Precious background comes from endangered.
"As early as the 1980s, the giant salamander has been acquired as an aquatic resource and is a traditional export commodity of China. It is recorded that one ton of giant salamander (scientific name "giant salamander") was replaced by five trucks and 32 tons of wheat. " Yang Aisheng, director of the expert committee of the Hunan Giant Salamander Protection and Development Association, told the reporter that the giant salamander itself is rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, inorganic salts and amino acids, which is a rare delicacy. However, due to the destruction of the natural environment, the living environment of giant salamanders is getting worse and worse, and the number is getting less and less, which is on the verge of extinction. 1988 "People's Republic of China (PRC) wildlife protection law" was promulgated, and the giant salamander was listed as a national second-class wild protected animal and protected by legislation.
Yang Aisheng said that in the past 20 years, under the guidance of the National Protection Law, the domestication, breeding, fishing, transportation and utilization of giant salamanders have been clearly licensed and managed, and law enforcement teams have been established to strengthen law enforcement protection. On the one hand, it severely cracked down on a series of illegal and criminal acts such as destroying giant salamander resources, killing and selling. On the other hand, it encourages domestication and breeding and legal and reasonable management, and hundreds of them have been certified nationwide, realizing the qualitative change from primitive hunting and utilization to artificial domestication and breeding resources and scientific development and utilization.
Want to know if giant salamander can eat?
On the second floor of the hotel, a brown giant salamander lies in the shallow water of the glass cabinet. Its head is wide and flat, a pair of small eyes are embedded in it, its tail is flat, its limbs are short and its shape is strange.
Many citizens watched and asked questions: "Can giant salamanders eat?"
"At present, two catering institutions in Changsha have been allowed to operate and sell giant salamanders that meet certain conditions." Cao, director of the Provincial Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau, told the reporter.
"According to national regulations, the second-generation artificial giant salamander must be available for sale. It has no reproductive ability and is a disabled variety. Catering institutions must be approved by the Fisheries Department of the Provincial Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau, and related links such as domestication, breeding and transportation must also be approved. "
It is understood that under the premise of a breakthrough in artificial reproduction of giant salamanders, a small number of giant salamanders are allowed to serve on the table. 1978, experts in Hunan aquatic industry, with Yang Aisheng as the pioneer, succeeded in artificially breeding giant salamander for the first time, so Yang Aisheng was praised as "the first person to artificially breed giant salamander".
The data from the Provincial Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau show that the artificial breeding of giant salamander has made great progress in the past 20 years. Nearly 100 units in China artificially breed nearly 100 giant salamander seedlings every year, and the number is increasing rapidly every year. In Hunan, the number of domesticated giant salamander breeding parents increased from 1.700 in 2000 to 8,000, and the number of breeding backup parents 1.2000. The annual breeding quantity of giant salamander larvae reached more than 20,000 from less than 1 0,000 in 2000, and Hunan Province was established.
Call for strengthening market supervision
"Scientific development and utilization can promote the artificial reproduction of giant salamander. I believe that in the near future, through artificial breeding, the number of giant salamanders will continue to increase, and eventually they will step out of the ranks of second-class protected animals. " Yang Aisheng said. It is understood that at present, four catering institutions in the province are allowed to operate giant salamander. The giant salamander with smooth skin and tender meat makes more and more people see its shape and taste it.
"Giant salamander is a national second-class wild protected animal. Market supervision should be strengthened to prevent some businesses from profiteering and bring wild and normal giant salamanders to the table! " Yesterday, many citizens expressed a certain degree of concern in an interview.
"The giant salamander must be identified before entering the market from the supply place to see if it belongs to the variety that can be listed." The Provincial Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau said that supervision will be strengthened, and those who find illegal use of giant salamanders as raw materials will be severely punished. Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) is a kind of giant salamander, commonly known as giant salamander, which is an amphibian living in fresh water. At present, the earliest fossil in the world was unearthed in Inner Mongolia, China, about 65,438+65 million years ago. People's Republic of China (PRC) Wildlife Protection Law (1988) lists it as a national second-class protected wildlife in China, which is one of the national treasures of China.
describe
Chinese giant salamander is the largest amphibian, generally about 60-70 cm in length and 5-6 kg in weight, with the largest reaching 1.8 m and weighing 30 kg. The back is brown with black patches, the abdomen is pale, the head is flat and wide, with paired wart processes, the back of the head has tiny nostrils and eyes, the mouth is big, the body is flat and thick, the tail is short and flat, the limbs are short, the forelimbs are 4 fingers, the hind limbs are 5 toes, and there are webbed between the toes.
Because it cries like a baby crying, it is also called "giant salamander", but it is an amphibian and has nothing to do with fish.
living conditions
Giant salamanders live in clear, low-temperature streams, eat fish and crustaceans, lay eggs in late summer and hatch in about 2 to 4 weeks.
At present, there are artificially domesticated giant salamanders in Hunan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guangdong and Guangxi. Wild species are extremely rare, mainly distributed in the tributaries of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Pearl River basins at an altitude of1500m. It has been found in Taiwan Province Province, but it is believed that it is caused by the introduction of wild individuals.
Protect the status quo
Because of its long life span, giant salamander is considered to have magical curative effect and expensive price, and is often caught, eaten or watched by human beings. In addition, the living environment was destroyed and almost extinct. At present, it is illegal to sell wild giant salamanders in China, but it is very popular to give gifts in China, Sichuan and Hubei provinces. At the end of the 20th century, Taiwan Province Province was also popular with delicious food, which was smuggled from Chinese mainland for viewing.
In the red list of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the giant salamander is listed as an extremely endangered species, indicating that its wild population is facing a very high probability of extinction. At present, wild populations are mainly faced with overfishing, and the destruction of habitats has also reduced their living space.
artificial insemination
Since 1978, Yang Aisheng has successfully bred the giant salamander. Today, the number of artificially bred giant salamanders in China has reached about 65,438+10,000, and the Hunan Giant Salamander Protection and Development Association was established. It is reported that the artificially domesticated giant salamander will become the food of the general public within two years.
In 2009, Zhangjiajie giant salamander nature reserve, one of the main habitats of giant salamander, is planning to provide giant salamander to Hong Kong Ocean Park for popular science propaganda and scientific research. Previously, there were two giant salamanders in Hong Kong, which were illegally smuggled into Hong Kong by/kloc-0 in the late 1990s. AFCD found them and handed them over to Kadoorie Farm for care. They have been kept in Ocean Park since 200 1.