Apollo is the third generation manned spacecraft developed by the United States. It consists of three parts: command module, service module and lunar module. The spacecraft is 29 meters high and weighs about 46 tons. The command module of Apollo spacecraft is the brain of the spacecraft, the place where astronauts work and rest, and the control center of the spacecraft. The command module is conical and filled with pure oxygen. The temperature ranges from 2 1 c to 24 c. It is divided into front cabin, astronaut cabin and rear cabin. The front cabin is equipped with landing equipment, recovery equipment, attitude control engine and other equipment.
The astronaut cabin is a sealed cabin, which stores astronauts' daily necessities and emergency rescue equipment 14 days. The rear cabin is equipped with 10 attitude control engine, various instruments and storage boxes, attitude control, navigation, computer and radio subsystems. In the center of the command module, three astronauts, commanders, pilots and flight engineers are placed side by side. During the launch and return of the spacecraft, three astronauts lie in chairs, and the astronauts can leave the chairs for activities at other times.
The service module of the spacecraft is a cylinder, which is equipped with the main engine of orbit change, three hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, attitude control and electrical system. The orbit-changing engine has a thrust of 956,000 N, which can send the spacecraft back to the ground from lunar orbit. The front end of the service module is connected with the command module, and the back end is equipped with the main engine nozzle of the propulsion system. The cabin is divided into six compartments.
The engine room is equipped with the main engine and the attitude control system composed of 16 small rocket engine. These engines are not only used for attitude adjustment, but also for separation of spacecraft from three-stage rocket, docking of lunar module with command module and separation of command module from service module.