First, Zhou Qin and Han Dynasties?

1, Zhou dynasty?

During the Zhou Dynasty, the son of heaven was king and his wife was queen. ?

The king has a queen, three wives, nine wives, twenty-seven wives and eighty-one women. ?

After his reign, he was the same king; ?

The lady sat at the ceremony; ?

Nine wives teach four virtues; ?

Women in the world are the main mourners, victims and guests; ?

The female royalty is in Wang Zhiyan's bed. ?

2. Qin dynasty?

Qin Shihuang unified the world and created the titles of emperor and queen. ?

Empress Dowager Cixi is called Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager Cixi is called Empress Dowager, and Empress (wife) is called Empress. All concubines are called ladies. ?

3. Western Han Dynasty?

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, it followed the title of "mother" in the Qin Dynasty. Also set up the title of beauty, lover, eight sons, seven sons, long ambassador, small ambassador and other concubines. ?

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Jieyu, Hubei, Hua and Chongyi were added. ?

By the time of Emperor Han Yuan, Zhao Yi was newly dressed. ?

The level of concubines has been expanded to fourteen. And each has a title:?

Zhao Yi is the prime minister, and the title is inferior to that of a vassal. ?

Jieyu regards Shang Qing, and Shang Qing wins the battle. ?

She sees two thousand stones in her eyes, which is better than Shanhaiguan. ?

Luo Hua Shi is really 2000 stone, which is bigger than the big one. ?

Beauty sees two thousand stones, less is better than more. ?

Eight children saw a thousand stones, more than the middle. ?

Looking at a thousand stones is more important than looking at the left. ?

Seven sons see eight hundred stones, which is longer than the right. ?

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, longer than Zuo Shu. ?

A dragon messenger looks at 600 stones, which is more than five doctors. ?

Rely less on 400 stones and more on the masses. ?

Five senses see three hundred stones. ?

Shunchang saw 200 stones. ?

Without Juan Juan, the Republic, entertainment, forest protection, and good ambassadors, people look at stones at night. ?

Upper-class and middle-class families depend on food and salary. ?

Under the five senses, he was buried outside Sima Gate. ?

In the Han dynasty, only the empress of the first dynasty could be honored as the empress dowager. If the heir emperor was born by a concubine or adopted from the royal family, his biological mother may not be called the Empress Dowager. But there are some exceptions. For example, Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty was adopted by the son of a warlord, his grandmother was honored as the empress dowager, and his biological mother was honored as the empress dowager. In addition, Wang He, the mother of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty who was honored as the Empress Dowager, and Empress Dowager Zhao also became the Empress Dowager. There were four wonders in the palace at that time. ?

4. Wang Mang's new dynasty?

During Wang Mang's new dynasty, various names emerged one after another in pursuit of retro. He gave up the title of concubines in the Han Dynasty, imitated the pre-Qin period, and created four titles: harmony, concubines, beauty and royal. ?

Three, nine, twenty-seven and eighty-one. ?

5. Eastern Han Dynasty?

After the founding of New China, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty simplified red tape, and concubines had four titles: imperial concubine, beauty, imperial secretary and vegetable girl. ?

Noble people give gold seals and purple ribbons, and their salaries are dozens of millet. Beauty, imperial secretary, vegetable girl, no title, no salary. ?

It is worth mentioning that in the Western Han Dynasty, after the emperor's wife became king, his mother became the queen mother. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the decrease of fiefs of princes, the queen was renamed princess and the queen mother was renamed king. ?

In the Han Dynasty, princes' wives and concubines were divided into three classes. The wives were called concubines, and the concubines were called obedient girls and obedient children. ?

Second, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties?

1, Three Kingdoms?

(1) Wei?

When Cao Cao was Wang Wei, there were five titles of concubines under the empress: Madam, Zhao Yi and Xu? (4) Hey? ⒚ Shu Lang?

Wendy Cao Pi added five categories: Guidi, Shuyuan, Xiurong, Shuncheng and Lover. ?

Ming Di Cao promoted Shu Fei, Zhao Hua and Yixiu to third class, and abolished the title of Shuncheng. ?

Title of concubines:?

Your wife, your wife, the queen of rank, your title ignores you; ?

Shu Fei's status depends on the country, and he wins the princes; ?

Shu Yuan is an ancient literati, and the cliff is a county official; ?

