From the perspective of humanistic quality, Guangzhou's customs have profound historical causes. In the case of extremely inconvenient transportation in ancient times, the ancestors of Guangzhou came all the way from the Central Plains to the coast of the South China Sea. The bumpy road made them go through hardships; The frustration of officialdom made them have no attachment to their homeland in the Central Plains. There is no historical burden, and it is located in southern Xinjiang, which is beyond the reach of the rulers; Psychological estrangement and geographical deviation make Guangzhou people's orthodoxy relatively indifferent. Guangzhou is a famous foreign trade port in history, which has frequent foreign economic exchanges and is greatly influenced by foreign ideas. Therefore, it shows strong openness and flexibility in politics, flexibility and effectiveness in economy, and activity and creativity in thinking. Guangzhou people are smart, hardworking, adventurous, pioneering and enterprising, tolerant of spiritual changes, not blindly exclusive, not worshipping foreign things, and good at absorbing beneficial factors from western culture, which makes the whole society glow with strong vitality, so they are at the forefront of modern social changes. These humanistic genes shine everywhere in Guangfu folk customs.
In history, there have been four records of large-scale southward migration of people from the Central Plains: "Jian 'an in the late Han Dynasty to Yongjia in the Eastern Jin Dynasty * (Yongjia is the title of the Western Jin Dynasty, and the records in Huang are wrong. ), people in China, who avoid the land, often enter the ridge table, and their children and grandchildren are often at home. Their wind is lingering, their clothes are used to it, and they are gradually dyed, so they are gradually used to it and vulgar. " (Ming Jiajing and Huang Xiuxiu's "Guangdong Tongzhi") The contents and customs of many traditional festivals in Lingnan area are mostly related to the sacrificial activities of feudal dynasties, such as welcoming cows in spring, Chinese New Year in Yuan Dynasty, cooperative writing in February, ancestor worship from March to winter, etc., all of which developed from royal and clan ceremonies; Some important festivals, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival and Winter Solstice, also inherited the customs of Zhongzhou. The difference is that it has its own characteristics due to the variation of region, environment and human feelings. For example, during the Spring Festival, celebrating the ancestors, celebrating New Year's Eve, having a family reunion dinner, pasting Spring Festival couplets, dancing dragons and lions, "selling laziness" (known as "selling dementia" in Zhongzhou), eating seven kinds of dishes every day (known as "eating spring vegetables" in the ancient Central Plains) are all similar to those in the Central Plains. Because spring is always in Lingnan, flowers bloom all year round, so the lively scene on Shilihua Street in Guangzhou on New Year's Eve is rare in other places in Lingbei. Lion dance in Lingnan is also different from that in the north. The northern lion pays attention to modeling, playing with two people and landing on all fours, just like a real lion; Guangzhou lion dance pays attention to the spirit likeness, focusing on the lion's head, with different modeling styles. There are also some special festivals, such as "Lettuce Party" on 1 24th, "Boluo's Birthday" on February13rd, Jinhua's Birthday on April17th, and Zheng Xian's Birthday on July 24th, which are unique to Guangzhou and contain many beautiful stories and legends. Lettuce party was originally related to the birth of Guanyin, which people regarded as "having children and making rich money". It happens that "lettuce" is similar to "making money", so they should have a meeting. In recent years, it has been painted with a strong commercial color to attract foreign investment. Polo's birthday is related to the Maritime Silk Road. Guangzhou is the starting point of the ancient Maritime Silk Road in China. The envoys of the Polo Kingdom enshrined in the Polo Temple show Guangzhou people's respect for the communicators of western civilization and their admiration for heroes from all directions. In the trend of reform and opening up in recent years, the mass cultural life in Guangzhou has flourished. In addition to ordinary dance halls and karaoke, high-end art salons, music salons and academic salons are also emerging or reviving. Symphony and ballet can also find bosom friends in Guangzhou. Guangzhou people who work hard in shopping malls are good at seizing every opportunity, cultivating their temperament, broadening their horizons, increasing their knowledge and moving towards a higher ladder. These are all the results of the influence of customs and culture in past dynasties.
The custom of drinking morning tea in Guangzhou is the best embodiment of Guangfu folk custom. Its changeable style can be said to be a microcosm of Guangzhou society. In various teahouses, you can not only appreciate the taste of Guangzhou food culture, but also see the life of Guangzhou society. People make friends there, negotiate business, see them off, and enjoy themselves; There are also Jianghu parties, face-to-face singing, and elegant collections of scholars. Guangdong flavor of "raw seafood"? Dogs? Unique sparrow snake soup, as well as "Zhou Mei Dian", elephant raw platter, open-hearth suckling pig and Wudu stone snail; In short, almost everything that flies in the sky, crawls underground and swims in the water can be tasted at the table of Guangzhou teahouse. To appreciate the true feelings of "eating in Guangzhou", it is best to go to Guangzhou Teahouse. Its birth is the product of the business world; Its development is closely related to Lingnan culture. Its style is a combination of Chinese and western, combining the art of food. This is a window to observe the customs of Guangzhou.
