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Dietary customs of long summer in the north
1, noodles
The long summer season is the season when wheat comes on stage. Old Beijing pays attention to eating noodles to celebrate the wheat harvest. It is said that the custom of eating noodles in the long summer originated in the Jin Dynasty. At that time, eating noodles was to commemorate the festive taste of the northern wheat harvest, and it also meant good weather and good harvest in the coming year. There is a saying that summer is a new day. Eating noodles in the long summer can strengthen the body and bring good luck to people.
Old Beijing likes to eat Zhajiang Noodles. Slag river surface is rich in vitamin B 12 and protein, which is nutritious. However, the fat content of pork on the slag river surface is too high, and it is easy to get fat if it is eaten frequently, which will easily lead to excessive oil intake. It is suggested that when eating noodles with dregs, you can put less lean meat and more side dishes such as cucumber and shredded radish to reduce the calories contained in a bowl of noodles with dregs.
Besides Zhajiang Noodles, Beijingers like noodles with gravy best. To make noodles with noodles, first boil the yellow flowers, fungus and Tricholoma in hot water. Don't pour the water out of the mushrooms after washing. Filter out and marinate. Put onion ginger and cooked pork belly into a soup pot, slice them, put them into the pot together with yellow flowers, auricularia auricula and Tricholoma, add the cooked broth and mushroom water, add salt and soy sauce to taste, thicken them, then add the broken eggs, take them out and pour them into the soup pot, and marinate them. Before cooking, stir-fry some pepper oil with an iron spoon and pour it on the brine while it is hot. When it hisses, pepper smells everywhere, and you're finished.
2. Summer cake
There are three kinds of pasta in long summer: summer cake, flour cake and spring rolls. Summer cakes, also known as hemp cakes, have different shapes, such as riding a horse by the champion, sending a child by Guanyin and holding a peach by a monkey. In modern times, oyster cakes are mostly used instead. Summer cakes are often used by mothers to give to their married daughters. Eating summer cakes in the long summer is said to be neither sick nor thin.
Making summer cakes is not complicated, there are two kinds: sweet and salty. The sweet ones are mainly sesame and sugar. Salty, rich, with salt, leek, minced meat, shrimp, mushrooms, carrots, eggs and so on.
Summer cake is made by pressing the mixed noodles into pancakes, wrapping them with shredded pork and leeks, and frying them in a pot. The family sat together and tasted cakes, which was fruitful and enjoyable.
3. Spring rolls
Spring rolls are divided into two parts: cakes and vegetables. The pancake for rolling vegetables must be a freshly made pancake with hot noodles, round, thin and smooth. The rolled cake must be lightly coated with oil, in order to prevent the cake from sticking to the cake, and at the same time it tastes smoother. There are crispy vegetables in it, which are both soft and hard and taste first-class.
Vegetables for spring rolls are generally selected at will, and most families will choose simple bean sprouts, leeks and so on. Some also put shredded pork, shredded bamboo shoots, chopped green onion and so on. The more advanced spring rolls are made of shredded chicken or oysters, shrimps, mushrooms and leeks.
Spring rolls evolved from the custom of eating spring rolls that day in ancient beginning of spring. The Spring Festival began in the Jin Dynasty, and was originally named Five Hearts Plate. It is said that there was a scholar in Fuzhou during the Song Dynasty. In order to prepare for the exam, he buried himself in his studies all day and often forgot to eat and sleep. It is useless for his wife to persuade him again and again; I thought of a way: grind the rice into pancakes, put the radish meat in them and wrap them into rolls, which can be eaten as both rice and radish. This snack was later named spring rolls and gradually became popular in urban and rural areas.
4. Cake
In addition, old Beijingers eat scones in the long summer. Baking a cake is easy to make. In fact, they are made of buckwheat noodles. Cold salad in summer, fried in winter, seasoned with pickled shredded carrots, garlic paste and Chili oil, and seasoned with mixed sauces such as sesame sauce, mustard sauce, soy sauce and vinegar. , all delicious.
Although the color of scones is not good-looking, many old Beijingers still like scones. Mainly because the raw material of scones "buckwheat" has great nutritional value. According to Compendium of Materia Medica, buckwheat "can strengthen the stomach, replenish qi, nourish the mind and refine the five internal organs. When you eat, it is good to eat poison. "
Now, after scientific verification, buckwheat is a nutritious food containing phosphorus, calcium, iron, amino acids, fatty acids and linoleic acid, which has dietotherapy effect on patients with heart disease, hypertension and diabetes, and is one of the first choice foods for these patients. But buckwheat is a cold food, which is not suitable for digestion and should not be eaten more.
