Weaning needs to be done slowly, and the healthy growth of the baby needs various nutritional supplements. Therefore, it is an inevitable process to gradually add complementary food until a smooth transition to normal ordinary food. However, in grasping the timing of weaning, young mothers tend to be eager to wean, which in turn leads to a sharp drop in the baby's appetite. We know that babies have a keen sense of taste and are very picky about their diet, especially those who are used to breastfeeding, and often refuse the temptation of other milk. Therefore, the baby's weaning should be gradually reduced as far as possible. Even at the age of weaning, it is necessary to create a gradual adaptation process for him, and it must not be forced. The correct way is to extend the weaning time appropriately, reduce the feeding times appropriately, and gradually increase the variety and quantity of complementary food. As long as the young mother properly adjusts the baby's feeding, I believe that the baby can successfully survive the "weaning" difficulty.
If breast milk is really insufficient, add milk powder to every meal to ensure that the baby is full. Specifically, if the last meal is breast milk, the interval is 3 hours, the milk powder is 4 hours, and the mixed feeding is 3.5 hours. You starve him at the first meal, wait for about 4 hours, and pour more milk powder to see how much he can eat. This is his daily milk quantity. Suppose your baby's daily milk quantity is 120ml. After you have cleaned your hands and nipples, squeeze out all the milk from both breasts in turn. If the breast milk is insufficient, it is less than 120ml, depending on how much is still missing. When your breasts are almost sucked, immediately make up the difference with formula milk powder until the baby is full and push the nipples away. That's enough. Wait 3.5 hours before feeding him. Don't give him food even if he cries before the time. Because he is not really hungry, just a child's appetite. If he wants nipples in his mouth, he will be comfortable and satisfied, not really want to eat. You can also take him for a walk outdoors to distract him and he will forget to quarrel. Breast milk is the most natural and does not conflict with any formula (unlike between two formulas). Even the formula can be washed in the extruded breast milk. It takes time to breast-feed your baby, and you can gain weight by feeding it enough at one time.
The daily diet of lactating mothers should include the following nutrients:
● Lots of vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables like cabbage and headless cabbage;
● Fresh fruit;
● Beans, peas and beans. These vegetables contain vitamins, a lot of calcium and a little fat;
● Grains preserved by bran.
Another reason why we should get nutrition from plants is that animals often deposit pesticides and other chemicals in their milk and meat. This is especially true for fish. Therefore, chemicals can be detected in all meats. If the lactating mother eats these foods, trace chemicals in them will enter the milk. Although vegetables do not grow naturally, they are less polluted. In addition, it is also a good idea to ask a doctor to prescribe and prepare multivitamins. However, without the doctor's consent, you must never take more vitamins than the dose he prescribed for you.
Exercise when necessary is the best way to strengthen mother's physique and lose weight. For example, take a walk with your baby on your back for 30 minutes several times a week, which is good for your health. Pay attention to two points when replenishing water: there is no need to be upset in order to absorb water, because the body will soon excrete excess water from the urine. On the other hand, if mother is very excited or busy, she won't realize that she is thirsty and forget to drink water. Therefore, it is best to drink water 15 minutes before each feeding.
There are two requirements for the nutrition of lactating mothers: one is to provide material basis and conditions for normal breastfeeding; The other is to meet the needs of restoring maternal health. Breast-feeding mothers should have a comprehensive diet and stay away from drinks such as tobacco, alcohol, coffee and cola. In addition, the diet of lactating mothers should be nutritious and not too greasy. Too much fat in breast milk is not conducive to the baby's digestion and absorption. Nannies with different physical conditions and qualities must supplement protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals according to their actual conditions. Nannies need more protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals than ordinary women, but it is not unlimited. Pay attention to the following points in diet: eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; Eat coarse grains properly to avoid partial eclipse; Avoid spicy and warm foods, such as leeks, garlic, peppers, peppers, etc. Don't eat cold and hard food, so as not to damage the gastrointestinal tract and teeth.
Generally, babies can be weaned at 8- 10 months, but
When is weaning good?
