In recent years, officials are interested in a thin layer of gauze. Who will let me take a bus to Kyoto to visit this bustling city?
Living in a small building and listening to the falling spring rain, you will hear the sound of selling apricots in the depths of the alley early in the morning.
Slowly spread out small pieces of paper sideways, every word is organized, carefully boil water and tea under the sun window, skim it and try to taste famous tea.
Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to return to the mirror house in Lake Ubak.
"The small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot blossoms" is a couplet in Lu You's Seven Laws, which vividly depicts the beautiful spring scenery of the spring rain in Lin 'an, Chu Qing.
"The small building listens to the spring rain all night", which shows that the poet stayed up all night and was uneasy. "apricot blossoms are sold in deep alleys in the Ming Dynasty", and dignitaries live in deep alleys. Naturally, some people there sell apricot flowers, which inadvertently touched the climate of "peace and prosperity" in Lin' an City and seemed to completely forget the danger of national subjugation.
Lu You's poem "Spring Rain in Lin 'an" was written in the thirteenth year (1 186). At this time, he was 62 years old and had been idle in his hometown of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) for five years. The poet's high spirits in his youth and arrogance in his prime are gone forever with the passage of time. Although his ambition to recover the Central Plains was not expressed, he became more and more aware of the weakness and darkness of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the spring of this year, Lu You was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou again. Before his appointment, he went to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) to see the emperor, lived in an inn by the West Lake and was summoned. In boredom, he wrote this famous book which was widely read.
Since Li met Lu You in five years, he has not been taken seriously, but he has worked as an official twice in Fujian and Jiangxi to promote Changping tea and salt. After five years of family, he stayed away from politics, but he understood the changes in politics and the indifference of the world. Therefore, the poem begins with a unique and ingenious metaphor, lamenting that the world is as thin as translucent yarn. Since the world is so shallow, why do you want to be an official? So the next sentence said: Why did you ride to Beijing and live such a lonely and boring life?
The couplet "Xiao Lou" is a famous sentence of Lu You, and its language is fresh and meaningful. The poet lives alone in a small building and listens to the spring rain all night; The next morning, the sound of selling apricot flowers came from the depths of the alley, telling people that spring was deep. Continuous spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; The faint spring scenery is revealed in the sound of selling flowers. It is vivid and profound. Legend has it that these two poems were later introduced into the palace and praised by Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely circulated for a period of time. People who have been commenting on this poem think that these two sentences are meticulous and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring scenery, but they don't notice that its role in the whole poem is not only to depict spring scenery, but to integrate with the poems before and after. In fact, "the small building listens to the spring rain all night" means that the continuous spring rain is like a sad miss. When reading this poem, don't let go of the word "overnight" easily. It just implies that the poet stayed up all night, worrying about the country and the people, and with the sound of rain, he rushed to his brow. Li Shangyin's "Autumn frost flies late, leaving dry lotus to listen to the rain" is based on the premise of dry lotus to listen to the rain. Lu You writes more implicitly and profoundly here. Although he used more lively words, his intention was to express his depression and melancholy. It was against the background of beautiful spring scenery that he was in sharp contrast with his feeling of loneliness. What is the poet doing in this beautiful spring? So there are five or six sentences.
"Short paper" is short paper and "grass" is cursive. Lu You is good at cursive writing. Judging from the existing Lu You's handwriting, his cursive script is elegant and smart. This sentence is really a dark allusion to Zhang Zhi. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but he usually writes in print. When asked why, people replied that "cursive writing is urgent", which means that cursive writing takes too long, so there is no time to write. Lu You lives in Beijing, and his leisure time is extremely boring, so he entertains himself with cursive script. Because it is the first day of light rain, it is said that "window cleaning" and "fine milk" are small bubbles with white water surface when pouring tea. "Distinguishing tea" refers to identifying the grade of tea, which here refers to tasting tea. On the surface, the idle cursive script, drinking tea under the sunny window, is a very leisurely and quiet realm. However, behind this, the poet's infinite feelings and complaints are hidden. Lu you has always had the ambition to make a vigorous career for the country, but the position of Yanzhou magistrate does not meet his ambition, let alone an audience with the emperor. I don't know how long I have to wait in the guest house! The country is in an eventful autumn, but people are making books and drinking tea to kill time. Really boring and sad! So I couldn't hold back the resentment in my heart any longer, and wrote two sentences about the ending.
Lu Ji's poem "My First Wife Gu Yanxian" said: "Beijing is dusty, and plain clothes turns purple", which not only refers to the suffering of traveling in the wind and frost, but also implies the evil in Beijing and the suffering of staying for a long time. Lu you uses his meaning here, but he is actually laughing at himself. "Don't sigh" is because you can go home without waiting for Qingming, but going home is not the poet's wish.
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If the author's name is hidden, when we read this song "The Beginning of Spring Rain in Lin 'an", we may think that it was not written by Lu Fangweng who was "an iron horse" and "swallowed the remnants". Although there is apricot blossom-like spring scenery in the poem, it also implies the sentimental feeling of "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn" and the boring mood of "doing nothing to do grass" and "playing with tea", which is very inconsistent with Lu You's majestic and tragic style of singing "defending the country and serving the country".
