1. Snacks: such as white sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, chocolate, milk sugar, fruit candy, candied fruit, canned fruit, soda, fruit juice, sweet drinks, jam, ice cream, cookies, cakes, sweet bread and sweets made of sugar.

2, dried fruit: can not use peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, pine nuts and other hard fruit foods to satisfy hunger.

3, taboo: spicy, fried, aquatic products such as marine fish, crabs, peppers, garlic, raw onions, parsley, dog meat, egg yolk, animal offal, edible fungi, seaweed, Toona sinensis, bean products, tea, coffee, butter, pigs, cattle and sheep oil.

4, high potassium food diabetic nephropathy patients do not eat: such as bitter gourd, spinach, fungus, tremella, shepherd's purse, potatoes, oranges, bananas and so on.

Second, what can diabetic nephropathy eat?

1, bean products: soybean, soybean milk, etc. (but renal failure is prohibited).

2. Vegetables: cabbage, spinach, rape, leek, green pepper, cucumber, wax gourd, pumpkin, cantaloupe, tomato, mung bean sprout, lettuce, eggplant, cauliflower, lentil, sauerkraut, spinach, bitter gourd, onion, mushroom, zucchini, green vegetables, shepherd's purse, cabbage, fresh dates and other vegetables.

3. Fruits with low sugar content: such as apples, pears, oranges, oranges and grapefruit.

4. Edible oil: advocate the application of vegetable oil and fish oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.

3. What is the staple food of diabetic nephropathy patients?

Patients with diabetic nephropathy advocate eating more coarse rice, flour and a certain amount of miscellaneous grains, such as naked oats flour, buckwheat flour, hot cereal, corn flour, etc., which contain a variety of trace elements, vitamin B and dietary fiber.

4. Can diabetics drink alcohol?

Diabetic patients should avoid drinking alcohol, which will interfere with blood sugar control and the implementation of diet treatment plan. Excessive drinking can induce ketoacidosis, and long-term drinking can cause alcoholic cirrhosis and pancreatitis.

Five, the dietary principles of diabetic nephropathy:

1. How do patients with diabetic nephropathy consume fat?

Limit the amount of fat in food, eat less animal fat and try to replace it with vegetable oil; If you have hypercholesterolemia, you should also limit your cholesterol intake (

2. How do patients with diabetic nephropathy take protein?

Patients with diabetic nephropathy should follow the principle of low protein diet: the intake of protein should be adjusted according to GFR in clinic, and the dietary standard should be established.

① The daily high-quality protein of 50 ml < GFR ≤ 80 ml/min patients with kidney disease is 0.4 g/kg body weight;

② Kidney disease patients with GFR ≤ 50ml/min include azotemia (GFR 25 ~ 50ml/min), renal failure (GFR 10 ~ 25ml/min) and uremia (GFR less than 10ml/min), and the daily high-quality protein should be controlled at 0.3g/ kg body weight;

③ Those who enter the routine dialysis treatment stage (more than twice a week) and achieve the dialysis treatment effect (the serum creatinine is maintained at 700-800Umol/L) are 0.6g/ kg body weight per day.

Attachment: During the growth and development of teenagers, pregnancy or breastfeeding, malnutrition and wasting diseases, the intake of protein can be appropriately increased. Note: The diet with high-quality protein below 0.2g/ kg body weight has extremely low protein content. If it exceeds 3 weeks, malnutrition will occur in protein, and it is necessary to add essential amino acids (EAA) or a mixed preparation of EAA and α -keto acid (the usage is the same: 4-8 tablets for adults, 3 times a day) to maintain a good nutritional state.

3. What is the daily salt intake of patients with diabetic nephropathy?

The daily salt intake of diabetic patients should not exceed 7g, and patients with nephropathy should

Sixth, the diet of diabetic nephropathy should be fixed: fixed food intake, fixed insulin dosage, and fixed medication time after meals.

What does diabetic nephropathy eat for three meals a day?

(1) breakfast

(1) staple food: high-fiber staple food such as high-fiber steamed bread or cakes.

(2) Non-staple food:

(1) a boiled egg or poached egg (remove the yolk).

