Egypt
Egyptian etiquette Egypt is a relatively developed country in Africa and Arab countries. Its economy has always been dominated by agriculture, and the agricultural population accounts for 52% of the national population. The land area is 6.5438+0.002 million square kilometers. The population is 583 1. 1 10,000, with Arabs accounting for 87%. Arabs believe in Islam, Copts believe in Islam.
_ _ _ _ dress etiquette The traditional Egyptian costume is the Arabian robe. In rural areas, both men and women still wear them, and many urban poor people also wear them. In the late 1920s, western clothing gradually entered Egypt. Local women like to wear earrings, bracelets and so on. In some remote areas, women still keep the custom of wearing veils when they go out. Egyptians are used to standing close to each other when talking. They looked at each other, but didn't look at each other. They think it is impolite to greet people with their fingers. When entering the mosque, pay attention to respectful behavior and pious attitude, and avoid stepping on the foreshadowing for prayer. Meeting etiquette When Egyptians meet friends, they usually call each other "two generations of love", which means "sir". At first, this title was limited to the royal family, but now it has been widely used. Egyptians usually shake hands when they meet, and then kiss each other on the face. There is also a local hand kissing ceremony.
Dining etiquette The staple food of Egyptians is rice, bread and so on. Meat dishes include beef and mutton, and vegetarian dishes include onions and cucumbers. Locals usually say before eating: in the name of God's mercy and mercy. When entertaining guests, the dishes are rich and the atmosphere is warm, and the host always wants the guests to eat more. Wedding and Funeral Etiquette Today, Egyptian weddings not only retain the traditions of the past, but also add the characteristics of the times. When someone died in an Egyptian family, he immediately sent someone to his relatives and friends' homes to offer condolences. In the city, a person beats drums to mourn. There are 25 festivals in Egypt a year, the most representative of which is the Nile flood festival.
business etiquette
Locals don't like clothes with star patterns, and English is used for business activities. It is best to go to Egypt for business activities from June 5438+00 to April of the following year. In addition, the local weekly working day is from this Saturday to next Thursday, and Friday is a rest day for Islam. Travel Etiquette The subway in Cairo is hygienic and safe, and the first carriage is for women only. Don't charge by the meter when taking a taxi, negotiate to get on the bus. Buses are crowded, and buses in Cairo never close when they are running. The main taboo Egyptians like green and white, but they don't like black and yellow. They think that 3, 5, 7 and 9 are positive, while 13 is negative. Due to the difference between the Islamic calendar and the Gregorian calendar, the time of Ramadan is different every year. During Ramadan, if you eat, drink or smoke in front of local people, you will be reprimanded.
South Africa
Social etiquette is black and white, mainly in English. Black and white means: restricted by racial and religious customs, blacks and whites in South Africa follow different social etiquette; Anglicization refers to the fact that in a very long historical period in South Africa, western social etiquette, especially British social etiquette, was popular in South African society because white people held the political power in South Africa. At present, in business social occasions in South Africa, South Africans generally greet each other by shaking hands, and address their colleagues as "Mr.", "Miss" or "Mrs.". In the black tribes of South Africa, especially in the vast rural areas, the social interaction of black South Africans often presents different styles. For example, they are used to giving ostrich feathers and peacock feathers to distinguished guests and precious guests. At this time, the correct way to accept gifts is to put this precious feather on their hats or hair to show respect for the giver.
Social etiquette in South Africa can be summarized as "black and white" and "mainly in English". The so-called "black and white" means: restricted by race, religion and customs, blacks and whites in South Africa follow different social etiquette; Britishness means that in a very long historical period, white people held the political power in South Africa, and the social etiquette of white people, especially the social interests of British people, was widely welcomed in South African society.
At present, in social occasions, South Africans generally adopt the greeting ceremony of shaking hands, and they mainly address their associates as "sir", "miss" or "madam". Among black tribes, especially in vast rural areas, South African blacks often show different styles from the mainstream of society. For example, they are used to giving ostrich hair or peacock hair to distinguished guests. At this time, it is perfect for guests to put these precious feathers in their hats or hair. In the city of dress etiquette, South Africans' clothes are basically westernized. On most formal occasions, they pay attention to dignified and rigorous dress. Therefore, it is best to wear a conservative and dark suit or group dress when conducting official or business contacts, otherwise it will be regarded as impolite by the other party. In addition, African blacks usually have the habit of wearing their own national costumes. Black people from different tribes. Dress often has its own different characteristics.
