What are the taboos for eating seafood?

Abstract: Seafood dinner has become a frequent visitor on the dining table. As we all know, seafood is sweet and delicious, and many people like it. However, in the process of enjoying seafood, if you don't pay attention to eating methods and collocation taboos, it will easily cause physical discomfort and even cause allergies and poisoning. So, what should we pay attention to when eating seafood, and what are the taboos? Next, let's learn about the precautions for eating seafood. Eat raw seafood What seafood can be eaten raw? All shallow sea aquatic products and most tropical continental shelf seafood cannot be eaten raw. Only seafood produced in cold continental shelf and temperate/subtropical/tropical deep sea can be eaten raw, and it must be frozen or refrigerated within the shelf life. The most common are salmon, oysters, oysters, lobster sashimi, arctic shellfish, elephant mussels and so on.

It should be noted that because fresh seafood often contains bacteria and toxins, it is easy to cause food poisoning when eaten raw, so not all seafood can be eaten raw and properly handled.

Are there parasites in raw seafood? Almost all raw seafood foods contain parasites and various pathogens, such as Clonorchis sinensis and Paragonimus. The larvae of these worms are often parasitic in fish, shrimp, crabs and so on. After people eat these polluted seafood, these larvae will enter the blood vessels or lymph through the gastrointestinal wall of people, and flow with the blood to the whole body, mainly in the lungs or liver, and some of them will gather in the brain, causing corresponding diseases.

Aquatic products are easy to breed bacteria and produce toxic pathogens in the process of aquaculture, and if the aquaculture waters are polluted, aquatic products will undoubtedly be infected. If this kind of food is eaten raw or half-eaten, bacteria are very likely to cause harm to human body.

Harm of eating raw seafood There are many parasites and bacteria in seafood, so it is best not to eat raw seafood. In addition, studies have shown that raw seafood such as fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and seaweed will contain Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and eating undercooked seafood may cause food poisoning, diarrhea, abdominal pain and vomiting.

Latent parasite eggs and contaminated bacteria in processing generally need to be boiled in boiling water for 4-5 minutes before they can be completely killed. Drunk shrimps and crabs can't kill pathogenic microorganisms only by soaking in high-alcohol liquor.

Therefore, it is recommended not to eat raw seafood, but to cook it thoroughly; Dead shrimps, crabs and shellfish are most likely to breed a large number of parasites and bacteria, and it is best not to eat them.

Precautions for eating raw seafood Eating raw seafood is very popular in many places, such as oysters and other shellfish. Experts stressed that if you have to eat raw seafood, you must pay attention to hygiene. Most seafood contains highly pathogenic bacteria. It is suggested that seafood should be frozen at 4℃ 1-2 hours before eating, and then soaked in light salt water to achieve the purpose of sterilization.

People who are forbidden to eat seafood (1) are allergic.

Seafood foods such as kelp, shrimp and fish are rich in histidine, which will cause a series of allergic reactions after entering the human body. Mildly manifested as skin blisters (urticaria), accompanied by severe itching or burning sensation; In severe cases, allergic asthma and allergic purpura occur. Therefore, people with allergic symptoms should be careful to eat seafood.

(2) Infertility patients

Studies have shown that men who eat too much seafood will weaken their fertility. The mercury content in fish is higher than that in water. When mercury enters the human body, it will affect the function of germ cells. Therefore, although seafood is delicious, the majority of young men of childbearing age should also avoid it.

(3) gout patients

Seafood food is rich in purine, which will make human metabolism disorder and lead to gout. Therefore, gout patients should be careful to eat seafood, so as not to induce or aggravate gout symptoms.

(4) Patients with coagulation dysfunction

Seafood contains more unsaturated fatty acids, and its metabolized prostacyclin can inhibit platelet coagulation and stop bleeding. Therefore, people with thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic purpura, hereditary fibrinogen deficiency and hemophilia should eat less marine fish with high fat content and should not take fish oil and other products.

