What is hyperkalemia?
Potassium is a small molecule water-soluble ion, which plays an important role in maintaining the stress of nerves and muscles and the stability of cell electrical activity. About 90% and 95% of potassium is excreted through the kidneys. When the renal function is damaged and the glomerular filtration rate drops below 15 ml/min, the amount of potassium excreted by the kidney decreases, and too much potassium remains in the blood, resulting in an increase in blood potassium. Normal blood potassium concentration is 3.5 5.5 mmol/L, and hyperkalemia is defined as blood potassium exceeding 5.5 mmol/L. ..
Hyperkalemia is one of the common complications of chronic kidney disease. When the patient's blood potassium rises in the early stage, there are often no symptoms or few symptoms. Rise to a certain extent, suddenly lead to cardiac arrest and death. Therefore, it is a medical emergency and an important cause of death risk of patients with chronic kidney disease.
To prevent hyperkalemia, a low-potassium diet is the top priority!
The daily potassium intake of low potassium diet should be controlled at 1500mg-2000mg. Potassium in food is mostly concentrated in the shell, peel and muscle, which is easily soluble in water. Therefore, the potassium content in flour and rice, peeled fruits and fat meat is lower than that in coarse grains, peeled fruits and lean meat. The potassium content of canned and cooked fruits is lower than that of fresh fruits. Potassium is easily soluble in water, so soup, fruit juice and gravy all contain more potassium.
Patients with chronic kidney disease need to limit their potassium intake when their blood potassium rises or their daily urine output is less than 1000 ml. Tips for limiting potassium:
0 1 Cut vegetables before washing. Soak the green leafy vegetables in clear water for more than half an hour, then blanch them with plenty of boiling water, and then stir-fry them with oil or cold salad to minimize the consumption of lettuce.
Eat less dried fruits and vegetables: such as dehydrated fruits, potato chips, raisins, dried mushrooms and candied fruit.
Drink less soup, especially vegetable soup and broth, and ban bibimbap with broth and gravy to avoid "soup soaking rice".
Try to take flour and rice as the staple food, and choose melons as the vegetables.
Avoid eating grass tea, coffee, sports drinks, chicken essence and preserved food.
Some Chinese herbal medicines have high potassium content and need to be used under the guidance of professional doctors.
Do not eat low-sodium salt, low-sodium soy sauce and salt-free soy sauce with potassium instead of sodium.
Friendly reminder:
The above precautions should always be done well. If hyperkalemia still occurs, please seek medical attention in time to avoid delaying the onset and endangering your life!