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In the study of Rudong Fengli Wen Yuan, "Six sons of Wen Yuan" is undoubtedly an unavoidable topic. Why do you say that? Although celebrities later gathered in Wen Yuan, the meeting of literature and wine continued, but its elegant collection began in Wenyuan Liuzi. Among Wen Yuan's many works, the earliest is the poem "Six Sons Singing and Wen Yuan". It can also be considered that it is precisely because of Wen Yuan's shallow singing that the prologue of Wen Yuan's century-old cultural history is self-evident. However, since the Qing Dynasty, people know little about Wen Yuan's Six Sons. Who are they? What kind of people are they? For a long time, some scholars have not given up their research, but they have not gained much.

There is a passage in Qian Zhonglian's Dictionary of China Literature: "Six poets in Wen Yuan and six poets in Rugao, Jiangsu Province were founded in this city. The names of their members can be tested: Wang Zhiheng, Rugao blade master, Jia Jian Wen Yuan, became a famous scholar and gentleman, and became a place where society gathered; Huang Zhen, his name is An Shu. No, shh, no. Shoushi, Rugao Guo Jian diploma, author of Shoushi Banknotes; Li introduced life is unknown, but the rest didn't pass the exam. The works of the social collection are compiled as Selected Poems of Wen Yuan's Six Sons. " Mr. Qian is a great master of contemporary Qing history research. However, he seems to know little about the six scholars in Wen Yuan. His book quoted Wang Yu's Jiangsu Poetry in the Qing Dynasty, in which the 73rd volume said: "Wang Zhiheng is like a Guo Jianzi." Elegant cluster: Puzhuang built a literary garden, which extended to celebrities such as Li and Huang punctuality. The story whispered and was engraved with "Six sons sang poems in." Wang Yu was a native of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, so it can be seen that in his time, information was seriously lacking. Later, in the Dictionary of Celebrities of Past Dynasties compiled by Long Gan 'an, it was not clear that Liuzi was in Wenyuan section. I looked through Rudong county annals, and only the words "six poems by Wen Yuan, written by Wang Zhiheng" were found in the entries. In the annals of Fengli Town, the word "Ping" was added after Wang Zhiheng's name. I can't find any valuable information at all, let alone some other articles.

Isn't there another book, Selected Poems of Wen Yuan's Six Scholars? The ancients were looking for it, and so was I. Later, when I saw a book, I stopped looking for it. In the forty-third year of Qianlong, Xu Shukui's "one-column-building poem case" occurred in Bencha. There are two poems written to Xu Shukui in Poem of One Pillar Building, and Xu Weiwang's A Trip to Qiu Ge is the preface. Therefore, works about Wang Guodong are also banned. Unfortunately, the Selected Poems of Wen Yuan Six Sons was ordered by Wang Guodong. It is clearly written in this book "General Introduction to Forbidden Books in Qing Dynasty": This book was presented by the Governor of Liangjiang River, and it contains the absurd statement of being born and the preface of Wang Guodong, so it should be destroyed. In the forty-ninth year of Qianlong (1784), destruction was prohibited on the fourth day of the first month. In fact, just 3 1 year after The Chorus of Six Sons was published in Wenyuan, this thin collection of poems was destroyed by a raging fire.

No one needs to doubt the ability of the Qing court to ban books. So, we can't get close to the true colors of Wen Yuan's Six Sons any more? Fortunately, not long ago, Mr Cong of Rudong County Library provided me with a piece of information: another preface to the Chorus Poems of Six Sons was written by Jiang Zonghai, a great scholar in the Qing Dynasty, and was discovered by Mr Cong from the art volume of Rugao County Records, which was published in Qianlong. From the collation of Rudong literature and history, it can be said that it is indispensable. He buried himself in poverty all day, consulting and copying all the literature and history materials about Rudong. I often joke that Mr. Cong is like a hardworking farmer. Day after day, he carefully dug up that piece of oriental literature and history, even if it was a little root.