Pregnant women should not eat seafood (1). What seafood should pregnant women eat?

Mom can still eat seafood during pregnancy, such as shrimp and fish rich in protein and calcium. Most of these seafood contain high-quality gold elements, including protein, VA, VB, calcium, iodine and so on, which are beneficial to human body. Some scholars have pointed out that women often eat fish during pregnancy, and the children born are outstanding in action, language and sports.

(2) What seafood should pregnant women not eat?

For turtles and crabs, pregnant mothers should avoid eating them. In addition, the current marine environment is worrying, and the mercury content in seafood is increasing. If expectant mothers often eat seafood (refers to the number of times they eat a week >; 4. Each consumption > 100g will pose a great threat to the development of children's nervous system. Therefore, it is suggested that expectant mothers who like seafood should learn to avoid eating, and eat it no more than twice a week, and the consumption per time should be less than 100g, especially for high-mercury fish such as tuna and swordfish.

What can't seafood be eaten with? Seafood+persimmon = stomachache? The answer is partly correct.

Protein, which is rich in seafood, will combine with tannic acid in fruits and tea, leading to degeneration of protein and food poisoning. Moreover, if tannic acid protein sticks to pectin and cellulose, it may form stones; Both of the above conditions can cause stomach pain.

However, eating raw persimmons, eating a lot of persimmons, eating persimmons on an empty stomach or eating with a large number of high-protein foods such as beef, chicken and eggs may all lead to stomach pain. So as long as the seafood is cooked, but the persimmon is not eaten, it will not have much impact on the body.

Seafood+beer = gout? The answer holds.

Seafood and beer are called "gout set meal" because some fish (such as sardines, anchovies, salmon, etc. ), shellfish and shrimp and crab have more purines. If you drink a lot of alcohol, it will accelerate the decomposition of purine and produce uric acid, while ethanol in wine is not conducive to uric acid excretion and may induce gout.

It can be said that alcohol and seafood are both high-risk factors of gout, and together they are "worse". Not only beer, but also all kinds of alcoholic beverages, if consumed in excess, may also become a risk factor for gout high-risk groups.

Seafood+vitamin C= arsenic? The answer is not valid.

The comment that spread very hot on the Internet said: "The pentavalent arsenic compounds enriched in seafood may react with vitamin C to produce highly toxic arsenic."

In fact, seafood sold through formal channels will be tested by relevant departments, and the arsenic content shall not exceed 0.5 mg per kilogram stipulated by national standards. According to this calculation, to achieve the poisoning effect, you need to eat 150 kg of seafood and more than 10 kg of fruit, which is far beyond the stomach's capacity.

Some researchers found in simulated gastric juice that vitamin C can not reduce pentavalent arsenic to trivalent arsenic alone, but needs to cooperate with reduced glutathione.

Eating seafood allergy eating seafood allergy symptoms A few people eat fresh fish or seafood because they are born with a lack of enzymes that decompose histamine, which can cause allergies. Some people show papules on some parts of the body (face, legs, arms, and even the whole body), accompanied by itching symptoms.

The reason of eating seafood allergy is that seafood is rich in a large number of heterogeneous protein, which directly or indirectly activates immune cells, causing the release of chemical mediators, and then produces a series of complex biochemical reactions. When antibodies and antigens work together, people will have allergic symptoms.

What if you are allergic to seafood? Generally, I can take Kairuitan, chlorpheniramine and other antiallergic drugs for treatment, and externally use calamine lotion or cyproheptadine ointment for treatment. You can also go to a dermatologist for examination and take medicine under the guidance of a doctor. Pay attention to local hygiene, do not eat spicy food, seafood or alcohol.

Eating antiallergic drugs and seafood will aggravate allergic symptoms. At present, anti-allergic drugs are mainly antihistamines, which are divided into three generations: the first generation is represented by diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine and promethazine; The second generation, including loratadine and cetirizine, is the main force at present; The third generation includes levocetirizine and desloratadine. They can all be used against histamine, the "culprit" of allergy.

