Two vitamins in Lentinus edodes
Lentinus edodes has high nutritional value because it is rich in vitamins. In particular, the contents of B vitamins, ergosterol and nicotinic acid are much higher than other foods. Mushrooms also contain ascorbic acid (vitamin C), pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, vitamin b 12 and other vitamins.
Pleurotus ostreatus was originally named Pleurotus ostreatus. In ancient China, smallpox was called "Huai E"; In Europe and America, it is called Pleurotus ostreatus; In Japan, it is also called mushroom. Alias Beifengjun, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus eryngii. Taxonomically, it belongs to Basidiomycetes, Agaricus, Agaricus and Pleurotus.
With the progress of science, Pleurotus ostreatus gradually changed from wild domestication to artificial cultivation in modern times. Among more than 2000 kinds of edible fungi found at home and abroad in modern times, it is a large-scale edible fungus with rapid growth, large size, tender taste and high value. Originally a rare delicacy in the court, it has now become a mushroom dish on the table of thousands of families.
As early as six or seven hundred years ago, when Zhu Bian, a litterateur of the Southern Song Dynasty, was imprisoned in 16, he wrote a poem "Xie Cuizhi's smallpox in Xiang Jun", which said: "In the past three years, the northern meat dishes were everywhere, and the food reminded people of the taste of Zhou Nan. The dish was nine summer treasures, and smallpox suddenly came up from five jade seedlings. " [The author explained it briefly, to the effect that: three. Enthusiastically praised Pleurotus ostreatus as both a meat dish and a dish, praised Pleurotus ostreatus as delicious as flowers in the sky, with endless aftertaste and emotion. There are also villagers in northern Anhui who have known since ancient times that "Huai E" (referring to Pleurotus ostreatus) can cure esophageal cancer.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, Italy first carried out research on sawdust cultivation, and began to plant it on a large scale in the late forties. At about 1930 in China, Pleurotus eryngii was cultivated in Changbai Mountain forest area by using fallen wood of broad-leaved trees such as maple. 1936 or so, Japanese Moriki and China's Huang Fanxi started bottle planting. Since then, Europeans lutha-ra 1969 have cultivated Pleurotus eryngii with sawdust from beech or other broad-leaved trees. In recent 10 years, Germany, Japan, South Korea and China have cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus with straw and waste cottonseed hulls, which greatly promoted the development of artificial cultivation and production of Pleurotus ostreatus. Qidong city was introduced from Hebei province on 1979, and the trial planting was successful. 1984 The author introduced Pleurotus ostreatus from Jiangxi and cultivated it successfully.
Modern scientific research has confirmed that the nutritional components and functions of Pleurotus ostreatus have many aspects:
The protein content of (1) was as high as 19-26g. According to the data, the dry protein content of Pleurotus ostreatus is about 20%, which is 2.6 times that of eggs, 4 times that of pork and 15 times that of spinach and rape. Protein contains 18 amino acids, of which 8 essential amino acids account for 8.38%, accounting for more than 35% of the total amino acids of 20.7%. Edible fungi, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, are delicious because they contain a variety of amino acids mentioned above, which can stimulate people's taste organs to feel umami, much better than monosodium glutamate. Not thirsty. And it is rich in amino acids. For example, the average values of isoleucine, leucine and lysine in mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes and Volvariella volvacea are 4.45%, 6.8% and 7.7% respectively, while the average values of these three amino acids in beef, milk and soybean are 4. 1%, 0. 10% and 3% respectively. In particular, lysine and leucine in animals and plants are mostly lacking, and leucine is almost absent. China's food structure is dominated by food, which is even more lacking. Lysine plays a unique role in promoting memory and intelligence, and is very important for the development and health of infants and the elderly. A moderate increase in leucine. It is an important component that can promote the human body to easily synthesize advanced protein. Therefore, the amino acids contained in general edible fungi can be compared with milk, lean meat and fish, or even worse. For example, there is almost no vitamin C in fish;
(2) Fat 3.84%;
(3) The total carbohydrate content is 65.6 1%, including reducing sugar 54.73%, pentosan 1.96%, methyl pentose 1. 16%, seawater bath sugar 5.38% and mannitol1.
(4) containing 6. 15% cellulose;
(5) The ash content is 4.94%;
(6) Vitamin B is rich, such as VB2 0. 1.35% μ g, vc9.3% μ g, VD 0. 1.2% μ g (ergosterol);
(7) It also contains 14 kinds of trace elements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc and sulfur;
(8) Recent studies show that Pleurotus ostreatus also contains bioactive substances such as proteoglycan and acidic polysaccharide, which have great effects on health and longevity, prevention and treatment of hepatitis (Pleurotus ostreatus can be made into Ganning tablets) and prevention and treatment of cancer;
(9) Pleurotus ostreatus. It has strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and mycobacteria.
(10) Especially in recent years, it has been known that edible fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus generally contain inducers (antibodies that can inhibit viruses) that can stimulate the body to produce interferon. This substance, collectively called "mushroom-—vrna", can strongly inhibit virus proliferation. Therefore, regular consumption of mushroom foods can reduce virus infections such as "flu" and hepatitis, especially against the invasion of viruses such as SARS.