Needless to say, the preciousness of this preface by Jiang Zonghai is reproduced as follows for your reference:

Scholar, Wang, Zhuang Zhiheng's reading room. Yu and Pu Zhuang are old friends and have close contacts. Puzhuang is a good guest, who likes to sing and write poems, but those who can write poems from all directions are reluctant to comment, but there is no such thing as six sons. In winter, I took over Pu Zhuang's calligraphy and advocated a poem volume. Please leave the rest as a preface. There is a Dantu Royal Pavilion in Zhicun, which is located in its garden, and it also recruits Bai Puwu He Lun, Wen Zan of the village, Gu Muyuan and Rugao Huang Shushi as singers. I met Qiao Yue, Guicun, Piaozhuang and Muyuan in Jiazixia, and I was very distressed to read their poems. In February of spring in Chen Wu, I went to Pingshan Hall in Guangling and met Luocun for the first time. Tomorrow, Luocun will cross the river to bid farewell to her poem, and I will give it to her. I haven't seen her for seven years. Shu is Puzhuang's brother-in-law and entertains Beijing. I once read his poem Pu Zhuang to see if he was alone. There is no doubt that he is a sad person like ancient Zhao Yan. The traces of the six sons are like stars, scattered like chess, and suddenly merged outside the cloud tree. You can't combine with Liuzi in the garden, and Liuzi can't combine with Yu in the garden. It is unfortunate to cultivate Yu, and it is also Liu Zi's regret. A husband has six sons, so can a poet. Liuzi's poems are like people. I know Liuzi, and I am attached to the list of people who know poetry. I have occasionally tasted the experience of making friends, elegant as the sum of firewood and moon, elegant and rich in the village. I am simple and energetic in the village, and the luxury of washing stones is also horizontal. Luocun and Muyuan are light, clean and beautiful. Who is tired and fresh? Different temperaments and false ears. Oh! Liu Zi has been away from it ever since. Moreover, he has a lot of books, some of which can't wait to see him in person, and some of which can recite a word with the world for life. Now the six sons are in their prime, separated by several miles, ten miles or a hundred miles, and the distance is only three or four hundred miles. Get the land, get the master, live in harmony with others, respect others and live together. It's different to say that you have seen the world, but the name in the alley is lost. I am poor and old, standing on the cold altar. I have been in Belo Village for a long time and studied with other scholars for two years. Reading is makeup, and I feel happy when I see hunting. In a word, chatting reports the life of Puzhuang Yuner.

Jiang Zonghai (1720 ~ 1796), whose real name is Xing Yan, Chunnong, whose real name is Qiu Lao, is a Dantu in Zhenjiang. In the seventeenth year of Qianlong's reign, he was a scholar, awarded a cabinet letter, entered a military plane, resigned in middle age, and returned to Li. He once gave a lecture in Rugao Luoshui Library. He has been in Wen Yuan, and he should be familiar with Liu Zi in Wen Yuan. However, in his preface, he only made a simple evaluation of Liu Zi's poetic style, and made some records of their friends, but did not describe their life background. This makes future generations always look at the flowers in the fog and the moon in the water. Fortunately, according to some historical materials found on weekdays, we can still draw a deep or shallow outline for them.

Let's talk about Wang Zhiheng, the owner of Wen Yuan. With the deepening of research in recent years, his life experience has become very clear. Wang Zhiheng (17 18 ~ 1766), Chu Bai, No.1 Puzhuang, No.1 porcelain Xiao Haike. Originally from Shexian County, Anhui Province, she moved to Fengli, the fifth generation. Wang has been managing salt industry for generations, with rich family wealth and abundant capital. Wang Zhiheng was smart and studious since childhood, and he was proficient in poetry, calligraphy and painting. He was unable to take part in the imperial examination because of his weakness, so he donated an alternate road. However, he is not enthusiastic about it. The Qing court granted him a real post, but he didn't go to his post. Wang Zhiheng was charitable and enthusiastic about public welfare, and was named Senior Minister of the Cabinet by the Qing government. He traveled all over the world, enjoyed the interest of mountains and forests, and had a unique understanding of the construction of gardens and forests. His ancestors bought Bie Ye Wen Yuan, a rich scholar of Zhang Zuozhong during the reign of Kangxi. After several generations of operation, it has begun to take shape. In his hands, he spent a lot of money to hire famous teachers to expand and become a unique garden in Jianghuai. He is elegant and easy-going and likes to make friends with celebrities all over the world. Celebrities such as Huang Shen, Jin Nong, Li Yi, Yuan Mei, Qin, etc. all have a deep relationship with him, and he often attends writing cocktail parties, leaving many treasures of poetry and calligraphy that can be told. In addition to Wu Jiachun's Poems, Wen Yuan Ji and other works, he also collected poems, collected them from the countryside, compiled them into 48 volumes of Gao Dong Poems, and published them in the thirty-first year of Qianlong. This book was included in the Siku Quanshu edited by Ji Xiaolan. He has made great contributions to the preservation of literati poems since the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Wang's genealogy praised his life: pursuing the frontier, living far away, accepting celebrities and being generous.