As a high-protein food, seafood is rich in histidine, which is decarboxylated by histidine decarboxylase in human body to form a large amount of histamine.

If patients eat seafood while taking anti-allergic drugs, it will lead to more and more histamine in the body that needs treatment, which will aggravate allergic symptoms. Therefore, seafood should be avoided during taking anti-allergic drugs.

Eating seafood poisoning The symptoms of eating seafood poisoning occur quickly, often 0.5~ 1 hour after eating, sometimes as long as 5 minutes, and the long time is only 4 hours. Symptoms are mild at onset, recovery is rapid, and death occasionally occurs. Often manifested as blushing, dizziness, headache, heartbeat, palpitation, chest tightness, shortness of breath, swelling of the face and lips, numbness of the tongue and limbs, nausea, vomiting, itchy skin and so on.

Causes of seafood poisoning, such as eating stale or rotten green-skinned red-fleshed fish, can cause poisoning; Pickled salted fish, if the raw materials are not fresh or pickled, contains more histamine, which will also cause poisoning after eating.

All kinds of seafood, such as shrimp, crab, clam and oyster, contain the chemical element arsenic. Generally, the content is very small, but the increasingly serious environmental pollution may make the arsenic content in these animals reach a higher level. The valence state of arsenic contained in shrimp is pentavalent. Under normal circumstances, pentavalent arsenic is harmless to human body. Theoretically, high doses of vitamin C (more than 500mg of vitamin at a time) and pentavalent arsenic will be converted into toxic trivalent arsenic (arsenic) through complex chemical reactions, and trivalent arsenic can cause human poisoning when it reaches a certain dose.

Take 50 medium-sized apples or 30 pears or 10 oranges or eat more than 3 kilograms of green leafy vegetables at a time, and then take a large dose of vitamin C. If the food is heated and cooked, the vitamin C in the food will be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is not dangerous to eat fruits or vegetables while eating seafood, as long as it does not exceed the above amount. Metal elements are easy to deposit on the head of seafood. Try not to eat shrimp heads and fish heads.

How to eat seafood poisoning? If there are signs of food poisoning, you must go to surgery for gastric lavage, otherwise the toxin will be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, causing visceral failure and even other serious symptoms. It is recommended to send a doctor in time.

(1) Eating seafood food poisoning requires spitting out shellfish food.

Those poisoned by toxic shellfish should immediately induce vomiting, or thoroughly wash their stomachs with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution or clear water to remove the toxic shellfish remaining in their stomachs.

(2) Eating seafood food poisoning requires infusion to urinate.

Intravenous infusion to facilitate urination and accelerate the excretion of poisons. Let seafood be excreted quickly.

(3) eating seafood, injecting drugs and food poisoning.

Atropine 1 ml, intramuscular injection, intramuscular injection of vitamin B 1B6, etc. It has a certain effect on relieving bradycardia such as toxic nerve paralysis or limb numbness.

(4) supplement liquid when eating seafood food poisoning.

Replenish liquids, especially cold boiled water or other transparent liquids, and replenish electrolytes lost due to vomiting and diarrhea, such as potassium, sodium and glucose. Don't stop diarrhea, let the toxins in the body be discharged before consulting a doctor or sending them to hospital for treatment.

(5) Eat seafood food poisoning and drink plenty of water.

Upwelling vomiting and diarrhea cause massive loss of body fluids, which will lead to various complications and directly threaten patients' lives. At this time, drinking more clean water can promote the elimination of pathogenic bacteria and their enterotoxins, and alleviate the symptoms of poisoning.

How to prevent seafood poisoning (1) Avoid seafood poisoning without eating internal organs.