Hou of Zhaoyi County; ?

Zhaohuabi Township Hou; ?

Repair capacity is not as good as pavilion; ?

A break is better than Shanhaiguan pass; ?

Hey? Unloading the sea again?

Hua Rong regards two thousand stones as true; ?

Beauty sees two thousand stones; ?

Love is blind. ?

② Wu Shu?

The historical materials of Wu and Shu are unknown. ?

Shu has nobles and Zhao Yi, Wu has ladies and beauties, and the rest are unknown. ?

2. Jin dynasty?

The level of concubines in the Jin Dynasty was slightly modified by Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, according to the Han and Wei systems. ?

Set up three wives: your wife, your wife and your guest. Position is three. ?

Nine wives: Shu Fei, Shu Yuan, Yi Shu, Xiuhua, Xiurong, Yixiu, Jie Yu, Hua Rong and Zhong Hua. See Jiuqing. ?

The rest is: beauty, talent, talent. I feel that I am under a thousand stones. ?

3. Southern and Northern Dynasties?

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the appellation of concubines increased. ?

(1) Southern Dynasties?

(1) Song?

At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the titles of talents and middle-level talents were abolished, and the rest still used the Jin system. ?

In the third year of filial piety, Liang Wudi abolished the title of lady and created a new title of imperial concubine, with three wives: imperial concubine, imperial concubine and noble person. Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong and Zhao Hua replaced the cultivation, manners and tolerance in Nine Wives, and re-established their talents and clothes. The imperial concubine is better than the prime minister, and the nobles are better than the three divisions (Sima, Situ and Sikong). ?

In the second year of Taishigong, he abolished the titles of,, Ren and Fu Yi, and re-established the cultivation of China, courtesy, tolerance, talent and love. In the third year of Taishi, the nobles were abolished and replaced by newly established nobles; Zhao Hua was arranged again, and Rong Shu, Cheng Hui and Lierong were added. ?

What is the level of concubines?

Three wives: imperial concubine, imperial concubine and imperial concubine. ?

Nine wives: Shuyuan, Yi Shu, Rong Shu, Zhao Hua, Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong, Xiuhua, Yixiu and Xiurong. ?

Titles next to 1997: Jieyu, Ronghua, Zhong Hua, Cheng Hui and Lierong. ?

Sanwu: beauty, talent, lover. ?

Qi?

In the first year of Jianyuan, the King of Qi established three ladies, namely, the imperial concubine, the imperial concubine and the nobles, and nine ladies, namely, Xiuhua, Yixiu, Shu Fei, Shu Yuan, Yi Shu, Jie Yu, Hua Rong and Zhong Hua. Beauty, China and talent are separated from their posts. ?

In the first year of Yongming, the title of wife was abolished, and the imperial concubine, Shu concubine and your wife were the three wives. Because one of his nine wives was missing, Yongming lived for seven years and added Zhao Rong. ?

Princes will be divided into three categories: Emperor Liang, Lin Bao and gifted scholars. A good emperor is better than the founding of the people's Republic of China, better than five waiting times, and talents are better than Xu. ?

Liang?

Three wives: imperial concubine, imperial concubine and imperial concubine. ?

Nine wives: Shuyuan, Yi Shu, Rong Shu, Zhao Hua, Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong, Xiuhua, Yixiu and Xiurong. ?

The following nine titles: Jieyu, Ronghua, Zhong Hua, Cheng Hui and Lierong. ?

Others are: beautiful women, talented people and lovers. ?

Liang Di and Lin Bao. ?

Chen followed Liang Tie away. ?

(4) Northern Dynasties?

(1) Northern Wei, Eastern Wei and Western Wei?

The titles of concubines are left and right Zhao Yi, Sanfu, Jiufu (upper three concubines, lower six concubines), master and imperial daughter. ?

About Zhao Yi position by Sima, three ladies by Sangong, three wives by Sanqing, six wives by Liu Qing, women in the world by traditional Chinese medicine, imperial women by Yuan. ?

Later, a female officer was set up to take charge of internal affairs. Home affairs are like ministers and servants. ?

Two products: secretary, supervisor and waitress. ?

Three products: supervisor, female shangshu, beauty, female history, female sage, female calligraphy history, book girl, little book girl. ?

Four products: Chinese talents, for the people, Chinese messengers, female talents and courtiers. ?

