Kidney is an indispensable and very important living organ for human beings. Its main function is to produce urine and maintain the balance of water, electrolyte, acid-base and protein in human body. At the same time, the kidney also produces renin, erythropoietin and active vitamin D, which can regulate blood pressure, erythropoiesis and calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
The determination of creatinine in blood mainly reflects the function of glomerulus. Serum creatinine is mainly eliminated by kidney, and the reference range of normal adults should be 133 micromole/L.
Under normal circumstances, creatinine includes exogenous creatinine and endogenous creatinine. Endogenous creatinine is the metabolic waste of creatine and creatine phosphate in human muscle tissue after chemical reaction. Exogenous creatinine mainly comes from protein decomposition in pork, chicken, duck and fish in normal diet. Besides diet, creatinine is also affected by sex, age, muscle mass, renal tubular secretion and excretion function and gastrointestinal secretion and excretion function, which can not truly reflect glomerular filtration function. Only when the glomerular filtration rate is reduced to half, the serum creatinine will increase obviously, so creatinine can not be used as a sensitive index to evaluate early renal function damage, but the dynamic change of serum creatinine can better judge the degree of renal function damage, and the sudden increase of serum creatinine in a short time usually indicates acute renal function damage. As can be seen from the above, creatinine is interfered by many factors, and the creatinine value will fluctuate up and down.
Creatinine has a lot to do with our renal function! But many people may not know much about creatinine!
Creatinine is actually the metabolic product of our human muscle tissue in the body, which is divided into endogenous creatinine and exogenous creatinine.
Endogenous creatinine is the product of muscle tissue metabolism in vivo, while exogenous creatinine is the product of meat food metabolism in vivo.
Usually, the serum creatinine value of normal people is between 53- 1.04 micromole/l, but due to the influence of our usual intake of meat, creatinine will fluctuate. Whether it is pork, chicken, duck, beef or mutton, as long as it is rich in protein, it will affect the creatinine in our body. For example, you used to eat 1 kg of meat a day. Recently, you want to lose weight. You are a vegetarian every day and don't eat any meat. So your creatinine must be lower than before these days.
So clinically, we can always see that the creatinine of vegetarians and malnourished people (with low muscle content) is lower than that of ordinary people.
So what is the role of creatinine? How to control diet and adjust creatinine abnormality?
Serum creatinine is an important index to reflect renal function in clinic. The increase of serum creatinine mostly means that your kidney has been damaged. This is because when the glomerular filtration rate drops to 1/3 of normal people, serum creatinine will increase obviously, so when your serum creatinine increases, it proves that your kidney cannot compensate well. Therefore, patients with renal insufficiency should pay special attention to their diet, because once they eat something wrong, it will affect creatinine and cause kidney problems.
For example, if the renal function is not good, it is necessary to strictly limit the intake of salt, because if you eat too much salt, creatinine will continue to rise and renal function will further deteriorate; There is also renal failure, and patients with elevated creatinine should eat more foods rich in vitamin A, vitamin B2 and vitamin C.
So in life, how to judge whether your creatinine has increased? In fact, we can find it from the early symptoms of poor kidneys!
1. swelling. Edema begins to appear from the eyelids, especially when sleeping in the morning. If you feel that you can't open your eyes, it is likely that creatinine is increased and kidney function is not good.
2. High blood pressure. Patients with high creatinine and renal failure may have renal hypertension at the same time Therefore, if you find that your blood pressure is high, it is essential to check your renal function and creatinine.
3. Oliguria, anuria, hematuria and micturition foam. Normal people's 24-hour urine output is about1500 ~ 2000ml. If less than 400ml is called oliguria, less than 100ml is called anuria. Hematuria refers to the presence of blood cells in urine, or the test shows that occult blood is positive, while foamed urine is the expression of increased urine protein.
Attention should be paid to the diet of patients with renal function injury and elevated creatinine:
1, don't eat food with high salt content, the daily salt intake should not be higher than 3 grams, and try not to eat pickles, pickles, pickled mustard tuber and salty fried dough sticks. In addition, eating vegetables should not put too much salt, and stick to a low-salt diet or even a salt-free diet. Excessive salt intake can lead to poor kidney metabolism.
2. Don't eat foods with high phosphorus content, such as animal viscera, sesame seeds, peanuts, walnuts, honey, egg yolk, tea and some dried fruits.
Don't eat foods with high potassium content. The potassium content of common foods is as follows: onion, pumpkin, zucchini, wax gourd, eggplant, watermelon, apple, carrot, Chinese cabbage, celery, leek, orange, citrus, persimmon and so on.
4. Don't eat foods high in protein. The daily total protein content should not exceed 20-30g, including the amount of plant protein contained in the staple food. Protein, try to eat less seafood, such as sea cucumber, yellow croaker, tiger fish and mandarin fish. Too much diet will lead to the burden of kidney metabolism.
5, can't eat high-fat food, such as fat, high-fat meat, cooking should put less oil, don't eat fried, fried and greasy food. Vegetable oils containing unsaturated fatty acids are preferred.
The range of creatinine value mainly depends on the patient's age, whether there are basic diseases (such as hypertension and diabetes) and renal function damage, and there are individual differences.
Eating too much salt will lead to an increase in creatinine, such as eating pickles or pickles, so you must pay attention to a light diet, don't eat spicy food, drink plenty of water, eat more fruits and vegetables, and don't drink or smoke at ordinary times. You can eat more milk or go to the hospital for regular check-ups.
Creatinine is a toxin and a metabolic waste in the human body, which is mainly eliminated by the kidney. Creatinine is influenced by many factors including diet.