However, there are also some kidney friends who are often confused. Nephrotic syndrome is a kind of nephropathy, which has many pathological types, not just a kind of nephropathy, such as membranous nephropathy, minimal change nephropathy, FSGS (focal glomerulosclerosis) and so on.
Besides proteinuria and edema, what other signals can suggest nephrotic syndrome?
Hyperlipidemia and hypoproteinemia often occur simultaneously. Renal injury leads to metabolic disorder, abnormal lipoprotein and continuous increase of blood lipid. The leakage of a large amount of proteinuria and the abnormality of lipoprotein will lead to malnutrition in the body and lead to hypoproteinemia.
Most of this kind of nephropathy has a small risk of uremia!
Compared with other types of nephropathy, the purpose of nephrotic syndrome nephropathy treatment is very accurate, which is to reduce the level of proteinuria, thus improving symptoms such as edema and low protein, and reducing the impact on renal function.
Minimal lesions of primary nephrotic syndrome, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and membranous nephropathy are relatively easy to treat in the early stage, and the risk of uremia is low.
What are the most commonly used drugs to reduce renal comprehensive urine protein?
The first category: glucocorticoid+immunosuppressant combination. Undoubtedly, this kind of combination drug is the most commonly used drug to treat proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome.
Relatively speaking, patients who are sensitive to hormones will have a certain degree of proteinuria reduction in 4-8 weeks. Different pathological types, age, constitution, weight and other factors are slightly different. Patients who are dependent on hormones can generally maintain proteinuria at a low level by insisting on the use of hormones, but the drug is reduced or stopped too quickly, and there is a risk of recurrence. Therefore, in order to consolidate the results in the treatment process, immunosuppressants can be added appropriately. Patients with hormone resistance are not sensitive to hormones, and the indexes decrease slowly. Increasing immunosuppressants can enhance the inhibition of inflammation, and proteinuria can be gradually reduced.
Immunosuppressants, such as cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, leflunomide, etc. It has different effects on different pathological nephropathy.
Category II: Two kinds of drugs, such as sartan or Pulitzer, belong to angiotensin inhibitor antihypertensive drugs. It is more suitable for nephrotic syndrome with hypertension symptoms, so how to reduce protein?
Studies have shown that these two drugs can improve the permeability of glomerular basement membrane, reduce glomerular arterial hypertension, and then reduce glomerular damage, thus improving the persistent leakage of protein and delaying the deterioration of renal function.
It is often used for diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, lupus nephritis and other secondary nephropathy, and has multiple effects of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, lowering protein and protecting kidney. More suitable than hormones.
However, it should be noted that both drugs have some side effects of increasing creatinine and blood potassium. Patients with renal insufficiency and renal failure need to monitor these two indicators and renal function.
The third category: Tripterygium wilfordii has a certain immunosuppressive effect, which is different from the above immunosuppressants and belongs to traditional Chinese medicine. Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets are often used after processing. It can improve glomerular cells, but some side effects can not be ignored.
In particular, it will affect fertility, and both men and women have problems in this regard. Therefore, for young patients and women of childbearing age, tripterygium wilfordii related drugs are generally not recommended.
In order to consolidate the treatment results and keep proteinuria at a low level for a long time, besides taking medicine, kidney friends should also pay attention to daily care, such as reducing infection, high-quality low-protein diet and proper exercise to enhance immunity.