Second, seedlings 1. Seedbed layout. The seeds of Andrographis paniculata are small (1000-grain weight is 1.36— 1.46 g), so the germination needs warmth and humidity. The seedbed should be sandy loam near the water source. Put 2,000 kilograms of manure every 667 square meters, turn it over for 3-4 times, and level the boundary with a width of 100- 130cm. The clods on the side are thin and loose, and the whole seedbed is actually very sparse. 2. Seed treatment. There is a waxy layer on the surface of andrographis paniculata seeds, and the seed coat is hard and has poor permeability. Soak the seeds in warm water: soak the seeds in warm water at 45-55℃ for 24 hours, take them out and spread them out, cover them with wet gauze to keep them moist, and rinse them with water 1-2 times a day. If the room temperature is 23-30℃, a small amount of seeds will germinate after 4 days, and you can sow at this time. Scraping the seed coat: mix the seeds with fine sand, put them on the cement floor, and gently rub them with bricks until the seed coat loses its luster and the waxy layer is partially worn. Don't rub too much to avoid damaging the seeds. 3. sow seeds. The sowing date is mainly spring sowing. Sowing in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian from late February to mid-March. In mountainous areas with high altitude and low temperature or Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, seedlings are raised in greenhouses from late March to early April as seeds for storage; As a commodity, it should be sown before early May, otherwise the growth period will be short and the yield will be low. For drill sowing with a spacing of 33 cm, evenly sow seeds in the ditch, cover them with fine fat soil, and then cover the soil surface with plastic film to improve the ground temperature. If possible, a double-layer film can be used. The first floor is paved, and the second floor is arched, with a height of 33 cm from the ground. The seed consumption per 667 square meters is 0.75 kg.
Three, seedling management 1. Strictly control the temperature and humidity of seedbed. Before emergence, the ground temperature should be kept above 25℃, and the minimum should not be lower than 20℃; The air temperature in the membrane is kept at 30-45℃. The soil is kept moist, and the relative humidity of air in the film is above 85%. When there are three real leaves, remove the flat membrane and use only the arcuate membrane. The temperature of small air in the membrane should be controlled at 28-35℃ and should not exceed 40℃. If the water is insufficient, furrow irrigation should be used to wet the border surface to prevent seedlings from burning and roots from rotting at high temperature. Uncover the film for ventilation at ordinary times, cover the seedlings in the morning and evening on windless sunny days, and uncover the film at noon. 2. Top dressing in time. Be diligent and generous. When the seedlings grow two pairs of true leaves, extract the seedlings with 500 times urea solution or diluted human feces. Rinse the seedlings with clear water after fertilization to prevent them from burning to death. 3. Pay attention to irrigation. In case of low temperature and dry soil after sowing, it must be watered to facilitate germination. Fourth, colonization 1. Land selection and land preparation. Deep and fertile sandy soil near the water source is the best. Before transplanting, plough deeply and rake carefully, with the width of the border 100- 130 cm and the height 10 cm. If the soil is too wet, you can make the border 16- 17 cm high. 2. Planting. Seedling height 10 cm, more than 6 true leaves can be transplanted and planted. In late May, not later than early June, the land will be reserved for planting. In places with abundant sunshine, fertile soil and close to water sources, the row spacing and plant spacing of early transplanting are 33 cm; If the soil quality is poor or the water source is insufficient, the transplanting is late, the row spacing is 25 cm and the plant spacing is 20 cm; The row spacing of the field is 50 cm and the plant spacing is 33 cm. Transplanting should be done in the evening or cloudy day with soil. Cotyledons should not be buried in the soil or kneaded into mud balls. The main diseases of andrographis paniculata are damping off, damping off, Fusarium wilt and black stem disease. The main pests are crickets and cutworms, so we should pay attention to prevention and control.