There is also the custom of "tasting early in the long summer". People taste seasonal food for health and good luck. Such as eating cherries, buds, green beans, garlic sprouts, amaranth, green plums and other newly listed fruits and vegetables. While eating the above foods, you might as well eat more seasonal foods.
Traditional food in the long summer.
1, eggs
Eating eggs in the long summer can not only stand the test of "summer", but also bring a complete life. There is a custom of eating eggs in long summer, which can prevent common symptoms such as loss of appetite, fatigue and emaciation in summer. Eggs have the effect of calming the nerves and nourishing the heart.
2. Wheat silkworm
During the long summer festival, farmers in suburban counties of Shanghai make strips of wheat flour and sugar, which are called "wheat silkworms". When people eat them, they can avoid "summer". In the long summer, tender grass heads and rice noodles are fried into cakes, which are called "stalls" and are deeply loved by Shanghai and Pudong people. Sugar plum, fermented grains, salted eggs, etc. It is also a seasonal food, calling it fresh and tasting it "three new".
3. Black rice cake
Black rice cake is also one of the traditional long summer snacks in Ningbo. It is made by mashing black leaves and soaking them in water, soaking glutinous rice with black leaf juice to dye it black, then steaming the soaked black glutinous rice with sugar and pressing it into glutinous rice cake by hand, which has a faint black leaf flavor.
4. Long summer rice
In the old Long Summer Festival, red beans, soybeans, black beans, mung beans and other five-color beans were mixed with white rice to make "five-color rice", which was called long summer rice. At present, some families in urban and rural areas in Ningbo still retain this ancient style, but the ingredients of long summer rice have been replaced by five other foods: broad beans, soybeans, bamboo shoots, mustard greens, and bacon or bacon, which is called five kinds of rice.
5. Long summer tea
In order to welcome the long summer, China and Jiangxi also have the custom of drinking tea in the long summer. It is said that if you don't drink long summer tea, you will suffer all summer. On the long summer day, women will gather seven kinds of tea and cook with them. It is said that Chang Xia drank seven kinds of tea, which can ensure that you will not feel sleepy all summer.
6. Long Summer Soup
Eating glutinous rice flour mixed with rat grass in summer is called "Long Summer Soup". As the saying goes, "Eat the soup in the long summer, and the crushed stone will be trampled into a pit", "Eat a ball in the long summer and cross the river with one foot". There is often a strong wind around long summer, which is called "Dragon King Storm". In summer, when the east wind blows, it is generally believed that there will be floods. As the saying goes, "long summer brings east storms." When it thunders in summer, there will be more thunderstorms in the future As the saying goes, "It thunders every three days in the long summer".
7. Face
Wheat is planted in northern China, and long summer is the season for wheat to appear. Therefore, in most parts of the north, people are used to making and eating pasta in the long summer to celebrate the wheat harvest. There are three kinds of pasta in long summer: summer cake, flour cake and spring rolls.
8. Black rice
Black rice is made by squeezing black rice leaves (also known as refined green leaves) and soaking glutinous rice in steamed rice. It is said that eating black rice in long summer will not bring summer, but it can dispel wind and detoxify, and black mosquitoes dare not bite.
9, three fresh
The three flavors of long summer are also called "eating three flavors in long summer" or "seeing three new things in long summer" Three chords are generally divided into "three chords of the earth", "three chords of the tree" and "three chords of the water". The three fresh plants are broad bean, amaranth and cucumber (amaranth, broad bean and garlic sprout). There are few cherries, loquats and apricots (once said plums, apricots and cherries). The three kinds of fresh water are conch, puffer fish and shad (shad, pomfret and yellow croaker).
10, Qijiazhou
In the long summer, in the rural areas of eastern Zhejiang, there is a custom of eating "seven porridge", that is, farmers give beans and rice to each other in the neighborhood and cook a pot of porridge with yellow sugar, which is called "seven porridge". It is said that after eating this kind of porridge, the neighborhood is harmonious, and they are bent on going to Xia Geng for summer sowing.