Five products: Tsing Yi, female wine, female food, female food and female slave. ?

Beiqi?

The titles of concubines of Emperor Wenxuan and Emperor Xiao Zhao are only Lady, Concubine and Imperial Concubine. ?

Wu Chengdi is a womanizer. She has many concubines. During the Qinghe period, according to the ancient system, there were three wives, nine wives, twenty-seven wives and eighty-one royal daughters. The titles of concubines are:?

About Zhao Yi, than the prime minister. ?

The third lady: Hongde, Zhengde and Chongde. It's past three o'clock. ?

Nine wives: upper wives: Guangming, Zhao Xun and Long Hui. Than three clear. Next: Xuan Hui, Ning Hui, Xuan Ming, Shun Hua, Ning Hua, Guang Xun. Bi Liu Qing. ?

The 27th wife: Hua Zheng, Ling Bian, Xiu Xun, Yao Yi, Shu Ming, Fang Hua, Jingwan, Zhao Hua, Zheng Guang, Zhao Ning, Zhen Fan, Honghui, He De, Hongyi, Guang Mao, Mingxin, Jing Xun, Yao De, Guang Xun, Hui Fan, Jing Xun and Fang Yi. Compare three products. ?

Eighty-one imperial daughters: Mu Guang, Mao De, Yizhen, Yao Guang, Zhenning, Guang Fan, Ling Yi, Neifan, Gui Mu, Wan De, Ming Wan, Yan Wan, Miao Fan, Zhang Hui, Mao Jing, Su Jing, Zhang Qiong, Hua Mu, Shen Yi, Miao Yi, Ming Yi, Chongming, Li Ze, Wan Yi and Wang Yi. Sung Hoon, Run Yi, Ning Xun, Yi Shu, Rouze, Mu Yi, Li Xiu, Zhao Shen, Jeong Won, Su Gui, Jing Shun, Ruan Hua, Zhao Shun, Jingning, Ming Xun, Hongyi, Zun, Xiu Jing, Cheng Xian, Zhao Rong, Li Yi, Xian Hua, Sirou, Yuan Guang, Huaide and Liang Yuan. Compare four products. ?

Scattered numbers: talented people pick women. ?

Later, after the second one, the number of concubines doubled. He also placed the left and right Hubei and Britain, and compared with the left and right prime ministers, Zhao Yi was reduced to the second doctor. Soon after, Shu Fei was placed alone, compared with Guo Xiang. ?

Historical materials of Northern Zhou Dynasty are unknown. ?

In folklore, when it comes to the emperor's family life, it is often said that there are seventy-two concubines in three palaces and six hospitals, or three thousand powders. In short, the emperor has many concubines. These statements naturally have some truth. The emperor is the supreme ruler of feudal society and has supreme authority, which is manifested in all aspects, and the arbitrary possession of the opposite sex is a manifestation of this authority. In order to satisfy the emperor's endless selfish desires, at the same time, for the sake of many children and easy selection of the heir to the throne, the concubine system beneficial to feudal rule was gradually established and improved. ?

According to the Book of Rites, the system of the Zhou Dynasty was that the emperor set up a queen, three concubines, nine concubines, twenty-seven concubines and eighty-one concubines. This shows that as early as the Zhou Dynasty, the emperor's wives and concubines were called wives, concubines, vulgar wives and imperial wives, and the number of wives and concubines was quite amazing, which set a bad example for later emperors. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, governors from all walks of life became kings in succession. They all call themselves emperors, so it is natural to emulate the emperors in the empresses system. In fact, the number of their opposite sex has already exceeded that of Zhou. Mencius said that adults at that time "waited on hundreds of concubines", and Guan Zi said that "there were thousands of concubines in Qi Xianggong". After Qin and Han Dynasties, except for Empresses (except the phenomenon of a certain dynasty merging), the general trend was that the level of concubines increased and the number of maids increased. After Qin unified the six countries, the emperor was changed to the emperor, and all the maids in the six countries enriched the harem, and the wife was called the queen. In addition to the empress, Qin Shihuang divided concubines into seven grades: wife, beauty, lover, eight sons, seven sons, long ambassador and little ambassador. And thousands of ladies-in-waiting. ?

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, because Liu Bang was born in the folk, he did not attach importance to the royal etiquette system, and there was no certain system in the harem. When he arrived at Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he was overjoyed and pursued sensory enjoyment.

