Knowledge points of Chinese Pinyin ① It is allowed to confirm reading 23 initials, 24 finals and 16 whole syllables. (2) accurately read out the light tone and syllables. (3) can write uppercase and lowercase letters in sequence, and can use the word order lookup method to look up the dictionary. ④ Be able to spell syllables accurately and skillfully, use Chinese Pinyin to read and learn Mandarin. ⑤ Know the usage of capital letters. The alphabet aa bb cc DD ee ff gg hh ii jjkkll mm nn oo PP QQ RR ss TT UU vv ww xx YY ZZ initials B P M F D T N L G K H J Q. X zh ch sh r z o s: zhi, chi, shi, ri, zi, ci, siyi, wu, yu, ye, yue, yin, yun, ying, yuan, the first letter of Chinese pinyin is sometimes capitalized, which can be summarized as follows: 1. Capitalize the first letter of the surname and the first letter of the first name. For example, ZhangHui, z and h should be capitalized. When a surname is combined with a position, title, etc., the first letter at the beginning of the surname should be capitalized and the rest letters should be lowercase. For example, Wanglaoshi (Teacher Wang) w should be capitalized. However, titles such as "old", "small", "big" and "A" should also be capitalized at the beginning. For example, XiaoLiu, X and L should be capitalized, and shi, Miss Wang, W should be capitalized. However, titles such as "old", "small", "big" and "A" should also be capitalized at the beginning. For example, XiaoLiu x and l should be capitalized. 2. The first letter of Chinese place names and proper nouns (such as book titles, institutions, groups, etc.) should be capitalized. For example, Beijing (Beijing) B should be capitalized, Shanghai (Shanghai) S should be capitalized and Ningbo (Ningbo) N should be capitalized. If proper nouns are phrases, they should be written word by word, and the first letter of each word should be capitalized. For example, ZhonghuaRenminGongheguo (People's Republic of China), the first letter Z of China, the first letters R of people, * * * and the first letter G of China should all be capitalized. 3. The first letter at the beginning of each whole sentence should be capitalized; If it is poetry, the first letter at the beginning of each line should also be capitalized. 4. The names of trademarks and stores are generally capitalized. Knowledge points of Chinese characters ① Know about 3, commonly used Chinese characters, of which about 2,5 can write. Read the pronunciation correctly, recognize the font, understand the meaning of the word, and understand and use it correctly in reading and writing. (2) can distinguish the learned polyphonic characters, homophones, similar characters and pictophonetic characters; Correct the typo. (3) can skillfully use three dictionary lookup methods, and can define according to words. (4) can write with a pen, the writing speed is not less than 2 words per minute, and the handwriting is neat and neat. Sticking with a brush, the structure is symmetrical and the paper is clean. The following words have many meanings. What do they mean in different words? Please fill in the number in the brackets. Looking at A from a distance, looking forward to B, looking forward to C visiting D, being overjoyed () boundless () venerable () full A is full, reaching the extreme of capacity, B makes full C reach a certain period, D full E meets F proud, indifferent () full scene () contented () Word knowledge points ① You can read and write commonly used words you have learned correctly, and understand their meanings in context, most of them will be used. ② It can distinguish synonyms in a certain language environment and use them correctly. ③ Words can be logically classified according to certain requirements. Use the word "Yan" to form a group of words, and fill them in the brackets in the following paragraph appropriately. Teacher Wang is very concerned about and loves us. He always criticizes and educates students who make mistakes patiently and never () blames them. He often teaches us to be () strict with ourselves, to be () serious about our study, and to stand the test of () at critical moments. Fill in the words, and then write the serial number as required for classification. A water current () is urgent, B hands are busy () C five colors () D eyes () are fast, E is green and lustful () F is surging () G is colorful () H () Mountain () Ridge I is microwave (), which means water current: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ② Master several commonly used rhetorical devices. (3) Distinguish the trunk and branches of a sentence from the perceptual point of view through abbreviation practice; Write sentences more concretely and vividly through sentence expansion exercises. (4) can use commonly used words and related words to make sentences, so that the text is orderly and the meaning is complete. (5) will modify common sick sentences. ⑥ Master the transformation of several common sentence patterns. The sentence changes include: ① the interchange of "ba" sentence, "Bei" sentence and declarative sentence. ② Interchange of declarative sentences, rhetorical questions and exclamatory sentences. ③ Direct quotation and indirect narrative interchange. ④ The exchange of affirmative sentences and double negation. ⑤ Merging sentences with related meanings. 