Except Li Yu. Li Yu (17 12 ~ 1790), whose real name is Fu Qin, whose real name is Luocun, whose real name is Xiao Huashan in the evening, whose real name is Xiao Hua Qiao Chang, and whose real name is Zhenjiang Dantu. He is lonely and pure, and hates the present era. He has a wide range of friends, especially Huang Shen and Zheng Banqiao. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, he went to Beijing at the invitation of Wang Wenzhi. Celebrities such as Chiang Kai-shek, Bi Yuan, Jiang Shiquan,, etc. admired his poems and raised money to give him a Guo Jian Zi, urging him to take Gao Kui after having obtained the provincial examination in Shuntian, but he still came last. And he himself left Beijing to visit Shanxi after leaving. After returning from Shanxi, his family was poor and he often lived in a monk temple in his later years. His poems are fresh and elegant, with natural beauty. When I was young, I became famous for reciting the bergamot's "returning home empty-handed". The songs of Ryukyu Knife, Late Chrysanthemum, Chen Jialing's Ci Picture, and Red Bean Tree Song in Furong Mountain Villa produced in Beijing are all temporary masterpieces. Existing works include Ba Ge Xing Cao, Notes on Drunk Nights, Northern Expedition, Lilac Collection, Lilac Pavilion Legacy Collection, Hengshan Lue, Ba Poetry Collection, etc. Xu Shichang said in "Poems of the Late Qing Dynasty": "(Luocun) was quite conceited about his poems and tried to ask Wuyi to choose calligraphy to reduce stones. The poems are all thirteen, which are combined into one set, and the banknotes are circulated, which is quite valued by his fellow villagers. " The Records of Dantu County in the Republic of China recorded: "There are two volumes, The Collection of Little Flowers and Qiao Shan, Traveling to the North for Night Money, and Huairen Jueju, which have not been handed down to the world, leaving many poems." Li Yusheng, who seemed conceited, was famous before his death, but he was lonely after his death. Later, he even fell to the point where Mr. Qian Zhonglian didn't take the exam, which was one of those unfortunate people.

Followed by Huang Zhen (1724 ~ 1773), the word An Shu,No. Shushi,No. Zuoshoushi,No. Chaiwan village farmers. Rugao Chaiwan people, the son of Huang Yuancan, are cousins with Huang Chuqiao, a seal engraver of the seal engraving school. Guangxu's "Tongzhou Zhili Prefecture Records" said that he: "Inspire the strange spirit, build a sunset pavilion, gather guests to put out love poems and wine, and be as generous and sad as a scholar between Yan and Zhao." He is Wang Zhiheng's wife and brother and has lived in Wen Yuan for more than 20 years. He helped Wang Zhiheng compile "Gao Dong Shi Cun" and collected Wang Zhiheng's poems. In fact, he is very talented himself. Ke Yuchun's "Summary of Poems and Songs of the Qing Dynasty" describes his works in detail: "Ten volumes of thin stone manuscripts are poems and songs, and the first seven volumes are divided into northern expedition poems, poems of broken mirrors in Shijingshan Mountain House, poems of autumn moon in the river, poems of parasitic thatched cottage and poems of modern times", with more than 880 poems and more than 20 words, mixed with fu and parallel prose. Twenty-four coastal bamboo branches are recorded in Coastal Scenery of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In addition, he himself is an excellent dramatist, and his work The Legend of Pomegranate has been mentioned in the History of Ancient Chinese Literature and Textual Research on China Ancient Opera Prints. The book 1999 Guardian Autumn Auction was sold for 14300 yuan.

It is worth mentioning that Huang Zhen has a close friendship with Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics. Luo Pin once painted his portrait, and Huang Shen's inkstone painting and 26 artificial poems by Zheng Banqiao and Jinnong are now in the Palace Museum, becoming masterpieces of China's ancient calligraphy and painting.

Of his six sons, only Gu is famous. In the twenty-fifth year of Qianlong, he was promoted, and in the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, he was a scholar. He is the magistrate of Xiangyang, Hanyang District, Hubei Province. He was born in Baipu, Rugao, and recorded in Baipu Town Records compiled by Taoist Yao in Qing Dynasty: "Gu, whose real name is Muyuan, whose real name is Muyuan, whose real name is Shayuan, was a scholar in Xin Si, and was awarded Pingnan County, Guangxi, and returned to his hometown sadly. Make up the order of Macheng in Hubei and promote Sima in Hankou Town. The calendar department Yunyang, Anlu satrap. Good at listening and judging. If in doubt, the prison will make a decision and the case will take several years. Integrity, no door. In my spare time, I collect celebrities to rhyme and write poems. Calligraphy is a kind of wealth for those who get its ink. The teacher is the root of the text. Child, Jincheng, inspection; Today, discipline. "

