《R&B》(R & amp； B) When it appeared in the mid-1940s, it didn't even have a name. But as soon as the word appeared, it spread quickly and widely. Today, R&; B has become synonymous with black pop music. Early rock music was based on rhythm and rhythm. Mainly B, it is an extension of "country and western music" influenced by pop music. R & ampb is not only an important transitional music between blues and rock music, but also the most important musical branch between blues, soul music, rock and jazz. Of course, Bruce is undoubtedly R&; B is an important part, but the jazz element is equally important. The earliest r &；; B Artists come from the fields of "Big Band" and "Swing Jazz". Before World War II, jazz was far more popular than it is today. It was a kind of music played for dancing at that time, but there were usually singers in the band. During World War II, many important jazz artists began to develop "Be Bop" and "Cool Jazz", which had few dance elements. However, influenced and restricted by wartime economic and military factors, "big bands" began to decrease gradually. But listeners, especially those in the rapidly growing African-American community in big cities, still want to hear dancing music. Therefore, in order to adapt to the audience, musicians made a "Boogie" with louder volume, more electro-acoustic instruments and repeated fragments. The famous r&; The best singers include Lu Zhenyu and big shots. Y's original single "To Tao Zhe". Best singer of r & juno records.
jump blues
R& became popular for the first time; B style usually refers to "jumping the blues". It not only absorbs the swing rhythm and symbol-based arrangement in jazz, but also absorbs the reply and harmony structure commonly used in blues. Perhaps the most important pioneer of this style was cab calloway. In jump blues, the singer's voice is harsher, the rhythm is faster, and the performance of musical instruments is different-the piano is played harder, and the saxophone's voice is longer and sharper. The most important and popular "Pop Blues" star is louis jourdan, whose records are equally successful among black and white audiences. He also deeply influenced Chuck Berry. Many early blues dancers came from Los Angeles, where a huge black community was formed during the Great Depression and World War II. In the late 1940s, more cities began to have their own "jumping blues" stars. Independent L.A. record companies "Specialty" and "Aladdin" not only filled the gap in this field of big record companies, but also made themselves successful by publishing "jump blues". Joe Liggins, Tiny Bradshaw, Amos Milburn and Camille Howard, artists who have been completely forgotten, all achieved great success in the "jump blues" at that time and became the most beautiful black musicians of their time. "Dancing the Blues" was later changed into several different styles. The singer, known as the Screamer, adds more energetic gospel music and soul to the formal singing style of "Big Band". Big Joe Turner started his career as an artist in a jazz band in Kansas. He is R&; B and "Jazz", he not only easily changed from "Jazz" to R &；; B, even wrote some early classic rock songs. In addition, Winoni Harris, Roy Brown, Roy Milton and Nappy Brown were also important musicians in the megaphone from the late 1940s to the early 1950s, although their fame was not as good as Turner's. In the early 1950s, Jerry Wexler of Billboard magazine renamed R&B as an Atlantic record company with "race" music; Jerry popularized "dancing the blues" to pop music listeners and teenagers. The records of early "Atlantic" stars [Ruth Brown, Laverne Baker, Drifter, Chuck Willis] maintained this preference for "jump blues", but their rhythms, replies and lyrics began to converge with the later rock music. In fact, Baker and Willis also relied on some songs loved by young listeners and achieved different degrees of success in the early rock music field. From the early to the mid-1950s, rock music began to appear. Some and r &；; B There are obviously different types of music, which exert great influence on pop music culture with their own strength. Such as "Doo Wop" band, "Electro-acoustic Blues", "New Orleans R& etc.; B "and so on. The influence of these music in the history of rock music even surpassed that of earlier and more popular jazz. B. A considerable number of artists not only survived in the 1950s, but also published R&; B record has been successful and recognized. Ike Turner, Ivor Joe Hunt, Faye Adams, Winona Carr, Big Mother Thornton, Big Maybelle, these people are not pure blues. The blues singers Bobby "Blue" Brand, Junior Puckle and Little Milton combine "electronic blues" with "soul music" and cannot be called pure rock singers. Occasionally, singers like Johnny Ortiz, "Screamin'Jay Hawkins" and Wilbert Harrison can win recognition among rock music audiences through their most popular and understandable songs. Harrison's Kansas City is a popular jump blues song.