6. Change the order of words in the sentence. If ... just ... Even if ... () It will rain tomorrow, the activity of crossing the river () will still be held. () It will rain tomorrow, so the mountaineering activity () will be rescheduled. Only …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… I can't fix such a big problem. () Please ask the maintenance department to send someone to the door. () It can be fixed. Punctuation knowledge points ① Comprehensive use of commonly used punctuation: period, question mark, comma, pause, colon, quotation mark and exclamation point. ② Know the semicolon. ③ Can understand the different usages and meanings of ellipsis and dash according to the specific context. According to legend, Xu Wenchang went to a friend's house when it was raining. The host wrote a note joking with him. It said, "Stay in rainy days, stay with me." He didn't read it like this. What he read was just the opposite of what he read. Do you know how he read it? "If it rains, will I stay? Stay ""If it rains, I will stay in the day, and I will stay in the day? " "If it rains, stay for a day, leave me?" "Rainy days to stay, leave me? Do not stay! " "Rainy days, stay a day, leave me? Do not stay! " Knowledge points of word accumulation ① Systematically review the words that are required to be mastered in compulsory textbooks, and review and memorize the words that students are easy to make mistakes and confuse again. ② Master common idioms, proverbs and two-part allegorical sayings. ③ Understand the rules of word formation, understand the characteristics of all kinds of words, and classify words. The forms of reduplication are: AABB, clean and tidy, ABAB, discussion and discussion, ABAC, powerful and swaggering, AABC, reluctant to come, ABB, quiet and soft imitation of word structure, Words are written as follows: ① What-How-What-How: Top-heavy and earnest; ② What-How: Weakness of hands and feet; No juxtaposition of limbs; ④ Two related actions are connected: knocking, beating, pushing and shoving; ⑤ Words composed of antonyms: caring about one thing and losing the other; ⑤ Giving a deeper state: hot-(hot) hot-(hot). Present color: Walan pear yellow 8 color-reduplication: red, red, green, oil, 9 words composed of two antonyms: ups and downs, 9 words composed of two synonyms: open and wither. Modify the typos in the following recipes with modification symbols. Cold basin: baked with bean, braised bud, bamboo shoot, mud mule and crab lake, hot dish: stir-fried shrimp, stir-fried Holland bean, grape, stuffy chicken, flat-gu meat slice, dim sum: Indian flying screen, eight-guarantee rice, fruit, sugar water, pineapple baskets and sweet ancient poems. Classification by author: For example, Li Bai's poems include Silent Night Thinking, Looking at Lushan Waterfall and Giving Wang Lun. Wang Wei's poems include "Lu Chai" and "Send Yuan Er Shi An Xi". Du Fu's poems include Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night and Looking for Flowers Alone by the River. According to the content, the spring scenery in the four seasons is described as follows: Wind, Singing Willow, Chunxiao, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, Evening Scenery along the Riverside in Hui Chong, Spring Day, Worthless Garden Visit, Farewell to the Ancient Grass, Jueju and other pastoral scenery: Jiangnan, Village Residence, Small Pond, On the Pond and Fishing for Children. Menshan Mountain, Looking for Flowers Alone by the Riverside, Mountain Walking, Langtaosha, Chile Song, Topic Xilin Wall, Luchai and Wangdongting Frontier Fortress: Liangzhou Ci (two songs), Exile, Saixiaqu, with deep homesickness: Silent Night Thinking, a night-mooring near maple bridge. Life Comprehension of Mausoleum and Bie Dongda: Leyouyuan Scenic Resort, at heron lodge, Jiang Xue, Fisherman's Songs, Bamboo Stone, Lime Songs, Summer Poems, Mo Mei, Bee and a note left for an absent ecluse: Worrying about the country and the people: Topic Lin 'an Mansion, Compassion for Farmers (two songs), Jiangnan Spring and Fishing on the River. Many of the ancient poems we have read are about ancient children, such as "when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree, "My teacher," he answered," went for herbs ""("a note left for an absent ecluse"), which is about a teenager who lives in seclusion in the mountains with his master. How many poems can you write about the life of ancient children? Silent on the horizontal line below and write the title of the poem. The moon is beautiful and holy, giving people infinite reverie. Many poets in ancient China wrote about the moon. Please choose the poem with the word "moon" from the ancient poems you have read and write it down silently. 