Vladimir Putin was born in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) on 19521October 7. 1975 After graduating from the Law Department of Leningrad State University, he worked in the Foreign Intelligence Bureau of the National Security Council of the Soviet Union. From 1985 to 1990, he was sent to work in the former GDR. 1990 After returning to China, Putin successively served as foreign affairs assistant to the president of Leningrad University, adviser to the mayor of St. Petersburg, and chairman of the St. Petersburg Foreign Liaison Committee. 1994 as the first deputy mayor of St. Petersburg. 1In August 1996, Putin began to serve as deputy director of the Presidential Affairs Administration of the Russian Federation.1In March 1997, he served as deputy director of the President's Office and director of the Supervision Bureau.1In May 1998, he served as first deputy director of the President's Office, and in July of the same year, he served as director of the Russian Federal Security Service. 1In March 1999, he served as Secretary of the Russian Federal Security Council, and in August of the same year, he served as Prime Minister of the Russian Federal Government. 199965438+February 3 1 day, President Yeltsin announced his resignation as president and Putin became acting president. On March 26, 2000, Putin was elected President of the Russian Federation and was formally sworn in on May 7. In March 2004, Putin won the general election and was re-elected as president, and was sworn in in May of the same year.

The cloth comes from civilian style.

Putin was born in an ordinary worker's family in Leningrad. His grandfather is an excellent cook. He served Lenin's wife and sister, and then worked in a senior sanatorium of the Moscow Municipal Committee. Although he is a senior chef and has cooked for many outstanding people, he has never used his position for personal gain. Putin's parents are ordinary workers in the Soviet Union. In the hard years after the war, the life of this ordinary worker's family was very poor, but the love between them made this family full of warmth. Putin's father is a serious, decent, kind, wise and far-sighted man. He often tells Putin to be positive, to learn to make a living by himself, to protect himself and to seek development opportunities, so that Putin can cultivate a simple, tenacious and enterprising character from an early age. Putin has lived in a worker's apartment of only 27 square meters in Leningrad since he was a child. There is no elevator here, the kitchen is shared, and rats often appear in the building. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Putin still lived in this apartment with their parents until/kloc-0 was transferred to Moscow in 993.

The long-term civilian life has given Putin a personal experience of the hardships of the Russian people and a deep understanding of their thoughts, needs and demands. The observation of Russian people's life has made Putin a "leader" with a strong civilian color. He regards understanding people's voices and sufferings as the key to correct decision-making. He visited various places, often disrupting the local reception plan, and casually walked into people's homes to understand the situation without prior arrangement. Putin passed by a village when he visited the Far East this year. A man in shorts is chopping wood. His wife shouted to him, "master, the president is here!" " ""what president, damn it! " The man didn't believe it. He looked up and paused: "Vladimir vladimirovich, it's really you!" "No, not me." Putin joked. The man asked Putin to swim with his son. At that time, the water temperature was only 2 1 celsius, and Putin went into the water without saying anything. This story is about to become a legend. Prior to this, Yeltsin and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union liked to carefully plan inspections in advance, listen to reports from local leaders, and visit places of interest. Putin pays attention to "seeing is believing". Even in mass occasions, Putin is good at avoiding the "representatives of workers and peasants" placed by local leaders, picking ordinary people who have not been "trained" and chatting with them. Once abroad, an old lady who participated in the Great Patriotic War complained to him that her pension was lower than the national average and she did not enjoy any preferential treatment. After Putin returned to Moscow, he immediately asked the chairman of the retirement foundation about the situation. It turns out that according to the regulations, if you want to enjoy the discount, you have to apply for it yourself. No discount if you don't apply. Under Putin's questioning, this regulation was quickly revised, and foundation staff should provide on-site services for retirees. It is this populist thought and practice that makes Putin's domestic and foreign policies reflect the wishes of most Russians, and he himself has become "one of his own" in the eyes of ordinary people.

Pay attention to tradition and future.