Except the queen, the number of concubines increased to 14. They are: Zhao Yi, Jieyu, Moth, Ronghua, Yiman, Beauty, Lover, Eight Children, Seven Children, Big Ambassador, Little Ambassador, Facial Features, Shunchang, and many 14th grade names, such as Dance Wei, Entertainment Ling, etc. In addition, there are so-called "families" and "waiting for the court", which number thousands. Their status is low, and they always have to sacrifice their bodies for the emperor's spoil. If you have children, your status can rise. If you are lucky enough to be favored by the emperor, you can also be promoted to a formal concubine. They are a bit like Pinger in A Dream of Red Mansions. Suppose she is a girl and has the title of concubine. Let's just say that she is a formal concubine, unlike Aunt Zhao. When Wang Mang was restructured, the number of concubines and concubines was set at 120. Later generations took this as a common practice for concubines. Guangwu Zhongxing, harem title only queen, noble, beauty and so on. Simplify the disadvantages of too many levels of harem in the previous generation. Empresses and concubines in the later Han Dynasty were more polite and law-abiding, and rarely lost their virtue. ?

During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei was under the queen, and concubines were divided into five grades. By the first year of Taihe (AD 277), it had increased to the twelfth grade. After the Emperor Wu of Jin destroyed Wu, thousands of people in Sun Hao's harem and tens of thousands of people took it for themselves. ?

Emperor Daowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty began to set up middle officials, and the rest of the concubines were called wives, but there was no fixed number. Filial piety reform, restore the ancient establishment 120 people. After that, there was no big change until the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Of course, whether it is the Northern Wei Dynasty or the Sui and Tang Dynasties, this is only a nominal provision, and its actual figures are far more than that. It is worth mentioning that Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty. After he unified the country, he was afraid of his wife's lonely queen and was afraid to recruit new lovers. He became the only feudal emperor who remained monogamous and had no concubines. After the death of Queen Dugu, he dared to add something to China and accept his love. His son Yang-ti rebelled against his father's style, pursued lewd enjoyment, expanded his harem, and lived a decadent life, no less than that of Emperor Wu. In the early Tang Dynasty, 6,000 beautiful women in the Sui harem were dismissed twice, and it is conceivable how debauched Emperor Yang was. ?

In the Tang dynasty, under the queen, the imperial concubine, the Shu princess, the De princess and the Xian princess were concubines. Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong, Zhao Yuan, Yixiu, Xiurong, Xiu Yuan, Fu Yi, Fu Rong and Fu Yuan are nine wives. There are also names such as Jieyu, Beauty, Wit, Lin Bao, Imperial Daughter and Vegetable Daughter, with a total of 108. One, two, a total of one person. During the reign of Xuanzong, the number of maids increased to 3000. Bai Juyi's poem "There are other ladies in his court, three thousand rare beauties" is not boasting. In the first year of Su Zong Baoying (AD 762), 3,000 empresses were released, which proved to be true. ?

The Song Dynasty was similar to the Tang Dynasty. In addition to being noble, virtuous and virtuous, the title of princess has been added with Chen Fei. There were many concubines in Liao Dynasty and twelve concubines in Jin Dynasty. ?

In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang had too many ladies in the harem in the past dynasties, which was out of order and involved in political affairs, leading to endless troubles. It stipulates the customization and access system of the six palaces. But it didn't help. Emperor Jiajing chose nine famous concubines to enter the palace at one time, and many others were nameless. The titles of concubines in Ming Dynasty were Xian, Shu, Jing, Hui, Shun, Kang, Ning and Zhao. Among all the concubines, the imperial concubine is the tallest, second only to the queen, and the imperial concubine is the third. Imperial secretary's address includes imperial secretary, waiter, talented person, wife and so on. By the end of the Ming dynasty, politics was more corrupt, with as many as 9000 maids. ?

After Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the imperial system was fully prepared and the number of harems was strictly customized. The emperor's wife is called the queen. She is located in the center of the palace and is responsible for internal governance. The following are one concubine, two concubines and six concubines, who are the twelve officials of the East and West, respectively, to assist the Queen in managing the internal affairs. There are also three levels below: noble, frequent visitor and infinite, all of which have no quota. They live in the East and West Palace and practice their internal skills diligently.