Reading package
1. Title &; Main caption
Book title "List Revolution"
Subtitle: How to do things consistently, correctly and safely. Judging from it, it should be a reference book. The four key words to pay attention to are list, continuity, correctness and security. When reading this book, you need to concentrate.
Suggested bookshelf category: management/bestseller. For this kind of books, it is generally not necessary to study hard, but to read quickly.
The author is a reliable person, and the book he wrote should be reliable and worth reading.
preface
I understand that the concept of checklist started from the medical aspect. From the author's personal experience, under the heavy pressure, it is inevitable to miss a step and key problems in the operation and make mistakes. This leads to a self-evident assumption: in a complex social environment, everyone will make mistakes, even super experts. In order to ensure that we can do things consistently, correctly and safely, we need to record some key steps to remind us, that is, lists.
Here, I agree with the author's hypothesis, as people often say: people are not saints, to err is human.
On the whole
My understanding of the overall framework of this book:
concept
principle
Methodology
Extended application
Check the details
The key part is the second part of this book, the list of principles, mainly from four aspects: decentralization, simplification, people-oriented and continuous improvement. The key words involved are decentralization of decision-making, freedom and coordination, simplicity, efficiency and predictability, people are the key, standards, effectiveness and communication.
judge
This book is mainly about lists. If you can understand the meaning of the list, you won't read it in vain. The overall framework is the concept, principle, expansion and interspersed methodology. In my opinion, this book explains it correctly. Because they come from the medical, construction and flight industries, the cost of making mistakes in these industries is very high, often at the expense of life. If they are effective within these ranges, they will also produce better results in our daily life and work. Through these keywords, it can be roughly judged that it is not beyond my personal ability at this stage and belongs to a masterpiece. Just reading is in line with the logic of ideas and methodology on the whole, which helps to improve your understanding and is worth spending time reading.
scan
Through scanning, a preliminary information source is formed: curtain and mind map.
1. concept
Checklist is not a big and comprehensive operation manual, but a tool selected rationally. It has two key points: one is to grasp the key elements; Second, the essential basic elements. From the perspective of correctness and security.
Why is the way to choose a list correct? It is based on a self-evident assumption: in a complex social environment, everyone will make mistakes, even super experts. This list will remind us not to forget some necessary steps and let the operator know what to do. This is not only an inspection method, but also a discipline to ensure high-level performance; The list provides us with a cognitive protection network, which can capture everyone's inherent cognitive defects.
Why is the selection list safe? First, from the classification of mistakes, we are faced with two major mistakes; Ignorance can make mistakes, that is, mistakes are made because there is no relevant knowledge. Science only allows us to partially understand the laws of world operation; (2) You can't make mistakes, that is, you make mistakes not because you don't have the relevant knowledge, but because you don't use it correctly. Ignorant mistakes can be forgiven, and incompetent mistakes cannot be forgiven. The list can effectively help us remember the key steps, clearly list the essential basic steps in the operation process, and avoid incompetent mistakes as much as possible. Secondly, from the classification of lists, there are two types of lists: ① bad lists, vague, inaccurate, lengthy and inconvenient to use; (2) Good list, accurate, efficient, pertinent and easy to use. A good list sets a higher standard for benchmark performance.
My understanding of the list is from two aspects: individual and organization. Generally speaking, this book basically introduces the problem of organizing the production and use of lists. Because objects are different, their definitions should be different. Here, I make a narrow definition of personal list: list is a thinking model of our methods, processes and applications, and a tool to show invisible knowledge. It has the function of timely feedback. By making a personal action list, we can effectively change our behavior and make remarkable progress.
There are three kinds of similar problems we face: simple problems, complex problems and extremely complex problems. Simple questions are similar to cooking a dish according to a recipe; Complex problems are similar to sending rockets to the sky; An extremely complicated problem, like raising a child, is a complex systematic project that cannot be completed by an individual. For organizations, in order to deal with complex and extremely complex problems, we need to build an excellent team, and make a suitable list through mutual consultation and discussion to help us do things more efficiently, correctly and safely. For individuals, we can find out thinking patterns or works from some very awesome or practical books as a list of our code of conduct.
2. Principles
In this part, this book is mainly aimed at institutions. This is also a large part of the reason why some readers say that this book is useless when reading Douban comments. In fact, those readers used the wrong standard: applying personal standards to organizations. The list sets four principles for the organization: decentralization, simplicity first, people-oriented and continuous improvement. We will elaborate from these four aspects respectively.