② Choose one of light soybean milk, milk or millet porridge.

3 cold dishes.

(2) Lunch

(1) staple food: high-fiber rice, high-fiber steamed bread, high-fiber noodles or other high-fiber staple foods.

(2) Non-staple food:

① Lean meat, chickens and ducks can be selected according to the situation.

2 cooking, cold dishes, bean products, etc.

(3) Dinner

(1) staple food:

High-fiber staple foods, such as high-fiber steamed bread and high-fiber rice.

Those who like to drink porridge can choose millet porridge, mung bean porridge and red bean porridge according to their personal habits.

(2) Non-staple food:

① Vegetables, bean products, etc.

② Chicken and duck meat can be selected according to personal preference.

(4) Drink a cup of pure milk before going to bed at night, about 300 ml, according to the condition or doctor's guidance.

5. Description

(1) You must eat enough staple food every day, not less than 300g (dry food).

(2) Vegetables eaten every day should be selected according to the varieties specified in "Food for Diabetic Nephropathy Patients".

(3) The varieties of vegetables and non-staple foods eaten every day should be diversified and not monotonous.

(4) The daily staple food advocates eating coarse rice, flour and a certain amount of miscellaneous grains to be healthy, that is, two meals of rice and one meal of flour a day; Or a rice staple food and two noodles staple food.

Seven, diabetic nephropathy recipes

Formula example Ⅰ

Breakfast:

① 70g of rice porridge, poached eggs (yolk removed), 8g of cooking oil and a little pickles.

② 60 grams of rice porridge, 30 grams of boiled peanuts and a little pickles.

③ Daoxiao Noodles 90g, shredded pork 100g, spinach or chickpea, and edible oil 5g.

④ Soymilk, 70g bread or steamed bread, eggs (yolk removed).

(5) 50g of milk, 50g of pie or 50g of steamed bread, and 50g of fried dough sticks 1 root.

Lunch or dinner:

① Rice 105g, egg (yolk removed), celery 150g, tomato 100g, cooking oil for soup 16g and watermelon 200g.

② Rice 105g, eggs (yolk removed), vegetables 200g, edible oil 20g and apples 75g.

③ dried noodles 105g, chicken, Chinese cabbage 200g, cooking oil 22g, pear 1 10g.

④ Vegetable meat steamed stuffed bun (flour 105g, lean pork 50g, dried bean curd 20g, Chinese cabbage 20g, vegetable oil 7g) and orange 80g.

⑤ Vegetable wonton (wonton skin 150g, lean meat 50g, dried bean curd 25g, vegetables 200g, vegetable oil 7g) and orange 100g.

Formula example Ⅱ

Breakfast:

(1) 75g of rice porridge, poached eggs (yolk removed), 6g of cooking oil and a little pickles.

(2) 65g of rice porridge, 30g of boiled peanuts and a little pickles.

(3) Daoxiao Noodles 95g, beef, spinach or chickpea 100g, edible oil 3g.

(4) 75g of soybean milk, bread or steamed bread, eggs 1/2 (yolk removed) and 6g of fish oil.

(5) Milk, 55g steamed bread, 1 fried dough sticks.

Lunch or dinner:

(1) rice130g, egg (yolk removed), celery150g, tomato100g, 9 g of edible oil and 200g of watermelon.

(2) Rice 130g, beef eggplant 200g, edible oil 13g and apple 75g.

(3) dried noodles 105g, chicken cabbage 200g, edible oil 15g, pear1/0g.

(4) Vegetable meat buns (flour130g, lean meat 30g, dried bean curd 30g, Chinese cabbage 200g, vegetable oil 5g) and oranges 80g.

(5) Vegetable wonton (wonton skin 180g, dried bean curd 30g, lean meat 30g, green vegetables 200g, vegetable oil 5g) and orange 100g.

Attached:

(1) If you don't eat fruit, you can convert 20 grams of carbohydrates contained in two meals in the afternoon and evening into 1/2 two kinds of pure cereal snacks, which can be eaten in the afternoon or evening.

(2) For the daily intake of protein, please refer to the patient's glomerular filtration rate.