Dining Etiquette South African local whites mainly eat western food on weekdays. They often eat beef, chicken, eggs and bread, and like to drink coffee and black tea. Non-blacks like to eat beef and mutton, and the staple food is corn, potatoes and beans. I don't like raw food, but I like cooked food The famous drink in South Africa is Rubao tea. When visiting black families in South Africa, directors usually send freshly squeezed milk or goat's milk and sometimes homemade beer. Guests must drink more, preferably all at once.
Custom forbids South Africans to believe in _ _ _ _ _, taboo number 13 and Friday; South African blacks worship their ancestors very much, and they are particularly afraid that outsiders will not respect their ancestors' words and deeds. When talking with South Africans, there are four topics that should not be involved:
First, don't set traps for white people. Second, don't comment on the relations and contradictions between different black tribes or factions. Third, don't criticize the old habits of black people. Fourth, don't congratulate each other on giving birth to a boy.
Libya
Customs and etiquette: Libyans usually shake hands when meeting guests in social situations. They pass things or food. To show their enthusiasm and welcome to tourists, they often give hugs and face-to-face gifts. Libyan clothes are a little more open than those of neighboring countries. Generally, men wear Arabic robes or suits, and women can wear no veil. The dress code of Libyan Dualeghi freemen is very strange. Men should wear veils, but male slaves are not allowed to wear veils. They don't have a strong sense of time and often can't keep appointments on time. They like green. People regard green as a symbol of peace and prosperity and think that it can bring people beauty and happiness. They prefer pomegranate flowers. People think it blooms like a fire, people appreciate its beautiful shape and bright colors, and regard it as a symbol of wealth and good luck, calling it the national flower. The general characteristics of Libyan social customs can be summarized in the following words: Libyans are ambitious, stubborn and resolute; Bold, cheerful and not stiff, easy-going and intimate; Islam is the state religion, and abides by canon and doctrine; Pang likes green best,
No one is allowed to drink alcohol; The citizens are sincere, sincere, polite and courteous.
Eating habits: Libyans often live on steamed bread. I like to steam rice or flour with dried fruits and seasonings in mutton soup, a traditional ethnic food "Koskoskos". It is often accompanied by tomato salad, onions, mixed peppers, boiled beans and sauces. Most meat likes to eat beef and mutton. In soup, garlic is always habitually added, mainly because there are many diseases in the area where they live, and people often regard garlic as a "panacea". They like to drink a kind of green tea with mint, sugar and lemon, thinking it can quench their thirst and refresh themselves. They love western food, eat all over their hands, and are also very interested in Chinese food. Libyans have the following characteristics in their eating habits: they pay attention to the rich colors of dishes and the freshness, crispness and fragrance of dishes. Generally, the taste is light and sweet. Bread is the staple food, and I am also happy to taste Chinese mixed fried rice. Non-staple foods such as beef, mutton, chicken, fish and eggs. Vegetables such as carrots, tomatoes, green beans, zucchini, onions, sweet peppers, cucumbers and potatoes. Seasonings such as pepper, curry powder, coconut oil, palm oil and sugar. Cooking methods prefer dishes made by frying, roasting, roasting, frying and frying. Chinese food loves authentic dishes from China. Enjoy assorted cold dishes, fried shrimp, fried diced chicken, fried beef fillet, sweet and sour fish, crispy chicken, beef casserole, roast duck, curry beef, soft fried tenderloin and other flavor dishes. Although Libya is a country where alcohol is forbidden, some of them like to drink cold beer when they go to China. I am used to drinking cold boiled water, mineral water, coffee and vegetables. Fruits like grapes, bananas, mangoes, watermelons, melons and other fruits; Dried fruits such as raisins, almonds and pine nuts.
Belief taboo: Libyans believe in Islam and take Islam as the state religion. They are afraid to pass things or food with their left hand. They think it is impolite or insulting to pass things or food with their left hand. If they pose like this, they will mistakenly think that you look down on them or insult them. They are afraid of male guests giving presents to their hostess. I think this is an act of suspected dereliction of duty. They forbid women to wear miniskirts and men to wear long hair, and violators will be severely punished. They don't want to talk about politics or other controversial issues. Bandu people in Libya forbid men to watch girls dance. Offenders will be regarded as "unlucky" and severely punished. Libyans hate dogs. People think that dogs are dirty animals, which bring people the impression of bad luck, plague and disaster. Especially, dogs as trademarks of commodities are disgusting. Libya is a country where alcohol is forbidden, and no one is allowed to drink, let alone drink in public. Pork is also banned and pig products are used. Some people do not eat spicy or seafood dishes.
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