Putin can win the trust of the Russian people, not only because of his unpretentious civilian style, but also because his thought of governing the country conforms to the realistic needs and development trend of Russia and the material and psychological needs of the Russian people. Since Putin came to power, he has skillfully integrated Russia's historical tradition, current social reality and future development direction, and put forward a "new Russian thought" that can be accepted by most Russian elites and people.

The first banner of "New Russian Thought" is to carry forward Russian historical tradition. After Putin came to power, he changed Gorbachev and Yeltsin's arrogant attitude towards Russian history, especially the history of the Soviet Union, and clearly stated that "meaningless denial of history will make the whole nation forget their ancestors". The Soviet Union has something to be proud of. "It is wrong to ignore or even deny the unquestionable achievements of this period." Putin also stressed that only by "organically combining the universal values of all mankind with the traditional values of Russia" can Russia have hope in the future. Under the guidance of this idea, Putin decided to re-establish the statue of andropov at the headquarters of the Federal Security Service, so that the staff of the security department can regain their long-lost sense of glory and pride; On the Victory Day celebration, he let 5,000 veterans from the former Soviet Union 15 republics walk in the forefront of the military parade, and let the Russians who have experienced ten years of hardships relive the infinite glory of defeating fascism that year; He finally decided that the tune of the Soviet national anthem was the Russian national anthem, and revived the Russian spirit with that passionate melody. At the same time, Putin fully affirmed the role of Orthodox Church in cultivating people's morality and spirit. He not only went to church regularly, but also often sought the advice of Archbishop Aleksi II on major decisions.

The second banner of "New Russian Thought" is patriotism. Putin received patriotic education from an early age and was determined to serve the country from an early age. When he found that "an intelligence officer can often do things that the whole army can't", he joined the KGB without hesitation. In an interview, Putin said frankly, "There is only one training in Russia, which is the country that loves you." Putin emphasized that patriotism "is the source of people's courage and strength" and "if patriotism is lost, national pride and dignity will be lost, and people who can create great achievements will be lost". Patriotism is embodied in Putin's domestic and foreign policies as "the supremacy of national interests". It is precisely for this reason that on the Chechen issue, Putin would rather risk breaking with the West than humiliating Russia. He would rather bear the reputation of a tyrant than see the existence of separatists. In international communication, whether it is advancing or retreating, Putin's first consideration is national interests. Although the United States has sharpened its sword against Iraq, Putin has always insisted on opposing the United States to take military action against Iraq, considering Russia's huge economic interests in Iraq. This quality of Putin has won the respect of foreign counterparts. Not only Blair and Schroeder have great respect for Putin, but even Bush admits that once you see Putin's eyes, you can feel his frankness.

The third banner of "new Russian thought" is to abandon imperial thought and fully integrate into the world. Putin worked in East Germany for five years and often visited developed countries such as West Germany and Switzerland. He has personal experience of the social and economic operation in West Germany and has special feelings for the German-style social market system. This overseas experience has given Putin a broad international vision and made him more deeply aware of the consequences of Russia's self-isolation and derailment from the world. Putin realized that the concept of empire formed for a long time in history does not conform to Russia's real national interests and the reality of today's world. "As long as Russia considers the problem pragmatically, it will be invincible, but in the case of imperialist ideology prevailing or acting as a savior, it will inevitably fail." Putin has publicly stated that imperial ideology and foreign policy ideology have brought "the country is in trouble and the people are poor" to Russia. He has no illusions about reversing the decline of the Russian empire, but takes "strengthening the country and enriching the people" as the fundamental goal of the national policy. While abandoning imperial ambitions, Putin positioned Russia as "a country that does not belong to the highest level of economic and social development in the contemporary world", admitted that the gap between Russia and advanced countries was widening, and believed that Russia was in danger of becoming a "second-and third-rate country". At the same time, Putin clearly emphasized that the prosperity of the Russian people and the strength of the country must be closely linked with the development of the world. Russia must fully participate in world economic integration and realize its interests through dialogue and cooperation among different civilizations.