R & popularize b
Some singers in the 1950s began to make R&; B is more popular than before-adding obvious elements of "gospel music" and church music. Today, we still remember those great names: ray charles, james brown, Michael Jackson, Jackie Wilson, Little Willie John, Johnny Ace, Jesse Belwin and Clyde McFett. As godfathers of soul music, some of them later became superstars of soul music in the 1960s, such as Charles and Brown. Others, such as Mike Fett and John, quit the music stage because of the changes of the times and unsolvable personal problems. For R&; B, the commemorative significance and the belated cheers given today can not change the predicament it faced at the beginning-the early R&; B records are hard to be accepted by all new listeners. And R & in the 1940s and 1950s; Singers and record companies pay more attention to entertainment than to promoting diverse works of art. So in R&; In the heyday of B, the songs people heard were all composed of similar harmony, progressive mode and arrangement. However, despite R&; B has changed a lot since its birth, but it still retains an extremely important part of rock music, soul music and rap music, and plays a role behind the music. R & ampb female singer Rihanna
origin
Origin-Bruce R&; B's predecessor appeared in the black area of America in the 1940s. At that time, not many people could afford colorful entertainment. Music-loving blacks like to gather in the street after dinner and play music with simple instruments such as guitar and harmonica to express their feelings about life, work and leaving home. This led to the development of B's predecessor, the blues-R. With the invention of tapes and the emergence of more and more small radio stations, blues music began to jump out of the black circle and became popular in Chicago. I don't know if it's because blues music has been spoken for too long, and fans are eager to hear blues songs with strong rhythm, bright rhythm and less sad content. However, the word r & ampb was originally a music marketing term created by Jerry Wexler of American Billboard magazine in 1947, which replaced race music (originally from the black community, but considered very unpleasant by the post-war society) and1billboard category Harlem Hit Paradox in June 1949. This word was originally used to define rock music with 12 blues format and boogie-woogie with back beat, and later this music was transformed into the basic elements of rock and roll. In Rock &; Roll: an unmanageable history "(1995), refer Palmer defined rhythm and blues as any kind of music created by a headline. In Deep Blue published by him 198 1, Palmer used the phrase "r&; As the abbreviation of jump blues, Lawrence Cohn, the author of Nothing But the Blues, wrote that rhythm and blues was invented by the umbrella company $ TERM Industry Conference. Besides classical music and religious music, Rhythm and Blues includes all black music, except that it is a gospel song, and its sales volume is enough to enter the pop music charts. In the1960s, R&B was used to summarize soul music and funk music. Nowadays, the abbreviation of R & ampb is almost always used instead of full rhythm blues. Referring to the modern soul developed by disco and the pop music influenced by funk, the mainstream usage of this word is not so popular. Musicians adapt to the changing tastes of the public, and add piano, drums, sexualism and ultra-new technology-electric guitar to their works, so that the audience can dance with this new school of blues with strong rhythm, which has achieved a classic "rhythm accusation". We can't forget the classic New Jack Swing Era, R&; B is hip hop, r &；; B's great fusion, each album is a classic new jack swing fast-paced song plus 2-3 folk songs, which is the unified standard of that era.
The sound quality is changeable.
Both the timbre of singing and musical instruments will have great changes. Sound quality is the "texture" of sound. When we hear Mud, we will feel that Xu Zhian sings very sadly; The sound of the wooden boy flute often gives us a very lively feeling. This is the sound quality effect of different songs and instruments. At R & ampb's works, such as Wang Leehom's Unbelievable, make westernized music (especially jazz music) amazing. His music is the most profound fusion of Beijing opera singing and blues singing, and depicts a splendid picture of the fusion of Chinese and western. His songs basically use R &；; In the form of B, such as Jay Chou's Bullfighting or The Lady, we can easily find that whether it is the opening paragraph or the chorus, whether it is music or sound, it is treated differently. The singing part and instrumental part often echo each other-in R&; In song B, when the singer sings some sounds, the music part or chorus singer will play/sing those sounds repeatedly, just like "asking and answering questions" or making them sound like echoes. Another characteristic of R& is that some phrases and sentences will be repeated many times. Just like the continuous "I don't, I don't, I don't" in Tornado, it is an obvious example.
Edit this modern rhythm and blues
The word R & ampB is defined as African-American pop music today, which originated in the1980s after disco music and blended black soul music, funk music, pop music and hip-hop (after 1986). Only r &；; The abbreviation of word b is ideographic. Modern research and development; B's arrangement features include the style of recording in electronic form, the mechanical rhythm of analogy drum, and soft, round and rich singing. Although it is different from the more exciting and emotional music category of Black Soul songs, there are indispensable overlapping elements between them, especially in hip-hop music categories such as New Jack Swing, Hip-hop Soul and New Soul.
Edit the representative of this paragraph.
R& In recent years, B genre has gradually become familiar to everyone, and there are many forms, including classical R & etc. B. Latin r&; B, popular R &；; B these three points. R& ampb technique is also used to add color to pop music, and many pop music are labeled as R&; B label is r &；; B fans are called "impure" and controversial, but R&; B the trend of popularization is also obvious. The R & ampb music scene in China has yet to be developed, but it also has a bright future.