Gu and Yuan Mei made good friends. Yuan Mei's Poems with the Garden: "I spent the winter in Yangzhou (twenty-four years after Qianlong's reign), and I saw a collection of poems about Pingshan written by my favorite pupil, Liu Yi. There were more than ten authors, all of whom paid attention to the rhyme of" swastika ".I only appreciated Gu Xiucai's sentence that" the sound outside the building suddenly rushed to the temple, and he was seriously injured and avoided swastika ". After the official arrived in Hubei, he built bamboo in Rugao Baipu. After living in his house, the owner felt the bosom friend twenty years ago, and gladly accepted the money, gave a water window banquet and showed off new poems. " About Yuan Mei's trip to Baipu, there is a detailed record in the "Baipu Town Records": "(Yuan Mei) came to visit Pushang in central China and stayed in Sima North Park, an ancient sand garden. At that time, there were many followers. He praised Gu for being able to distinguish himself from others, and Gu said,' Let's do this job well, and let men and cold scientists offer their skills and give it a try. If they can tell, they will believe that Yiya will be resurrected. With Yuan's permission, Qian was asked to pay for food, and pointed out that so-and-so likes to eat the Far East, and so-and-so likes to eat the Far East. I finally called the master and asked, but I didn't expect it. Yuan Xiao said, "Stealing the sound of the air is not limited to its taste, but its goodness is so elegant and loving.". ""As you can see from the above, it is elegant and beautiful to treat people as people. His brother Gu Yun (Beishu) is also famous.

About Wu Helun and Liu, they have the least information among the six sons. Both of them are from Rugao Baipu. Fortunately, Yao's "Baipu Town Records" also left some traces for us: "Wu Helun, whose word is strict, is the extension of his life. Bo Gu's poems are exquisite. You Ziting Cui, Cui Zishi trained, flooded history, entered the ancient religion as a text, and published sage books one after another, all of which achieved Lun Yun and Gai Yuanyun. " "Liu Wenxuan, whose real name is Xiangyun, is a liberal arts student and a poet. He is also a poet in Gu Feng Wang Bi Garden, ranking sixth, now known as Liu Liu, that is, Liu Ye, the dream of Tang Dynasty. " "Gao Dong Shi Cun" was engraved in the thirty-first year of Qianlong, including his poems, so we know that he died before.

As for Wu Helun's poems, I haven't read them. There are more than 30 poems written by Liu Wenxuan today, and I choose Wen Yuan as one of them to get a glimpse of his poetic style: "Come as a fairy view, green water and Zhu Xia look in the mirror. There is no heat in June, and there is an obvious joy in playing the moon for three nights. Long pines are scattered, sparse bamboo is rustling and cold. Since the host is elegant, it is easy for the guests to widen the cup. "

There is no doubt that Liu Wenxuan's poems are quite well written. However, what interests us more is that from this poem, it seems that we can see the grand occasion of Yaji Garden at that time: in the picturesque garden, a group of talented young Toshihiko drank wine and wrote poems all day, and all the guests with beautiful scenery would have poems. They play chess, bamboo and silk, or have fun, think, drink and write. We can also see from Huang Shen's poems that he stayed in Wenyu Garden at that time: "There are no vulgar guests in the study, and the Luoshu group has been fishing and hunting through the ages"; "Master only drinks blue bottles, so why didn't Lanting repair it at first?" Such a scene makes us look forward to future generations.

In fact, Wen Yuan's elegant collection at that time was not just the six sons of Wen Yuan. Also, Zhong Heqing, Jiang, Jiang Dajian, Liu, Yi Zhu, Guan Tao and others. Their activities are not limited to Wenyuan Garden, but also include Fenglishen Silver Garden, Yuxiang Temple in Rugao and Pingshan Hall in Yangzhou.

According to Jiang Zonghai's Preface, the gathering of Liuzi started at least from the ninth year of Jiazi's summer, that is, Qianlong to Dong (the eighteenth year of Qianlong), and their gathering was quite frequent. On the edge of Shi Cun in Gaodong, Wang Zhiheng has many poems that are in harmony with various schools. But after that, their activities are relatively less. This may be related to the spread of Wang Zhiheng, Huang Zhen and Li Yuyuan's trip to Beijing and their involvement in official affairs, or it may be because we have limited information.

However, the formation of the Six Poets' Association in Wen Yuan laid the strongest foundation for many cultural activities in Wen Yuan, and it was in their affectionate singing that Wen Yuan really entered a glorious period. Their elegant collection not only records the history of Wen Yuan, but also records the cultural history of Jianghai Plain.