Products can be divided into many kinds, including but not limited to electronic products, software, food, jewelry, clothing, machinery, toys and so on.

For general products, it can be divided into the following stages:

1. product planning and demand analysis

2. Feasibility assessment and development plan

3. Design of product scheme framework

4. Detailed design of product scheme

5. Product scheme verification

6. Small batch trial production of products

7. The first trial production of the product

(Highlighting indicates that this stage is more important)

Phase 1: product planning and demand analysis

This stage is a stage that all products should be carried out and completed seriously, and it is an important link to clarify the purpose of product development, unify the team goals and judge whether it can be carried out.

The main tasks are (in no particular order):

1. Determine the market positioning and target consumer groups of the product. In other words, who will buy this product in the future and how to further meet their needs, young people/old people, men/women, enterprises/individuals, and even more targeted groups, are very different.

2. Plan product performance and functional requirements. Performance is the core competitiveness of products, and function is the icing on the cake. Core functions need to be carefully analyzed and planned.

3. Preliminary planning of product cost. Not only the future production cost of products, but also the input cost of R&D needs to be planned, especially the labor and time, outsourcing costs, etc. To estimate the funds that need to be raised or spent and judge whether they can be met.

4. Benchmark analysis of competitive products. Look for similar products in the market, and if so, consider how to compete with existing products and beat them, or how to seize market share; If not, consider how to get customers to accept new products.

Determine the specific requirements of the product. For example, laws and regulations, certification, production license requirements, price requirements, appearance characteristics, dimensions, structural forms, product packaging, materials, etc. that must be met.

The second stage: feasibility assessment and development plan.

Entering this stage is to confirm whether the product can be developed within the planned time and cost.

The main tasks are (in no particular order):

1. Determine the technical feasibility of the product. Professional and technical personnel are needed to evaluate whether the existing technology can meet the needs of product development from a technical point of view, including materials, production technology, spare parts supply, etc.

2. Preliminary estimate the product cost. According to the feasibility analysis of the product, the approximate production cost of the product is estimated from the main components and materials involved, and whether it meets the planning requirements is evaluated.

3. Evaluate product production efficiency and production plan. In the early stage of product development, we should consider whether there is a suitable manufacturer or production line for production. If not, we need to evaluate it carefully.

4. Evaluation of components and materials supply. Whether the parts or materials needed for the product need to be customized or the standard room that is easy to purchase, the supplier's supply capacity and cycle, and even the transportation cycle and cost will directly affect the product development cycle.

5. Assessment of inspection and testing capabilities. How to test the performance and function of the product, especially how to judge whether it meets the mandatory laws and regulations, is also a problem that needs to be considered.

6. Determine the product development cycle and nodes. It is an effective management method to plan the development time nodes, assign the person in charge of each task, and then monitor the progress of the whole project.

The performance, function and cost of a product are always the key points to be weighed and considered in product development. Where to compromise may affect the final effect of the product. )

The third stage: product scheme framework design

After confirming the feasibility of the product scheme, it is necessary to carry out preliminary design and verification of the product. Further confirm the technical feasibility of the product.

The main tasks are:

1. Make an overall product plan.

2. Assemble the key components into the first-generation experimental machine for experiments, and judge whether the key items such as performance and function meet the requirements.

3. According to the relevant test standards, the first generation experimental machine was tested. If it fails, it is necessary to change the scheme and retest until it meets the requirements.

4. According to the test results, determine the overall scheme of the product. Including component selection, structural scheme, electrical scheme, controller scheme, operating software and preliminary determination of packaging scheme.

The fourth stage: detailed design of product scheme.

This stage is the most critical and difficult part in product development and production. All aspects of the implementation plan from the framework to the product will face one test after another, and the plan will be revised and tested again and again.

The main tasks are:

1. Purchase and manufacture corresponding component materials according to the preliminary design scheme, and manufacture or assemble a certain number of relatively complete prototypes.

2. Refer to relevant test standards (national standards, certification standards, internal standards of enterprises, etc.). ), test the first generation experimental machine, detect and judge whether all design indexes meet the design requirements and standard requirements, and make targeted improvements according to the test results until all standard requirements and product development requirements can be met at the same time.