Representatives of the Asian region:
Taiwan Province Province's first singer R&; Yu Chengqing ~ Hongkong first sang R&B; B is Alejandro Delfino ~ Then in the middle and late 1990s, Sony Records in Taiwan Province Province boldly introduced R&; B style, whose singers CoCo Lee and Wang Leehom sing R&; B. But this is just R &；; In the embryonic stage of B, it was not until 1997 that Tao Zhe introduced the first pure R&; B album. Then Jay Chou, Wen Lan, Zhang Zhicheng, Tiger Hu, JJ Lin, Fang Datong, Vae and so on. . . . . . With the appearance of Jay Chou, he broke through the original theme and form of Asian music, blended various music materials and created various song styles, especially hip-hop or rhythm and blues, which blended Chinese and western styles, and was the first sound to create "Chinese style" of China pop music. The appearance of Jay Chou broke the stagnation of Asian pop music for many years and turned a new page for Asian pop music. In Jacky Cheung's words, 8 of 10 singers are in R&; B, there were only two things that used to sing Pop ~ Now the slow songs are a bit like R &；; B's melody can only be regarded as popular in a strict sense ~ If someone asks what is the most popular music in the Chinese language circle after 2000, most people will answer: "R &；; B ",some people with a certain knowledge of music will say," similar to R &；; B: Yes, the year 10 passed quickly in 2 1 century. Almost all the slow songs we have listened to in recent years are in Chinese R&; B China: Yu Chengqing, Alejandro Delfino, Tao Zhe, Jay Chou, Fang Datong, Wang Leehom, Alejandro Delfino, Hins Cheung, Vae, Awakening, Zhou Bichang, Hu Yanbin, etc. Japanese: Kōnosuke Matsushita, Hiroshi Udo, Kuraki Mai, Kenji Hirai, etc. South Korea: Li Haili Brown-eyed Girl, Li Shengji, Flying to the Sky, SG Wanna Be, PARAN, SeeYa Hwayobi, Whee-sung Choi, RAIN, GAVY NJ, Kim Jong Kook and other European and American representatives: dionne warwick, the top American singer, can be said to be the initiator of R & ampb and the cousin of Whitney Houston. American pop diva Whitney Houston is recognized as the world R&; Queen B. R & amp；; of American pop singer Mariah Carey; This music is easy in tone, catchy, delicate in voice and lyrical. B's good song. And for "R&; The combination style of "B singer+rap" has an unprecedented impetus and can even be called the founder of this style. Michael Jackson, a the king of world pop singer, combines many musical elements, but R&; B is the most famous and his main musical style. Many classic singles such as "Beat It" and "Billie Jeans" are R&: B best-selling single. American first-line singer Beyonce is R&; B is one of the representatives, wild, sexy and rhythmic. Speaking of R &；; B, craig david can't help but mention NME magazine praised him as "the most perfect and outstanding singer in the British R & ampb music scene", and his R & B There are many songs, and the classic must be 7 days. The music overlord of R & B, the music overlord of R kelly R & nbsp;, has won four Grammy Awards, four American Billboard Ranking Awards and three Soul Train Music Awards, and won the Music Creation Award of Broadcast Music (Inc) for six consecutive years, which is also an R&D in the 1990s. B. the male artist who won the most singles in pop music. Luo Kaili's music always touches people deeply. In his creation, there are elements of love songs in the 1970s, which are expressed by lyrics in the 1990s, giving R&; B's music is brand-new, and his music has been highly praised by R&; Music singers and fans in the B world admire it and love it. In 2003, the latest album "Chocolate DreamWorks/Chocolate Factory" also won the first place in the first week of release. Luo Kaili's creation not only laid the foundation for himself. B The status of the king of music has also set a peak for other pop singers, such as Michael Jackson's You Are Not Alone, toni braxton's I Don't Want to, and Celine Dion's I am Your Angel. Young neo pays attention to rhythm, and you can hear the beats of various instruments in his music. Representative tracks include getting sick because of you, making it work and so on. Among them, because you have a particularly strong sense of rhythm, people unconsciously beat the beat. Baby-faced music makes people feel very comfortable, just like natural sounds, which can be heard from loneliness. And "I don't know baby face, I don't know r &；; B's statement "Boyz II Men R & amp90; R&, the representative group of the golden age, was in that era; There are many B men's groups, and boyz ii men's groups stand out from them with their unique perfection and harmony, and become the representatives of the 1990s. Justin Timberlake is also a very popular R & ampb king, and he can perfectly interpret R&; B's rhythm and melody, falsetto is very sexy, especially many songs written by Timbaland for him, have stayed on billboards for a long time. He is called "the king of pop music". By the way, timbaland is a quite famous R&; The songwriter B wrote many songs for Justin and Madonna. Of course, he also sings. On behalf of the song, there is an apology (&; A Republic), implementation and so on. Day 26 is a new American band in 2008, a pure R&; B, if you can't say it, listen to it yourself Although some songs are not very good, most of them are well written. Recommended: The truth is a lie, just beginning, starring, since you have left, are we together? British Chinese singer Huang Wei has been very popular on the Internet recently. B singer, his music is delicate, gentle and beautiful. The background of Asian descent makes his music unique in the east, and the growing environment of westernization also makes his R&: B more international. Representative songs include "All Night" and "Fighting for You". Rihanna, the pop queen of Barbados, is also R&; One of the representatives of B singer, R&; B singing is very energetic, and the super-energy special voice makes R &；; B has a different taste.