Around the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the Lantern Festival is celebrated in all parts of Shanxi, and the most interesting is the "Nine-Qu Yellow River Lantern Festival". In the villages in the southwest of Lu Xian County, Hebei Province, the activity of turning to Jiuqu is the most prosperous. Every year, on the 15th, 20th, 25th and 2nd of the first lunar month, a nine-song Yellow River Lantern Festival is held, which lasts for five days or three days. It is sung during the day and turns to nine songs at night, which is close to dozens of villages and towns in Fiona Fang.
Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern Festival, commonly known as Lantern Festival, is an ancient traditional folk activity in Shanxi. In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 137 1), Shanxi immigrants brought lanterns to Gezhuang Village, Dong Tian, Miyun County, with a history of more than 600 years. The formation of Jiuqu Yellow River Array is based on the orientation of Jiugong and Bagua in Zhouyi, which is composed of nine traditional rich and magnificent patterns. There are eight palaces in the array, namely, Gan, Kan, Gen, Zhen, Xun, Li, Kun, Dui and Zhong Palace, symbolizing Kyushu in China. People enter from the entrance, pass through the serial array smoothly, and then return from the exit, which means a smooth and safe year.
The so-called "Jiuqu" is a winding path made of wooden poles or corn stalks, with an exit and an entrance, about one meter wide and a journey of about one kilometer. Wood stalks or corn stalks are more than two meters high, planted in series on the ground according to the specified distance and route. The middle of the lamp poles are connected by ropes, and the upper end has a round wooden lamp holder with a diameter of 12 to 15 cm, which is pasted with colored paper and lit with a Hu oil lamp.
The number of lights on wooden poles is generally 365 (plus 30 in leap years), and one light is one day, symbolizing 365 days a year. In the center of the light field is an "old pole" seven to ten meters high, with big lanterns and fireworks waiting to be lit. There are many conical "flourishing fires" made of carbon blocks outside the light field, which are lit at night and the flames are soaring for tourists to watch and warm, which is an indispensable foil for the light field.
There are different explanations about the origin of Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern Festival in Shanxi. Some people say that it originated from offering sacrifices to Laozi, the originator of Taoism, and the Nine Songs are essentially the deformation of Taoist Taiji Diagram of Yin and Yang. Some people say that this is a maze pattern in ancient wars. Shang Zhouwang, the last monarch of Shang Dynasty, was a cruel and heartless man. Jiang Ziya was invited by Hou Wenzhi, the king of Xibe nationality, to lead an army to attack Zhou, and the Shang and Zhou military forces were defeated.
In order to protect the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, a man surnamed Wen invited his friend Zhao Gongming to lead troops to resist, and Zhao Gongming was unfortunately killed. His sister "Three Clouds (Cloud, Xiao Qiong, Bixiao)" (Zhao Gongming three sisters) set up a nine-bend Yellow River array to break the Jiang Ziya array, and finally the "Three Clouds" array was destroyed. Later generations sacrificed their lives to commemorate Zhao Guangming and his "Three Xiao", and turned the Jiuqu Yellow River Array into an entertainment for people to watch.
Another legend points out that Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern Festival began to rise in the Tang Dynasty. According to legend, at that time, there was a Tailuo River (now Guanhe River) in the west of Pinglu County. It turned left and right, and it took nine turns to leave the country and flow into the Yellow River. Whenever there is heavy rain and flash floods, the river is like a slow wild horse, and mud and stones flow down with it, especially at the corner, livestock are flooded, houses are destroyed and Tian He is swallowed up.
People can do nothing in the face of natural disasters, so they have to beg for the protection of the dragon god. Therefore, the local people rise to light lanterns to worship the dragon god, hoping that people and animals will prosper every year and crops will be harvested, commonly known as "lighting lamps to keep peace." Because this kind of Han folk activity first arose in the villages along Jiudaowan, it is also called "Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern".
Later, I don't know how many years later, due to crustal movement, the Tailuo River dried up and natural disasters decreased. The religious Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern Festival, originally aimed at seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, has gradually evolved into an entertainment activity. After a year of hard work, people gathered here from all directions to spend a wonderful night holiday and look forward to a long life.
Many legends about the origin of the Jiuqu Yellow River Lantern Festival and their explanations are precisely the accumulation of social life and people's psychology in different historical periods, which jointly endows this long-standing Han folk activity with richer cultural connotation. It shows the superb intelligence and wisdom of the ancient Han working people and their yearning for a better life.
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