3. According to the test results and improvement scheme, determine the final scheme of each design plate of the product.

The fifth stage: product scheme verification

The purpose of this stage is to finally confirm the scheme and verify whether the product design meets the requirements again.

1. According to the final scheme, simulate the actual production and assemble a certain number of complete prototypes.

2. With reference to the relevant test standards (enterprise standards), conduct a comprehensive test on the experimental machine, and check whether the design indicators meet the design requirements and standards.

3. Comprehensively investigate whether the product scheme meets the demand (all sectors must be qualified).

4. For some products that need certification (such as 3C certification, production license, CE certification, etc.). ), certification needs to prepare relevant materials and procedures.

5. Apply for intellectual property protection such as related patents and software copyrights according to product requirements. Remember to complete the patent application before the product is made public.

The sixth stage: small batch trial production of products.

This stage is to test the production efficiency of products at a lower cost, find the possibility of optimizing production efficiency, investigate the factors that lead to unqualified products in the actual production process, and improve the yield.

1. Using the verified product scheme, a certain number of products are formally produced on the actual production line, and the production efficiency of the products is investigated.

2. With reference to relevant testing standards (enterprise standards), sample the products and analyze whether the qualified rate and qualified rate of the products meet the requirements.

3. According to the problems found, make targeted optimization. If the change is too big, it may be necessary to verify the product scheme again.

The seventh stage: the first trial production of the product

The difference between this stage and small batch trial production is only the difference of product production quantity, which may be ignored in actual product development.

1. After small batch trial production, a certain number of products are formally produced on the actual production line according to the (improved) scheme, and the production efficiency of the products is investigated.

2. With reference to relevant testing standards (enterprise standards), sample the products and analyze whether the qualified rate and qualified rate of the products meet the requirements.

3. According to the problems found, make targeted optimization.

After the above seven stages, and all passed, the product can be formally finalized.

Feedback from subsequent sales and customer use can improve products or develop a new generation of products.

Of course, the above stages are not necessarily carried out step by step in the actual product development process, some stages can be merged or simplified, and some stages can be carried out at the same time. This also depends on the management mode, production scale and actual demand of the development team.

As an experienced person, I suggest that you do more preliminary work in the process of product development, leaving room for improvement in the design, in case the project needs to be revised in the later stage, which will lead to the reinvention of the previous scheme and unnecessary losses.

The above is the general R&D and production process of a product. I hope I can help you.

1 product design: the business model and process of the product should be well designed. If there is a UI, make a UI model first and program the whole product prototype completely.

2 technology selection and architecture design. After the prototype of the product comes out, the technical selection can be carried out, and the most efficient and concise technical scheme can be selected according to the requirements of the product. After the technical selection is completed, the overall architecture design can be carried out. If the product is complex, the detailed design should be carried out in modules after the architecture design, including module function design, business process, interface definition and so on.

3 development and testing stage. After the technical scheme comes out and passes the review, it can be developed according to the design. The details involved in the development process are in conflict or unclear with the design, and the repair scheme can be discussed. After the development is completed, the basic functional units are generally tested first, and the version is submitted for system testing (black box testing) after the unit testing is completed. During testing and development, this version may be rejected and revisited many times.

4 The test has been completed and online. After the product test passes, you can prepare the server for online deployment. Generally deployed by operation and maintenance personnel.

5 product operation. After the product goes online, it will be delivered to the operator for operation.

6 product iteration. In the process of product operation, if there is feedback demand, the product can be iteratively developed and continuously improved.

Internet products, if the demand is determined, are generally like this according to the process of large companies.

First, the product manager draws a prototype according to the requirements.

Second, allocate development resources and coordinate back-end development engineers and front-end development engineers.

Third, minimize the iterative development of operating units, generally in weeks.

Fourth, coordinate the operation and distribution of the machine, and then go online.

Of course, if the demand and project establishment are uncertain, it will take a long time to determine the demand and calculate the investment budget.

If it's early days, you don't have to think so much. You should determine your own direction and find a development. Both the front end and the back end are the best. Just open the code and keep everything simple.

If it's something else, find a foundry, which is usually available. If you set up drawings, people will basically customize them.