What do you eat for health in long summer?
grape
Sweet and sour, it has the effects of nourishing qi and blood, strengthening bones and muscles and facilitating urination. Rich in a variety of nutrients, it has nourishing and exciting effects on brain nerves; Because of its high iron and potassium content (especially raisins), it is an important source of iron and potassium supplementation, which is beneficial to correct anemia and stabilize the electrophysiological function of myocardial cells.
lotus seed
It is slightly cool, sweet and astringent, and has the functions of nourishing heart, strengthening spleen and tonifying kidney. Besides containing protein, sugar, a small amount of fat and vitamins, it is also rich in minerals such as phosphorus, calcium and iron. Liensinine has the effects of strengthening heart, lowering blood pressure and calming sexual desire.
jujube
It is warm and sweet, and has the functions of nourishing blood, calming nerves, invigorating qi, promoting fluid production, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, and relieving medicinal properties. Besides being rich in amino acids, sugars, vitamins and various minerals, it also has the functions of regulating substance metabolism and cell proliferation and division, dilating blood vessels, improving myocardial nutritional status, enhancing myocardial contractility and stabilizing normal heart activity. Flavonoids and dammarane soap contained in it also have sedative, hypnotic, antihypertensive, anti-fatigue and endurance effects respectively. Because it is rich in vitamins, the content of vitamin C ranks first among fresh fruits, which is 82 times that of apples, so it has the reputation of "natural vitamin pills".
wheat
Cool and sweet, it has the functions of nourishing heart, tonifying deficiency, stopping sweating, clearing away heat and relieving annoyance. Rich in starch, protein, calcium, B vitamins, vitamin E, lecithin and other nutrients, especially vitamin E, it is an essential nutrient to protect the normal functions of human blood, heart, bones, muscles and nerves. Choline, lecithin and arginine contained in it can enhance memory and improve intelligence. In addition to abundant vitamin B and protein, wheat bran also contains an active element, which can regulate nerves, clear away heat, relieve annoyance and moisten viscera.
longan aril
Warm in nature, sweet in taste, beneficial to the heart and spleen, nourishing qi and blood, calming the heart and calming the nerves. It contains a variety of organic acids, amino acids, protein, and is rich in minerals and vitamins, which is beneficial to the whole body. It also contains adenine, choline and other substances that are particularly beneficial to brain cells, and has the functions of eliminating fatigue, enhancing memory and resisting aging. It is found that longan pulp contains an enzyme, which can obviously inhibit the activity of accelerating aging in vivo, so it has obvious anti-aging effect.
soybean
Most beans are rich in protein, and the protein content of soybean (soybean) is as high as 40%, which is higher than animal protein. Soy protein contains no cholesterol. Compared with protein in other plants, chloroacetic acid in soybean protein is more complete and reasonable. So it is absolutely deserved to be called "protein gold".
Protein is the main energy source of the body, and we need protein to provide power for our every move. In addition, with the passage of time, protein in human body is constantly consumed and updated. Without it, damaged cells cannot be repaired and regenerated, and the body will soon age. Compared with energy supply, protein's "repair and regeneration" function is more important and magical!
Animal liver and beef are excellent sources of animal protein. Among plant proteins, beans, nuts, avocados and apples are also good choices.
(edible) auricularia auricula
Auricularia auricula contains 98 mg of iron per100g, which is about 5 times higher than that of pig liver with the highest iron content in animal food and 30 times higher than that of spinach with the highest iron content in green leafy vegetables.
Without iron, we have no fresh blood, and fresh blood is an important part of hemoglobin. If iron is deficient, it will lead to general weakness, irritability, forgetfulness, pallor, dizziness and palpitation. In addition, iron is an unknown "gastrointestinal nutrient". Once lacking, harmful bacteria will accumulate and multiply in the stomach, which will not only lead to gastroenteritis, but also lead to the risk of gastric cancer.
oyster
Compared with the international dietary nutrient supply standard 15 mg per person per day, any kind of oyster can exceed the standard. Every100g of oyster contains about16-182mg of zinc. Zinc is an essential trace element for human body. If zinc is lacking, the first two "windows of the soul" will be affected, such as dry eyes and poor eyesight.
At the same time, zinc can also promote the growth and development of various organs and tissue regeneration, the most common performance is to maintain the healthy luster and elasticity of hair and skin.
Zinc mainly exists in marine products and animal viscera, such as beef and kelp. There is not much zinc in vegetables and fruits, and apples and Chinese cabbage are among them.
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