Guangzhou folk customs are rich and colorful, old and young, which is one of its remarkable characteristics. The integration of North and South cultures and the exchange of Chinese and Western cultures are the main reasons for this feature. There are historical reasons and unique geographical factors, including mild climate, rich products and favorable geographical location. There are many ancient customs in Guangzhou, and there are also traces of foreign folk customs. In Guangzhou, you can see people celebrating the Spring Festival and walking in the streets, and you can also see many people celebrating Christmas and Valentine's Day. They cook noodles, snakes and dogs. Sparrows eat hamburgers, Japanese sushi and drink cocktails on the other side; When dancing dragons and lions, they dance disco, tango and karaoke. While reviving cheongsam and Xiangyun yarn, wear jeans and miniskirts; While burning incense and worshipping Buddha for the god of wealth, we use computers to predict the situation of the stock market ... These strong contrasts are the result of the blending of ancient and modern folk customs and the collision of Chinese and Western cultures.
Guangzhou's lively folk customs are full of romantic feelings of southern water towns, which is another feature and is also determined by Guangzhou's special humanistic structure and geographical conditions. Beautiful natural environment cultivates people's beautiful and lively personality; The colorful garden with pink willow green is a colorful painting in itself; The vast sight of the sea has stimulated people's imagination and their pioneering spirit. Watching the dragon win the gold medal, watching the inspiring drums when dancing the lion, watching the romantic feelings when dancing Water Color, and watching the expression when dancing the dragon and fish, you will be immersed in a lively and warm atmosphere. In terms of eating customs, fresh and elegant Cantonese cuisine, elegant recipes, rich and fat seafood and exotic and diverse foods give people a kind of enjoyment that complements each other. In the evening of 2008, the warm spring scenery in Huajie Street, the sweet and brisk Cantonese music, and the exquisite handicrafts exhibited at the Qiao Qi Festival on Tanabata not only make people feel relaxed and comfortable, but also make people work hard to meet a better tomorrow. This is the main theme of Guangzhou folk customs.
The third feature of Guangzhou's amorous feelings is that it is inclusive and warm, which is closely related to Guangzhou's humanistic temperament. Guangzhou people are generally not good at expressing their feelings, not as enthusiastic and generous as northerners; But they are warm-hearted, extremely affectionate and advocate nobleness. Once they know each other, they can be brave. In the figure gallery of the Guangzhou story, there are many respectable and lovely images, many of which are not from Guangzhou, such as Bao Liang, the immortal satrap, but from Shangdang, Shanxi. He is honest in politics and appoints talents, and is deeply loved by the people of Guangzhou. His daughter Bao Gu, a kind-hearted doctor, is still enshrined in Sanyuan Palace. His son-in-law Ge Hong, a native of Jurong, Jiangsu Province, was originally one of his talents who were proficient in alchemy. People in Guangzhou call him Ge Xianweng, and Luofu Mountain still has his gourmet temple. Fang Shi An Qisheng, a native of Langya, Shandong Province, practiced medicine at the foot of Baiyun Mountain to help the world. Zheng Xian celebrated his birthday in Guangzhou to commemorate him, and there is still Zheng Xian Temple in Baiyun Mountain. Wu Yinzhi, Lin Zexu, Han Yu and Su Dongpo, honest officials, are not from Guangzhou, but they have contributed to the cultural exchange between the North and the South, expanded the inheritance of Lingnan and done good things for the people of Guangzhou. People in Guangzhou miss them and specially set up some birthday parties and temples to express their feelings. Until the reform and opening up in recent years, the patriotic love of overseas Chinese in Guangzhou can be seen everywhere. The human feelings in Guangzhou people's lives are also quite strong, and the proportion of "human feelings" expenditure is not small; Needless to say, you have to bring some "personal letters" when visiting relatives and friends. Teahouses and restaurants in Guangzhou are also the "Grand View Garden" for human relations.
But we can't ignore the negative influence of feudal culture, especially western culture, on Guangzhou folk customs. Many Cantonese people believe in ghosts and gods, and "their customs especially respect Buddha". "Vulgarity is still a witch, and anyone who is sick or burns clothes will be invited; Or chase ghosts and moan until the end of the night. As the saying goes,' ghosts produce grain yellow'. " (The Chronicle of China Ethnic Customs, Preface to Guangdong and Guangzhou) There are many people who believe in miscellaneous gods, and more than 600 people can list their names. The customs of exorcism, exorcism, town image and taboo are also quite complicated, and there are quite a few taboos in language, such as "toasting" and "pig liver" called "pig running". Even some long-lost customs have revived in recent years. For example, in July, stone drums splashed rice, beat villains, asked m, divined, sinned, and watched Feng Shui. Some people can't stand the ups and downs of the business world and worship blindly, so the store invited Guan Gong of Wu Caishen; Some people take risks to gamble. Ancient philosophers still knew that observing customs should be based on active enlightenment. Sima Qian said: "Etiquette should be appropriate, and things should be done according to customs." Ying Shao, a scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, put forward: "Politics should focus on the customs of Mingde." Preface to proofreading and translating "Common Customs and Meanings". Most importantly, there are several points in the compilation of "Customs Records". (hao 180 website through train)