China.

A wide variety of echinoderms

When you walk in the rocks and seaweed on the beach, you can see starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers and other marine animals. These animals have many spinous processes of different lengths, so they are called echinoderms. Echinoderm's body structure is interesting and radioactive, which is mainly manifested in five kinds of radiation symmetry. Echinoderms are all marine creatures, and they are nowhere to be found on land or in fresh water. So far, about 600 echinoderms have been recorded in China waters.

A starfish appears in two places at the same time.

Starfish is an important member of echinoderms. Five-wrist starfish looks like a five-pointed star, with its mouth on its mouth (light yellow or orange) and its anus on its back (purple or dark brown stripes on a light background). Starfish landed on the abdomen, with five wrists stretched out on the beach or rock in the shallow sea, and crawled unhurriedly with a large number of tube feet (the sports organs of starfish). The unique skill of starfish is that it has the ability to appear in two places at the same time. If you tear the starfish into pieces and throw them into the sea, each piece will soon grow back the lost part, thus growing into several complete new starfish. At present, scientists are exploring the mystery of the regeneration ability of starfish in order to get inspiration and seek new medical methods for mankind.

Handwritten newspaper information of underwater world stick figure: ten most dangerous underwater animals

1, box jellyfish

Among the top ten most dangerous marine animals, box jellyfish won the most dangerous title for its unique lethality. There are many kinds of box jellyfish living in the ocean. Although there is no official record, there is a lot of anecdotal evidence that dozens of people or even more than 100 people are killed by box jellyfish every year.

2. Tiger sharks

But the most terrible shark is not a great white shark, but a tiger shark. In fact, more people die from them. Apart from poisonous snakes, there are few animals that can make people naturally afraid, and sharks are one of them. Tiger sharks can be found in many tropical and temperate waters, especially around the islands in the central Pacific Ocean. Records show that great white sharks attack people more times each year than tiger sharks, but the number of accidents that cause death is not as good as tiger sharks.

3. Stone fish

Stone fish can rank among the top three for two reasons: first, they are the most poisonous fish in the world; The other is that they are masters of camouflage in the animal kingdom, and they can "lurk" quietly at the bottom of the sea like stones, waiting for their prey to take the initiative to come to the door. Although the stone fish will not take the initiative to attack, no one dares to risk close contact with it. The spines on the back of the stone fish can resist attacks by sharks or other carnivores. The released venom will cause temporary paralysis, and if it is not treated, it will die.

4, puffer fish

There is an animal that can kill people even if it is made into delicious food and put on the table. It's puffer fish The puffer fish, also called "puffer fish", carries more toxins than cyanide. Specially trained Japanese chefs will make the safe parts into delicious food, but the tragedy of diners dying of poisoning often happens.

5.sea snakes

Humans have a natural fear of snakes, and it is this fear that makes sea snakes succeed in the list. Although it also releases terrible venom like its counterparts on land, the sea snake's lifestyle is more like a "marine hermit", so it is not very dangerous. When it comes to toxicity, people often compare sea snakes with cobras. The venom they release can paralyze their prey in just a few seconds and eventually lead to death. Fortunately, they rarely attack humans, preferring to kill eels, shellfish and shrimps.

6. Guns

Gun, also known as "lion fish", is a popular pet in domestic fish tanks. This fish looks docile, but the fan-shaped thorns are also surprisingly toxic. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States said that although it will not cause fatal harm to human beings, being stabbed by thorns can also cause headaches, vomiting and difficulty breathing. It is by no means a nuisance.

7.crocodile

Saltwater crocodiles have always been known as "one of the fiercest predators in the wildlife kingdom". They can be more than 20 feet (about 6 meters) in length and weigh 3000 pounds (about 1 360 kilograms). Animals including monkeys, kangaroos, buffaloes and even sharks have become their targets.

8, sting rays

Stingrays are commonly known as "stingrays". From the name alone, we can easily guess that they are a very dangerous animal. In 2006, crocodile hunter steve irwin died after being stabbed in the heart by a stingray. Owen's misfortune undoubtedly enhanced the reputation of stingrays, close relatives of sharks, as "dangerous animals".

9. Sea lions

The reason why sea lions rank among the top ten most dangerous marine animals is that they are highly territorial and will never show mercy to intruders. Sea lions are considered to be intelligent and trainable animals. They are big stars in zoos, but they are also famous for their biting behavior in the animal kingdom.