Transfer/delegate/transfer power to a lower level
First of all, the key factor for the list to play a role is the decentralization of decision-making. Decentralize the decision-making power to the periphery and let everyone shoulder their own responsibilities. Why do you say that? Extremely complex problems are unexpected, and the traditional centralized processing paradigm is not feasible for such problems; Therefore, in the face of extremely complicated problems, top management should delegate power to front-line personnel as much as possible, instead of concentrating everything in their own hands.
Secondly, everyone is the owner and participant of the list. When Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans in 2005, 80% of the city was flooded, and about 50,000 refugees were waiting for rescue. And government organizations are unwilling to decentralize, making the disaster worse. Accordingly, the leadership of Wal-Mart is fully authorized with only one simple instruction:
According to this directive, the managers of Wal-Mart stores try their best to provide services to the affected people according to their own actual situation, such as providing first-aid medicines, setting up service stores, exchanging cash for individuals, setting up temporary clinics, vaccinating, etc. These behaviors have been highly appreciated by people from all walks of life.
Simple first
The formulation of the list should conform to three principles: simplicity, efficiency and predictability.
Simple means easy to implement, not too complicated; Efficient, that is, it can be completed in a short time; Predictable, that is to say, through detection, observation, statistics and other means, you can obviously see the remarkable effect. For example, the means to deal with smallpox is vaccination. 1854 The means to control the source of cholera infection in London is to remove the handle of the wellhead pump to prevent people from drinking contaminated water. These are in line with the principles of simplicity, efficiency and predictability.
How can a temporary team improve cooperation efficiency and work quality? Before starting work, everyone introduces their names and functions to each other. This is an activation phenomenon, that is, before a project starts, people will pay more attention to the problems in the project and give solutions by introducing themselves to others and proposing possible risks, thus effectively promoting teamwork.
people-oriented
Mainly based on * two assumptions:
The protagonist of solving the problem is the person, not the list.
It is people who decide what to do at the critical moment.
When compiling the list, we need to pay attention to six main issues:
① Set clear checkpoints. In other words, the user performs inspection procedures at these nodes according to the items listed in the list.
② Select the appropriate list type. There are two main types of similarity, confirmation type and reading type.
(3) concise, not too long.
④ Used for refinement and accuracy. Language is a professional term familiar to users.
⑤ The layout shall be neat and tidy to avoid clutter.
6. Must accept the test of reality.
Continuous improvement
Continuous improvement is based on the following assumptions:
Method:
① Establish clear test standards. For example, when doing medical reform experiments, the author put forward clear standards:
② The effectiveness of the investigation. After the experimental results of medical reform came out, the author asked and confirmed whether the goal was effective.
③ The improvement of communication quality is the key. Through the later visit and follow-up investigation, it is found that the better the communication quality between hospital teams, the lower the incidence of late complications of patients.
The application in investment field is explained. Firstly, investors are divided into six types: art critics, sponges, prosecutors, pursuers, terminators and captains.
Among many investors, most are art critics and sponges, and people are often controlled by cocaine brains. The cocaine mind, that is, the heart is occupied by desire.
And captain investors will have an investment list to help them make conscious decisions:
People don't like lists because they are afraid that they will become rigid. A well-designed list will help people save their limited brain power, so that your mind will not be occupied by complicated inspection items, but will free up your hands to deal with more difficult problems. With the continuous development of science and technology, the world has become more complicated. Please admit that human beings are imperfect and everyone makes mistakes. In an extremely complicated world, we must change our ideas, because we have no choice. Just like in Inception, changing one's behavior means changing the other's ideas. We are eager for progress. The first step of change is to update our ideas, correctly understand and treat the list, and make the list a booster of our ideas.
List, many of us use it, but we don't call it that. The list of personal use can be extracted from practical books or methods summarized by cattle people. For example, the list of structural thinking power, ① conclusion comes first, ② classification under the upper system, ③ grouping and ④ logical progression. For example, the SMART principle: concrete, measurable, achievable, achievable and time-limited.
Next, I will use this model as a list to illustrate how to use lists.
Tao: list thinking
Skills: work plan, awareness of getting up early, shopping list
Instruments: You can use paper, curtains and impression notes.
Use:
In the face of a complex and changeable world, we will inevitably make mistakes. The list provides us with a cognitive protection network, which can capture everyone's inherent cognitive defects. Really let us do things well continuously, correctly and safely. The first step of change is to update ideas; The first step to update the concept is to accept and practice the concept of list; The first step of growth is from the moment you have a concept!