keep a low profile and concentrate on self-improvement

In people's impression, Russia has always been a country that is constantly conquering and expanding. But in fact, Russia has also experienced many difficult moments of internal and external troubles in history. In this case, Russians can often hide their strength, rest on their laurels, and use softness to control weakness:

The Golden Horde ruled Russia for 200 years, and the Russians openly gave money to the Mongols to marry women, secretly dividing up the corrosion. In the end, the Principality of Moscow defeated Mongolian vassals and recovered Russia's lost territory. After the Crimean War, Tsarist Russia was in a difficult situation because of internal and external troubles. Foreign Minister Gorchakov, on the one hand, gave up the war bonus, on the other hand, used the contradiction of European powers to unite with Lian Heng, and finally made Russia regain the status of a European power; After the October Revolution, the new Soviet regime was very weak, surrounded by German soldiers and challenged by white bandits. Lenin pushed his way through the crowd and signed the Brest Peace Treaty with Germany. Although it paid a heavy price, it won valuable breathing space for the Soviet regime.

As an admirer who reached the peak of power when the country declined, Putin inherited and promoted the historical tradition. He clearly realized that Russia "is in the most difficult historical period for hundreds of years" and "may not be able to greatly change the existing structure of international relations and shake the hegemony of the United States", so it is necessary to inherit Gorchakov's diplomatic tradition. Russian diplomatic think tanks also explicitly advised Putin to learn from China's diplomatic experience in the past 20 years, "give up confrontation with the outside world, focus on domestic economic construction, and adhere to a principled foreign policy stance in a small scale with great toughness".

According to the current international environment, Putin has set the keynote of his diplomacy of "keeping a low profile and keeping a low profile" as "promoting change through integration": actively cooperating with "opponents" and integrating into them to create a good external environment for domestic economic development. Putin has been in power for two years, especially after "9. 1 1", and has increased cooperation with the West. Russia took the initiative to carry out anti-terrorism cooperation with the United States to promote a major breakthrough in bilateral relations; Russia and NATO have established a new cooperation mechanism, which has promoted the transformation of NATO from a purely military group to a military and political organization; Russia and Europe held active negotiations on establishing a common economic space and energy cooperation. Putin achieved the desired change to a certain extent: Bush called Russia a "partner" in public, not an "opponent"; Both the United States and Europe recognize Russia as a market economy country, which speeds up the negotiation process of Russia's accession to the WTO; The attitude towards Chechnya has also changed, and Russia's external environment has improved significantly.

Putin once said, "Judo is not a simple sport, but a philosophy". The philosophy he learned from judo is that no matter how powerful your opponent is, as long as you master the skills and seize the flaws of your opponent, you can knock him down. "Softness" is to "overcome rigidity" and concession is to win. Therefore, while "keeping a low profile" in diplomacy, Putin knew that Russia "has not lost its potential to become a great power", and he forbeared to make concessions for the re-emergence of Russia. In practice, Putin's "hide one's strength and bide one's time" is not a blind compromise, but a transfer of national interests, doing what one can, no longer caring about and interfering in international affairs that have nothing to do with himself, and concentrating on strengthening national strength: abandoning global confrontation with the United States and building a "stable arc" around himself; Adhere to the goal of multipolarization, but talk less and do more, and oppose the unipolar attempt of the United States, but do not take the lead in "carrying the banner"; Dealing with international affairs emphasizes "selective participation" and concentrates resources on the direction and field that concerns Russia's vital interests; Reduce bravado, from trying to win by being brave to doing what you can, from paying attention to the face of a big country to paying more attention to practical interests; Strategically, we insist on the firmness of safeguarding national interests, and strategically emphasize the flexibility of realizing national interests.

Putin has been in charge of Russia for more than two years, and this almost tilted ship of Russia has found its own direction again. Putin may also become the next helmsman of this huge ship, and under his command, Russia, which is more depressed and excited, may set sail.