In the Book of Rites of the Thirteen Confucian Classics, the "public food doctor's ceremony" is: "South roast, west cook, mustard sauce, fish." Zheng Xuan's Note: "Mustard sauce, mustard sauce also". In addition, the Book of Rites also said: "Spring onions, autumn mustard. Dolphin, leek in spring, Polygonum hydropiper in autumn. Mustard, mustard sauce. " Record. In the seventh part of Luo Qi's Poem Garden in the Ming Dynasty, it was recorded that "Yin, fruit is vinegar and sauce (mustard)".
The Book of Rites, which was lost in the Qin Dynasty, was compiled by the editor of the remnants of the late Han Dynasty, and its accuracy is difficult to verify. Zheng Xuan (A.D. 127-200) was born in the Three Kingdoms period, and there is no doubt that mustard sauce was produced in the Three Kingdoms period.
Huangdi Neijing is the bible of traditional medicine in China and the source of medical health preservation for thousands of years. It lists wasabi as the first of the five dishes: "Poison attacks evil, grains support, five fruits help, five livestock benefits and five dishes supplement." The smell combines with it to supplement the essence. These five flavors, pungent, sour, sweet, bitter and salty, have their own advantages, and they are scattered, collected, slow, urgent, firm or soft. The five internal organs are all four seasons, and the five flavors are appropriate for illness. ..... (five dishes) refers to sunflower, epimedium, onion, leek and onion, all of which are complete. According to Wuchang Zheng Da's theory. Great poison cures diseases. "
Wasabi seeds were found in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province.
The Agricultural Book written by Jia Sixie, an outstanding agronomist in the Northern Wei Dynasty in China, is one of the earliest monographs in the history of world agronomy. Qi Yao Min Shu, the most complete agricultural book in China, systematically summarized the experience of agriculture and animal husbandry production, grain processing and storage, and utilization of wild plants in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River before the 6th century, which had a great impact on the development of ancient agriculture in China. The book introduces in detail the seedling raising methods such as vegetable planting, fruit tree cutting, layering grafting and young tree tending technology. Wasabi is the first of 17 vegetables summarized in Qi Yaomin's Book.
Su Song, a famous scholar in Song Dynasty, wrote Illustration, "Kwai is everywhere. Miao leaves taste sweeter when eaten as vegetables. Malva seed is the most commonly used medicinal material in ancient times. There are also hollyhock, mallow, Huang Kui, Zhong Kui and dodder, all of which have a role. " The cultivation and consumption of wasabi by the people can be seen.
Wu (1 127- 1279), a female chef from Zhejiang in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a recipe called "Mustard"-two-year-old mustard seeds were ground, added with water, put in a bowl and sealed with tough paper. Boil the soup for three or five times, soak out yellow water, and cover the ground to cool. When there is gas after pouring, add light vinegar to untie it, and filter the residue with cloth.
The Agricultural Book written by Wang Zhen, an agronomist in Yuan Dynasty, is a comprehensive agricultural book. In the ancient agricultural heritage of China, no agricultural book can be compared with it before Yuan Dynasty. The book wrote: "sunflower is the owner of all kinds of vegetables, and it can prevent hunger and save money, and its roots can cure diseases."
Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty: "Ancient sunflower is the master of five dishes, and the ancients planted it as a regular food." But later, Li Shizhen moved sunflower from vegetable orders to grass orders, and "Compendium of Materia Medica, Grass Five, Kwai" wrote that "ancient sunflower is now called slippery vegetables, and so is it. The ancient sunflowers were the masters of all kinds of dishes. Now they have stopped eating and moved here. " Wu, a botanist in the Qing Dynasty, said in the Textual Research on Plant Names that "winter sunflower is the main dish, which is planted in Jiangxi and Hunan, and Hunan is also called sunflower and cold winter dish. Jiangxi Cai. The turn of the sunflower and the flag is also recorded in the chronicle. Li Shizhen said that it is a mistake for people not to eat today. To the east of Jiebu in southern Hunan is another village with a vegetable garden. For the rest of the classes, Ding Zhongkui is in the second and third districts, and the end of the year is enough. " Wu Qijun corrected Li Shizhen's "misjudgment".
In the Chinese medicine shop, the old Chinese doctor used mustard seed as a medicine for stomach cold, vomiting and chest pain. Zhen Wu (A.D. 1790- 1870), the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty, wrote 46 volumes of Poems about the Kingdom and the County: "If you are upset with your stomach, don't remove mustard scraps at every meal ...".
China has listed wasabi as the first of all kinds of dishes since ancient times, which is spicy, sweet and refreshing, especially for Taoism. It is called eating sunflower every ten days to harmonize the five internal organs. Grain is widely grown in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the continuous introduction and cultivation of other new vegetable varieties, the limitation and change of climate and natural conditions, the increase of population and the decrease of forests, the cultivation of wasabi became less and less. By the Ming Dynasty, sunflowers had left the dining table, which may be the reason why Li Shizhen moved wasabi from vegetable to grass.
Wasabi, in the past hundred years, only Shan Ye and the valley can occasionally see its wild appearance.