Maintaining the acid-base balance in human body depends on the pH of food intake and the regulation of acid-base balance by excretory system. The acidity and alkalinity of food refers to the result of metabolism in the body after digestion and absorption. If there are more phosphate, sulfate and chloride ions produced after food metabolism, it is easy to form acids in the body and produce acidic reactions. If more sodium ions, potassium ions, magnesium ions and calcium ions are produced, it is easy to produce more alkali in the body and form an alkaline reaction. This is related to the mineral content in food. Generally speaking, foods containing more minerals such as sulfur and phosphorus are acidic foods; Foods containing more minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium are alkaline foods. Some foods, such as refined oil, sugar, starch, etc. , basically do not have the above two elements, so it is a neutral food, these foods do not affect the pH of body fluids. Therefore, the so-called acidic food cannot be understood as sour food and sour fruit, such as tomatoes, oranges, hawthorn, bayberry and so on. After metabolism in the body, it will have an alkaline effect on the human body.

So what are the common alkaline foods? Such as bean curd, pea, soybean, mung bean, rape, celery, sweet potato, lotus root, onion, eggplant, pumpkin, mushroom, radish, spinach, cabbage, lettuce, mushroom, carrot, bamboo shoot, potato, konjac, kelp, laver, citrus, watermelon, grape, banana, apple and pear. So what are the main acidic foods? Such as rice, flour, animal meat (beef, pork, mutton, chicken, duck and so on. ) and eggs.

Generally, middle-aged and elderly people have a daily staple food of 300 ~ 400g g. If you eat some alkaline root foods such as sweet potatoes and potatoes, the amount of staple food can be reduced appropriately. Animal meat is the most important acidic food. Generally, it should be controlled within100g every day. Usually eat more alkaline foods such as vegetables and fruits to avoid acid constitution.

List of low-fat and high-protein foods

(1) Meat: roast beef, beef liver, mutton and chicken.

(2) Fish and other seafood: carp, sturgeon, flounder, clam, crab, shrimp and oyster.

(3) Vegetables: asparagus, eggplant, fresh lentils, lettuce and peas; Potato, spinach, pumpkin, tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumber, green pepper, carrot and carrot.

(4) Fruits: all fruits and juices (fresh, canned or frozen).

(5) Dairy products: skimmed milk (fresh milk or milk powder), margarine and household cheese.

(6) Bread and cereal: rice, bread, macaroni, salty soda biscuits and corn flour.

(7) Condiments: honey and jam; Tomato sauce, ginger, mustard, coffee and tea.

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19 high-protein and low-fat food types

1, wax gourd. It has diuretic effect, can expel water and lose weight. Eating wax gourd regularly can change the starch and sugar in food and prevent it from turning into fat. In addition, wax gourd is rich in vitamins and low in calories.

2. Cucumber contains diol diacid, which can inhibit the conversion of sugar food into fat. Cucumber is also rich in cellulose, which can strengthen gastrointestinal peristalsis, smooth stool and low calorie content.

3. The soap and mucus contained in the loofah is beneficial to smooth stool and low calorie. In addition, Luffa is also rich in vitamins B 1, B2, A, C and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron.

4. White radish contains mustard oil and amylase, which helps digestion and metabolism of fatty foods and prevents the accumulation of subcutaneous fat. White radish also has the function of ventilation and promoting defecation.

5. Porphyra has high fiber content and low fat content, which is easy to produce satiety and has the function of clearing heat and diuresis.

6, leek is rich in fiber, which can make the stool smooth, discharge too much protein and fat in the intestine, and prevent fat accumulation in the body.

7. Kelp contains a lot of fiber and inorganic elements (especially potassium content is very rich), which has the functions of relaxing bowels and diuresis.

8. Mung bean sprouts have more water and less calories, are not easy to form fat, and have diuretic effect.

9. Pepper has the function of consuming body fat, rich in vitamins and low in calories.

10, apples contain pectin, which is a soluble fiber and helps to lower cholesterol. Apples are also rich in crude fiber, which can absorb a lot of water and slow down the absorption of sugar. At the same time, it can stimulate intestinal peristalsis and promote defecation.

1 1, lemon contains more citric acid, which can promote the secretion of gastric juice, promote intestinal peristalsis and facilitate defecation.

12, tea It is generally believed that tea has the functions of eliminating greasy, reducing fat and reducing blood fat.

13, Xiaoyi Wen is rich in amino acids, which can promote the decomposition of body fat and the metabolism of sugar.

14, the fat content of rabbit meat is extremely low, and most of them are unsaturated fatty acids, so long-term consumption will not cause fat accumulation in the body.

15, adzuki bean is a food with high protein and low fat. It has the effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling, and can promote defecation.

16. Garlic inhibits the formation of enzymes, thus reducing the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol (the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol is inseparable from the participation of enzymes).

Auricularia auricula is a kind of food with high protein, low fat, high moisture and multi-minerals. It also contains a polysaccharide substance, which can lower blood cholesterol, lose weight and fight cancer.

18. Lotus leaf tea can obviously lose weight by replacing tea leaves with 50 grams of fresh lotus leaves ~ 100 grams (25 grams of dried lotus leaves) every day for 3 months.

Quail Quail meat is a high-protein, low-fat and multivitamin food, and its cholesterol content is also very low, so it is an ideal meat to lose weight.