1. Title () Author () 2. Title () Author () Title () Author () After reading the article "It's drizzling", can you describe your mood with the ancient poems you have learned? Our grass, in that slender and weak body, actually contains how powerful vitality! No wonder the poem "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _" written by ancient poets is still exciting to read after thousands of years. Connect the following famous old sayings with proverbs and words with similar meanings. The big wall is broken. Practice makes perfect, not expensive, but heavy. Small holes don't make up, big holes suffer hardships and practice thousands of songs before they make a sound, while watching thousands of swords before they recognize the device. An inch of time is an inch of gold. The teacher asked you to choose famous aphorisms or poems to decorate the walls of the classroom. What would you choose? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 Explain the famous saying of "modesty": full of losses, modest benefits. -"Book Yu Mo" Humility is based on strength, and arrogance is based on incompetence. -[Germany] Niz humility is the conscience of the body. -[France] Balzac The less you talk about your greatness, the more I will think of your greatness. -[English] Bacon ③ Proverbs describing "accumulation": a thousand small rivers make a great river; A quick fire is not as slow as the sun; Gather dust and mount tai; Swallows hold mud nests. Poems describing "Spring": Du Fu's Looking for Flowers Alone by the Riverside, Ye Shaoweng's The Garden is Worthy, He Zhizhang's Chanting Willow, Yang Wanli's Xugong Store in the New City, and ancient poems describing "parting": Li Bai's Yellow Crane Tower a farewell to meng haoran on his way to yangzhou, Li Bai's Gift to Wang Lun, Gao Shi's Biedong Da and Wang Changling's at hibiscus inn parting with xin jian. Teachers purposefully create situations and design some learning activities to awaken students' accumulation and let students use accumulation correctly. For example: (1) hang "ancient poetry cards" on the flowers and trees in the school. (2) Design slogans for the following places. School canteens, gymnasiums, reading rooms ... (3) Consolidate exercises. 1. Carry out comprehensive Chinese learning activities, including: idioms solitaire, two-part allegorical sayings to fill in the blanks, reading ancient poems, and reading famous sayings. 2. Write as required. (1) Write idioms that begin with the words "one", "hundred", "thousand", "sea", "no" and "you". (2) Write an idiom that means "revolutionary martyrs' integrity". (3) Write an idiom that means "Time flies". (4) Write two famous sayings about "reading is beneficial". (5) Write two ancient poems expressing patriotic enthusiasm. (6) Write two ancient poems describing "autumn scenery". (7) Write two ancient poems describing "friendship". (8) Write two famous sayings about "cherishing time". (9) Write two sentences of "agricultural proverbs". (1) Write two proverbs reflecting "climate". 3. Design slogans for the following places. You can use appropriate famous sayings or create your own. (1) School Garden: (2) Music Classroom: (3) Laboratory: (4) School Dining Room: (5) Gymnasium: (6) Book Reading Room: Knowledge points for exercises (1) Ability to write simple narratives based on self-made topics or propositions. (2) Be able to write various practical articles as needed. (3) The content is specific, the feelings are true, the sentences are fluent, there is a certain order, the writing is neat, pay attention to not writing typos, use common punctuation marks, and have a certain speed. (4) Get into the habit of thinking clearly before writing and carefully revising after writing. Difficulties and Countermeasures (1) Learn to examine questions. (2) Pay attention to material selection. The basic requirements are: ① Close to the center; ② Proper details; ③ Strive for new ideas; ④ Full of true feelings. (3) Pay attention to the beginning, end and transition of the article. (4) The main types of material composition are enlargement, abbreviation, rewriting and continuation. (5) Practical writing should master different writing methods and formats. 6) Attention should be paid to cultivating students' good habit of caring about current affairs and knowing what is happening around them. Since the first case of SARS was discovered in Guangdong, SARS has entered our life. Here, let's talk about the extraordinary measures during the SARS period, very experienced, very experienced. Then I asked to write a notice "Extraordinary measures during the SARS period" and an essay "Extraordinary experience during the SARS period". Design a dialogue scene for Xiao Ming's family according to the materials provided. Requirements: highlight the different views of the characters on the problem; Pay attention to punctuation, and accurately use three different position states of "×× Shuo". According to the arrangement of Hangzhou Education Bureau, starting from this year, Hangzhou will change the traditional one-year two-semester two-holiday into one-year two-semester four-holiday and implement spring break, summer break, autumn break and winter break. Spring break time is two weeks before and after May Day; The summer vacation lasts from mid-July to the end of August; Autumn break is in the first week of November; The winter vacation lasts about three weeks, that is, 5 days before the Lunar New Year's Eve and 15 days after it. After seeing this report, Dad, Mom and Xiao Ming talked about it in succession: