In fact, since the release of 20021Decision of the State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Optimizing Birth Policy to Promote Long-term Balanced Development of Population, policies to encourage and optimize birth have been issued all over the country. "I don't have time to have children and raise children" and "I am afraid of unemployment and dare not have children" have become the pain points of targeted solutions in various places.
Wenzhou, which has hit tens of millions of people, is also constantly exploring "life". In recent years, Wenzhou has successively planned a series of policies, such as maternity allowance, floating loan amount of housing provident fund, house purchase subsidy and comprehensive nursery service. So, what policies can impress you and what problems remain to be solved to encourage fertility?
"Give money" to transfer the burden reduction orientation
Encourage fertility and play combination boxing. The first measure is to reduce the economic burden. Last June, Wenzhou reduced the burden on three-child families for the first time in the field of housing loans. If a three-child family that meets the policy purchases the first or second set of housing, the maximum loan amount of the housing provident fund will rise by 50%. Taking Wenzhou double deposit as an example, the amount of provident fund loan is equivalent to an increase of 350,000 yuan, which can greatly reduce interest expenses.
Ryan is more direct. According to the housing subsidy policy issued by Ryan recently, families with two children and three children will be given a maximum consumption subsidy of 65,438+0.2% of the purchase price when purchasing new commercial housing during the year. If the total price of the property is 3 million, it can save 36 thousand.
In addition to asking you to spend less money, there is also direct money. Recently, the "Measures for Issuing One-time Maternity Allowance for Registered Population in Wenzhou City" was publicly solicited for comments, and one-time maternity allowance 1000 yuan, 2,000 yuan and 3,000 yuan were distributed to eligible families with one child, two children and three children respectively. Previously, Longwan District had planned to introduce childcare subsidies, and it was planned to give each child 500 yuan and 1 10,000 yuan per month to eligible families with two or three children until the child was three years old. From maternity subsidies to childcare subsidies, continuous financial support will be formed.
Hangzhou, Ningbo and Lishui in the province have taken drastic measures from one-time maternity allowance to monthly childcare allowance, and then the housing loan quota has gone up. Looking at the whole country, Linze County in Gansu Province is more prosperous. From the birth of a child to the graduation of kindergarten, there are considerable subsidies, including housing subsidies, up to100000 yuan. Of course, giving money may be icing on the cake. For families who are not well-off, it may also be a timely help, but it conveys a direction to encourage fertility.
"Give leisure" shows a caring attitude.
One more child means one more responsibility and one more pressure. This pressure comes from both money and time. With one or two more children at home, does the woman still have to take care of the baby full-time? This is a choice to change the family ecology for dual-employee families: the labor force is reduced by half, and the childcare expenditure is doubled.
According to a survey data of the All-China Women's Federation, the problem of infant care has become one of the main factors affecting the fertility will.
How to reconcile the time conflict between work and child care has also taken a lot of brains in various places. Xizang Autonomous Region has introduced extra-long holidays to increase parenting time: cadres and workers with three children can enjoy one-year paid maternity leave, cadres and workers working in areas above 4,000 meters above sea level or border counties can enjoy one-and-a-half-year paid maternity leave, and spouses can enjoy 30 days of paternity leave; Before the child reaches the age of 3, both husband and wife can enjoy 15 days of parental leave every year.
Wenzhou, on the other hand, started with child care services to free parents' time. Since 2020, Wenzhou has included 0-3-year-old infant care service into the municipal government's livelihood project for three consecutive years. There are 884 kindergartens in the city, covering nearly 80% of the streets (towns). By the end of 2022, the year-on-year growth rate of public kindergartens in Wenzhou is the first in the province, and the proportion of children enrolled in inclusive kindergartens reaches 95. 1%, and the time of nursery is fully extended, so that parents can go to work and take care of them to the greatest extent.
"Give Strength" and Create a Good Educational Atmosphere
The old man advised the girls to have a saying: "In the past, poor conditions gave birth to your brothers and sisters. Now that living conditions are good, why not give birth? "
This is the problem. Because the logic of fertility has changed: in the past, having more children can help with the work in the fields, and the cost of raising children is low. What is the significance of having more children now? Being born without self-confidence and not knowing why is a realistic problem that needs to be solved.
Looking at each birth encouragement policy alone, it may be thin. From thousands of dollars or even tens of thousands of dollars, maternity allowance is still a drop in the bucket for raising a child. However, the purpose of the policy to provide quality services is to make young people realize that raising children is not only a battle for their own families, but also requires systematic support from the government, society and other forces. All walks of life have joined forces to provide warm public services and a social atmosphere that dares to live and nurture, and gradually raise the expectations of young people.
The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Optimizing the Birth Policy to Promote the Long-term Balanced Development of Population clearly points out that by 2025, an active birth support policy system will be basically established. By then, "the cost of childbirth, parenting and education should be significantly reduced, so that the level of prenatal and postnatal care services can meet the people's needs for a better life."
Adapting to the need of pursuing a better life is the new fertility logic. Since last year, Zhejiang has regarded "good education in Zhejiang" as one of the landmark achievements of common prosperity. Innovative measures such as "children's education quality service circle", infant development screening and "one thing" joint reform at birth are aimed at reducing the troubles of young parents and bringing more warmth and peace of mind.
Wenzhou has written the "child-friendly city construction" into the work report of the Party Congress and the municipal government, and incorporated it into the city's assessment system in 2022 to ensure the happy growth of children in all aspects.