Heavy metals and other pollutants are easy to be enriched in shellfish viscera, while the content of heavy metals in muscle is the lowest. So you can only eat the muscle part of shellfish. "Look at the color" is a relatively simple way to judge. After the shell is opened, the slightly blackened meat pieces are mostly visceral masses. Some shellfish have black sand lines in them and can't be eaten.

(2) Choose seafood with smooth shell

Compared with rough oysters and scallops, clams and mussels are clean and smooth, with less dirt and less pollution.

(3) Wash before eating.

It must be washed before eating to remove scales, gills and internal organs. Scaleless fish can scrape off the greasy parts of the epidermis with a knife, because these parts are often the gathering places of pollutants in marine fish.

(4) Eliminate toxins and avoid seafood poisoning.

Fresh jellyfish contain more water, thicker skin and toxins. It needs to be marinated with salt and alum for three times to dehydrate fresh jellyfish for three times, so that toxins can be discharged with water. It can be eaten after the above treatment. Or wash, soak in vinegar 15 minutes, and then blanch in hot water (blanch in boiling water at 100℃ for several minutes).

What if the fishbone gets stuck in the throat? If it is a small burr, you can keep calm. Don't swallow hard You can leave the hospital in about three days. If the fishbone is too big to take out by itself, go to the hospital as soon as possible to avoid accidents.

If the fishbone is big and hard, it stings badly, or it can't be found with the help of relatives and friends, or you feel severe pain in your neck and chest, you should see a doctor immediately.

Because the fishbone is not stuck in the oropharynx, but in the laryngopharynx, this part is generally difficult to see and needs to go to the hospital for treatment.

If you accidentally swallow the feeding passage, there are four strictures in the esophagus, among which the fishbone is most likely to get stuck in the first stricture, which is the entrance of the esophagus. At this time, if you still swallow it forcibly, it may push the foreign body to the level of the second stenosis, that is, the aortic arch, or even directly penetrate the aorta, or penetrate the esophagus to cause esophageal perforation and mediastinal infection, which may be life-threatening in extreme cases.

The otolaryngology and gastroenterology departments of hospitals often receive patients who eat fish sticks, and doctors will use laryngoscope, gastroscope, esophagoscope and even open the chest to take out fish sticks. So don't underestimate the matter of being caught by fishbone, but it will be very troublesome to deal with it carelessly.

However, compared with the fishbone stuck in the throat, it is usually easier to encounter: after eating fish, I feel something in my throat is very uncomfortable.

This situation is not necessarily that the fishbone is stuck. If there is only a foreign body sensation without obvious tingling, which does not affect swallowing, then the fishbone is generally small, or the fishbone has been scratched but has fallen off.

This situation can be observed first. If you feel pain or foreign body symptoms get worse, then go to see a doctor.

In short, whenever you encounter a fishbone stuck in your throat, don't be careless, let alone try those strange treatments.

Cough gently, observation and going to the hospital are all the best means.

Misunderstanding of fishbone stuck in throat (1) Don't wolf down your meal.

It is said that swallowing rice, cakes and steamed bread can send fishbones into the stomach. However, after the meal, the original throat stabbed the throat, and another steamed bread reached the esophagus. However, no matter how you swallow it, the fishbone will only stick deeper in the meat.

(2) Don't gulp water.

It is rumored that drinking water can also send fishbones into the stomach. However, gulping water is like swallowing rice, and the violent swallowing action may only push the shallow thorn deeper. You can't expect the fishbone to come out by itself just by drinking water.

(3) Don't swallow vinegar.

It is rumored that the ingredient of fishbone is calcium, vinegar can react with calcium, and fishbone will soften when it meets vinegar. So when you eat vinegar fish, vinegar fish, sweet and sour carp and vinegar fish in the West Lake, are they all soft?

(4) do not eat vitamin C.

It is rumored that taking a few vitamin C tablets can also soften the fishbone. People who probably believe in this method think that vitamin C tablets taste sour and have the same effect as drinking vinegar.