At the beginning of the first couplet, he said that "the world is cold" is "thin" and asked in surprise "Who is the rider in Beijing". Lu You is 62 years old, not only because of his long career ups and downs, but also because of his unpaid ambitions and various misfortunes in his personal life. The old man, who had a rough life, sighed and expressed his inner feelings about this cold world. This kind of lamentation may be beyond doubt to others, but it is not reasonable for Lu You who died in decadence without feeling sorry for himself and still wanted to defend his country. This poem was written in the 13th year of Xichun. Lu You was in Yin Shan and was appointed as Yanzhou. Isn't it a bit strange that Lu You, who struggled all his life and unswervingly realized his ideal of serving the country, was given the right to report to the country, which would cause his "who" problem?
The couplet points out the "poetic eye". After listening to the spring rain all night, the next morning I heard apricot flowers selling in the deep alley, and the elegant spring came to my mind, reminding people of the wet, green, shiny and fragrant spring scenery in Jiangnan, which was thick and light, light and deep, deep and far away. But a closer look shows that the poet didn't fall asleep after listening to the spring rain all night. Why is he tossing and turning on this spring night? What kind of pleasure and comfort can selling flowers intermittently in the distance give him? I can't. Only the poet is alone in the quiet and empty spring morning. Didn't the next couplet tell his feelings? "Doing grass at leisure" and "playing tea" have been in and out of the battlefield all their lives, traveling all over the world, always thinking about the land patrol of serving the country and loving the people, but also "playing" at leisure! In the poet's eyes, the spring scenery in Lin 'an is so bland, the human feelings are so indifferent, the world situation is so thin, and the ambition is impossible to talk about. Only in "leisure" and "play" can we kill time.
Although William didn't complain that "plain clothes becomes a treasure" (Jin Liuhe wrote "Give Gu Yan first:" Luo Jing is dusty, plain clothes becomes a treasure "), he also claimed that Qingming is not far away, so he should go home as soon as possible instead of staying in Lin 'an, the so-called" paradise on earth "in the south of the Yangtze River. The poet was called to Beijing, but he hurried by and left.
Although the whole poem was written in spring, it was not a happy spring; Although it is not a spring injury, it is also a "thin" spring. Although spring is beautiful, it does not attract much nostalgia in the eyes of depressed authors.
Many of Lu You's famous poems have strong patriotic feelings and care for the people, such as "Guan Shanyue" and "Feeling the Hedge Door to Meet the Cold"; There are works that express dreams, grief and sadness, such as 1 1 The Storm on the 4th of the month. These poems are not straightforward and painful, but they are magnificent and magnificent. The author also has a beautiful and simple description of rural life, such as "Traveling to Shanxi Village"; There are also sentimental works that cherish the memory of love and the happiness of the past, such as Shen Yuan. Wait, these are very similar to the first period. There is no singing, no wailing, no angry poems, no bitter tears, only a faint sigh of the colon, "that is the taste of the heart."
After Wang Yan was transferred from Sichuan to Shaanxi, Lu You returned to East Sichuan in the fifth year of Xichun (1 178) and worked as a junior official in Fujian, Jiangxi and Zhejiang. The situation of "I want to lie on my couch for a few times, but my sword is hard to drink" is quite different from the situation in which Wang Yan's men are reused. In the spring of the thirteenth year of Xichun, the author entered Beijing with a letter, and wrote this poem in Lin 'an under the post of Yanzhou. The harsh reality forced him to draw some gloomy conclusions about the court, the emperor, life and society. Different from many of his dream poems, the author has no real life scenes to disturb him in the middle of the night when all is silent. In front of the vast starry sky and rainy night, he can fantasize and say anything. But in the bustling imperial city, the author can't help it. Although the city of Lin 'an is beautiful in spring, the bureaucrats are partial to the corner, forgetting to serve the country and whitewashing the peace. The author is always awake. He saw the numbness of the world and the court in the superficial climate and prosperity, and thought of his ambition of not getting paid. But he can neither sing nor dream, so he has to express his sadness with spring and write spring as a heartless thing.
It can be said that Chu Ji reflects the author's inner world on the other hand. In addition to singing to serve the country on the battlefield, the author occasionally wanders in tents and under the night sky. In the book of indignation, which was written almost at the same time, the author showed his consistent lofty sentiments in a completely different way. In a sense, Anger is the author's summary of his tragic life. "I knew when I was young that things were difficult", but I finally got up the courage to say "Who is like a thousand years ago" and left my life to history to judge. By comparing Chu Ci with Shu Fen, we can see the poet's brief repetition of emotional thoughts. After all, Lu You is a Lu You, and he will not stay in "leisure" and "drama" forever. Shortly after he took office in Yanzhou, he still insisted on resisting gold and put it into action, expressing it in poetry. Finally, he was dismissed on charges of "mocking romantics". His continuous "apricot blossom spring rain" developed into a sudden rainstorm in The Storm on November 4th.
A poet's personality is complex, and a martyr who is always strong and unyielding will inevitably feel melancholy from time to time. This kind of depression and melancholy is not in contradiction with its grandeur and tragic. Only when he is depressed and miserable will there be a stronger emotional explosion. At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn", which is the author's denial of reality and also reflects the author's integrity. The departure at the end of the poem is also the poet's disdain for the flashy imperial city. Therefore, through the surface of the original poem, we can still vaguely see a mighty and unyielding image, which is the author's true and consistent self.
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