10, moray eel

Eel's body is like a snake, with a prominent nose and mouth and a wide chin. They are members of the fish family and can be as long as 8 feet (about 2.43 meters). Looking at this primitive animal, we naturally think of death. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States, moray eels have strong jaws and sharp teeth, and the serrated wounds bitten by teeth are easily infected by bacteria in their mouths.

Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: underwater creatures

There are organisms almost everywhere in the ocean, but the species composition and structure of biological communities, as well as the number, individual size, morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics of various groups are very different in different environments. The distribution pattern of marine life and marine environment interact and coordinate with each other. General marine organisms are divided into plankton, swimming animals and benthos according to their lifestyles.

plankton

There is no swimming or weak swimming ability, and the current suspended in the water moves, including bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton (such as diatoms and dinoflagellates) and molluscs (such as jellyfish, pteropods, different kinds of animals, larvae of many marine animals, etc. ). Most plankton are called permanent plankton; Some plankton at a certain stage of life are called stage plankton, such as the larvae of many marine animals; There are also some primitive non-plankton that appear in plankton, such as some low-level crustaceans and shrimps, which are called temporary plankton. Phytoplankton can only live in shallow water; Zooplankton is not, but some can live in deep water below kilometers, and most can move vertically in the water. Generally, plankton is light in weight (light in shell, high in body fat and full of mucus), with large settling resistance (relatively large body with bristles, protrusions and even lumps on the surface) or cilia and flagella moving, which has certain ability.

nekton

Refers to animals with developed motor organs and strong swimming ability. Including fish, mammals such as whales, dolphins and seals, reptiles such as sea snakes and turtles, mollusks such as squid and octopus. As well as large shrimps such as shrimp and lobster, their swimming, speed and speed are also very different. Some species can travel long distances across the ocean, such as tuna; Some swim very fast, such as swordfish, which can swim more than 70 kilometers per hour. Eels move with their whole bodies, and squid and octopus spray water from funnels to push their bodies backward. They sometimes live in upper waters (such as Pacific herring), and some live in middle or lower waters (such as small yellow croaker, red snapper and salmon). Except for the developed swimming organs, most of the bodies are streamlined to reduce resistance and improve swimming speed.

The flora and fauna of the seabed

All kinds of organisms that live at the bottom of marine waters and cannot swim in the water for a long time, including benthic plants (almost all seed plants such as large algae and mangroves) and benthic animals (including benthic species in sponges, coelenterates, lineages, mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms and echinoderms). According to the relationship between benthos and sediments, benthos can be divided into three life types: benthos, benthos and benthic swimming creatures. There are also intertidal creatures on the shore.

benthos

Living on the hard bottom of the sea. Including animals living on various substrates (such as anemones, corals, barnacles, oysters and styela clava), animals attached to life (such as Mytilus edulis, attached diatoms and macroalgae) and animals crawling on the seabed (such as sea urchins, sea cucumbers and red snails). The motor organs of fixed animals are degraded, but the tactile organs are developed, and the larvae live in a floating life, and their distribution area is expanded due to ocean currents. Organisms fixed or attached to ship bottoms, buoys, factory sewage pipes, offshore oil platforms and other offshore facilities are called fouling organisms (including microorganisms, algae and animals). They are harmful to traffic, military and production.

benthos

Living on the soft seabed. Some secrete sticky substances to form pipes or use secretions to bond and deposit particles into pipes and live in them (such as Nereis, Tenebrio molitor, etc.). ); Some have developed digging organs and bury their bodies in sediments (for example, E Long, Chinese clam, amphioxus, etc.). ); Some drill wood (such as ship maggots) and chisel stones (such as corrugated bamboo shoots).

benthos

Have certain athletic ability and can move slowly under water (such as swimming crab).

Intertidal organism

A special benthic organism. After a long period of evolution, benthic organisms have good adaptability to the fluctuation of tides, the impact of waves, the irradiation of sunlight and the change of temperature. Due to the difference of intertidal niche, the distribution of intertidal organisms is very regular and the community structure is relatively clear.

Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper materials: submarine resources types

The seabed includes the international seabed area and the continental shelf area under the jurisdiction of some countries (including the legal continental shelf). The strategic position of the deep sea stems from its vast space and rich resources. Deep seabed resources include:

(1) is distributed in the seabed polymetallic nodules with a water depth of 4000 ~ 6000m and rich in metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese.

(2) Cobalt-rich crusts distributed on seamounts and hydrothermal polymetallic sulphides distributed on mid-ocean ridges and fault active zones.

(3) The protection and utilization of biological communities living in deep-sea hydrothermal vents and mountainous areas have attracted great attention from the international community because of their special living environment.

(4) The total amount of natural gas hydrate mainly found on the continental margin is about1.8-2.1x10/6m3 converted into methane gas, which is about twice the total reserves of coal, oil and natural gas in the world. It is considered as a new energy source with great potential and can be developed in 2 1 century. The deep sea will become a strategic development base of various natural resources in the 2nd/Kloc-0th century, and may form a deep-sea industrial cluster including deep-sea mining, deep-sea biotechnology, deep-sea technology and equipment manufacturing. In the past few decades, the rapid development of knowledge about deep seabed resources will not only significantly increase the resource base of the world, but also bring considerable economic benefits to the world in the future. Most of the newly discovered resources are located on the international seabed beyond national jurisdiction, and some of them are richer than any land mineral deposits. To this end, the International Seabed Authority, which organizes and manages exploration and development activities in the international seabed area, is formulating relevant regulations. In 2000, the Authority adopted the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the International Seabed Area, and is currently formulating a set of similar regulations on prospecting and exploration for polymetallic sulphides and cobalt-rich crusts.

Handwritten newspaper information in the underwater world: the mystery of underwater bioluminescence

Whenever night falls on the sea, people can often see the flashing fire on the sea, like a flame. Ocean luminescence is mainly caused by luminescent bacteria. Among these bioluminescent bacteria, one kind of fluorescein combines with oxygen to produce oxidized fluorescein, and the energy generated by its chemical reaction is released in the form of light, thus emitting light. Marine luminescent bacteria mostly live in tropical and temperate oceans. Most of them grow on fish, shrimp, shellfish, algae and other organisms in a parasitic, saprophytic or saprophytic way, which provides a new light source for these fish, shrimp and shellfish, and is more conducive to foraging and repelling enemies. The light from a melon jellyfish can make people see people's faces clearly in the dark; Daphnia longituba also has strong illumination ability, so it can be used to read newspapers on the ship deck.

In addition to luminescent bacteria, many fungi, crustaceans, insects and seabirds also emit bioluminescence. In the swamp of Africa, there is a glowing firefly with a shiny hard shell on its head, which is equivalent to the brightness of a two-watt light bulb. Local residents catch this owl and keep it in a birdcage, and use it as a flashlight when walking at night.

The light emitted by marine aquatic organisms is "cold light" and there is no consumption of radiant heat energy, so the efficiency of bioluminescence is very high. When an ordinary light bulb (incandescent lamp) is energized, the hot tungsten filament converts about 7%- 13% of the electric energy into visible light, and the rest of the electric energy into invisible light and heat. Biological light can almost convert chemical energy into visible light, and its efficiency is several times to dozens of times that of ordinary electric light sources. For a long time, people have skillfully used this bioluminescence to make profits for themselves. For example, fishermen use sea light to find fish and identify reefs, shoals, sandbars and icebergs. Because biological light source will not produce magnetic field without current, people can do the work of eliminating magnetic thunder under the irradiation of this light flow. With the development of science and technology, the wonderful bioluminescence phenomenon will be further understood by people. One day, the large-scale application of cold light, all kinds of luminous walls or cold light-emitting experiences that do not radiate heat will be born one after another, which will surely cause great changes in people's lives.

How to draw underwater animals We can change the steps of a hippocampus and follow the following steps. We will prepare hard paper and colored pens.

Step 1: Draw a beard on the paper and make the eyes and head of the hippocampus.

Step 2: Then draw the body and horns of the little hippocampus, roll the tail towards the body and draw some small lines on the horns of the little hippocampus.

Step 3: Then draw a trapezoidal little wings on the back of the hippocampus, then draw some lines on the wings on the back of the hippocampus, and then draw black eyes on the hippocampus.

Step 4: Finally, draw an upward curve on the hippocampus.

Step 5: Color the hippocampus.