GIST is short for gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Cahal stromal cells originated from gastrointestinal tract and are the most common tumors in gastrointestinal mesenchymal tissue. Their biological behavior is complex, and they are considered as tumors with undetermined malignant potential. Clinically, they can be manifested from benign to malignant. Immunohistochemical detection usually expresses CD 1 17 and DOG 1, suggesting the differentiation of Cajal cells. Most cases have KIT or PDGFRA activation mutations, and a few cases involve other molecular abnormalities.

At present, risk classification is often used to evaluate its biological behavior.

According to the location, size, mitotic stage and rupture of the tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumors are divided into four grades: extremely low risk, low risk and medium risk.

GIST can occur in any part of the digestive tract, among which the most common is gastric stromal tumor, accounting for about 40% ~ 60%, followed by small intestine (30% ~ 40%), rectum (5%) and esophagus (< 5%).

GISTs is common in adults aged 50-60, and can also be seen in very young patients. There is no obvious gender difference.