Wujiang River is the largest river in Guizhou Province and a tributary of the right bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which was called Qianjiang River in ancient times. Originated in Huayu Cave, Xianglushan, Weining County, Guizhou Province, it flows through Youyang, northern Guizhou and Pengshui in southeastern Chongqing, and flows into the Yangtze River in Fuling, Chongqing.

The main stream of Wujiang River has a total length of1.037km, with a drainage area of 87,900km2. Liuchong River is upstream above confluence, middle reaches after confluence to Sinan, and downstream below Sinan. The larger tributaries are Liuchong River, maotiaohe River, Qingshui River, Xiangjiang River, Hongdu River, Furong River and Tangyan River, with a natural drop of 2123.5m and an average annual flow of1650m3 per second. The average annual runoff of the basin is 600 mm deep, but it is unevenly distributed during the year, and the flood season from May to September accounts for 80% of the annual runoff. Wujiang river system is feather-shaped, with high terrain in the southwest and low terrain in the northeast. Due to the great difference in topography and strong cutting, the vertical change of natural landscape is obvious. It is famous for its fast-flowing water, narrow beaches and narrow valleys, and is known as a "natural barrier".

Wujiang River, known as Qujiang from pre-Qin to Tang Dynasty (Guizhou is an ancient country in pre-Qin period), is also known as Neijiang, Fuling and Yanshui rivers. Guizhou Middle Road was established in the Tang Dynasty, so it was also called Qianjiang in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

The Yuan Dynasty was first called Wujiang River. When the Mongols went south, they recorded the names of various places in Mongolian and transliterated them into Chinese characters, which led to many fallacies, such as recording Jones, a river in Hebei, as a "four songs" (because the local Bashu language had a nasal tail falling off). Wujiang was also named at this time.