The proportion of nutrition should be suitable for children's needs.
Although the growth and development of children in this period is not as fast as that in infancy, it is still faster than that of older children and adults, and the demand for nutrients is still high. The demand for energy, protein, fat, minerals and vitamins has reached about 50% of that of adults, among which the demand for protein is 40-50g per day and the demand for fat is 35-40g per day. However, parents often don't realize the large nutritional needs of young children at this stage, and often let them eat ordinary family meals prematurely. Although children's gastrointestinal function and digestive enzymes are more mature than infants, their chewing, digestion and absorption functions are still not perfect. In view of the above situation, children must adopt a balanced diet with proper proportion of nutrients, and the supply ratio of protein, fat and carbohydrate should be 1: 1.2: 4, which should not be neglected. After weaning, if children are only given rice porridge, steamed bread, bread, noodles, soft rice and vegetable soup, protein and fat will be in short supply, which will inevitably lead to poor growth and low disease resistance; If only fish, meat, eggs and milk are given, the supply of carbohydrates is insufficient, and the energy demand is often unable to be guaranteed; If you seldom eat vegetables and fruits, it will lead to the lack of minerals and vitamins and induce the lack of various nutrients. In order to ensure that children can get a balanced intake of various nutrients, the intake of various foods (person/day) of children aged 1 ~ 3 is listed as follows for reference.
1 ~ 2 years old children: cereal 125g ~ 150g, milk or soybean milk 25oml, bean products 15g ~ 25g, fish and poultry 75g ~ 85g, eggs 50g, vegetables 65g ~ 75g, fruits 50g and edible oil 6544.
Children aged 2 ~ 3: cereal 150g ~ 750g, milk or soybean milk 250ml, bean products 30g ~ 50g, fish and poultry 85g ~ 100g, eggs 50g, vegetables 75g ~ 100g, fruits 50g and edible oil 100g.
Choose the right food
Children's stomach capacity is limited, only 200 ~ 300ml, so they can only supply all kinds of high-quality, small, nutritious and digestible food. These foods mainly include lean meat, fish, poultry, animal blood, eggs, milk, fresh vegetables (preferably red and green Rayna Sue), bean products, rice, noodles and cereals. At the same time, eat more meals a day, usually at least 4 ~ 5 meals, and it is best to cook for children alone.
The problems needing attention are: the cereal should be thick and thin; Bean products should be used more; Animal foods should be selected alternately; Food types should be diversified and reasonably matched to increase the complementary effect of nutrients; Try to choose fresh food, and don't let children eat nuts and pickles.
Reasonable cooking methods
Food must be fresh, rich in color, fragrance and shape in order to promote children's appetite. At the same time, children's food should be chopped and boiled to facilitate children's chewing, swallowing and digestion. Spine, bone, stone, etc. Materials in cooking should be removed. For hard fruit food, it should be ground first, and then mixed into paste to eat. Only in this way can children be protected from being stuck, stuffed, stabbed and choked. Cooking methods should be mainly steaming, boiling, stewing, simmering and frying, and the taste is mainly light.
In addition, semi-finished products and cooked food sold in the market, such as sausages, ham and canned food, should be used as little as possible to avoid using food additives and preservatives that are not conducive to the growth and development of young children. Children should not eat fried, smoked, greasy, cold and hard things, and should not eat spicy and irritating foods such as raw onions, ginger, raw garlic, peppers and peppers. Monosodium glutamate, saccharin, food pigment, etc. Should not be used more.