With the growth of children, the nutrition provided by breast milk can no longer meet the needs of children's growth and development. Generally, it can be weaned in 9 ~ 12 months. In areas lacking dairy products or other milk substitutes, weaning can be appropriately delayed to about 1.5 years old.
However, there is no hard and fast rule about the age of weaning. If the mother has more milk, it can be fed for a longer time, and the weaning is generally around 1 year. There is little breast milk, but children are willing to eat milk or other foods at the same time, or they can eat more for a while. If breast milk is low and children are unwilling to eat dairy products and other foods, they should be weaned earlier, up to 6 months in advance.
(1) Step by step, natural transition. The time and manner of weaning depend on many factors. Every mother and baby have different feelings about weaning, and the way of choice varies from person to person.
Fast weaning: If you are fully prepared, you and your baby can adapt, and the time for weaning is ripe, so you can quickly cut off your baby's breast milk. Especially in the case of objective factors, if the mother must travel for a period of time, it is likely that she will be completely weaned in a few days. If mother stops sucking milk after work, the milk will be cut off soon during the day.
Step by step weaning: If the baby relies heavily on breast milk, fast weaning may make the baby uncomfortable. If you attach great importance to breastfeeding and have time to accompany your baby every day, you may feel lost when you wean suddenly, so you can adopt the method of gradual weaning. Breastfeeding is reduced from 6 times a day to 5 times a day, and then gradually reduced until the mother and baby get used to it.
(2) Eat less breast milk and eat more milk. When you start weaning, you can give your baby some formula milk every day, or you can drink fresh whole milk. It should be noted that the baby should be encouraged to drink more milk, but as long as he wants to eat breast milk, the mother should not refuse him.
(3) Weaning before going to bed and at night. Most babies have the habit of feeding at midnight and before going to bed at night. Babies are active during the day, so it is easier not to feed them. I'm afraid the hardest thing to break is feeding before bed and in the middle of the night. You can wean at night and then before going to bed. At this time, you need the active cooperation of your father or family. When the baby is sleeping, the father or family can coax the baby to sleep instead, and the mother can avoid it for a while. If the baby can't see his mother, he will definitely cry at first, but he won't want to sleep after a little coaxing. When you are weaned, you will toss for a few days until the baby is not so noisy every time. Until one day, the baby will lie down before going to bed, without much trouble, and will not wake up in the middle of the night. Well, congratulations, the first battle of weaning was successful.
(4) To reduce dependence on mother, the role of father can not be ignored. Before weaning, we should consciously reduce the time for mothers to accompany their babies, increase the time for fathers to take care of their babies, and give them a psychological adaptation process. In the first stage of weaning, the baby will stick to its mother. At this time, dad can play with the baby more. The baby may be dissatisfied at first, but then he gets used to it. Let the baby know that dad will take care of him as well, and mom will definitely come back. Trust in dad will reduce the baby's dependence on mom.
(5) Cultivate children's good behavior habits. Before and after weaning, because of psychological guilt, mothers tend to indulge their babies and give them whatever they want, regardless of whether the baby's requirements are reasonable or not. But you should know that the more indulgent you are, the bigger your baby's temper will be. Before and after weaning, it is necessary for the mother to hug and caress the baby more, but don't give in to the baby's unreasonable demands easily. You can't form the baby's bad habits because of weaning. At this time, the father's reason is needed to balance the mother's emotional feelings. When the baby cries, the father will come forward to coordinate, and the baby will be easier to listen to.
Note: the baby's bad eating habits during weaning are caused by improper weaning methods, not the baby's fault. During weaning, the baby should learn to drink water and juice from a cup and eat with a small spoon, which can exercise the baby's ability to live independently.
Infant's diet after weaning
● Weaning and complementary food addition are carried out in parallel. It is not because of weaning that you started to eat complementary food, but because you have eaten complementary food well before weaning, so the addition of complementary food has not changed significantly before and after weaning, and weaning should not affect the normal addition of complementary food for your baby.
● What does the baby drink after weaning? As usual, in addition to giving the baby milk during the day, you can also give the baby a small amount of diluted fresh juice and 1: 1 boiled water. If you are weaned before the age of one, you should drink infant formula. After one year old, the amount of breast milk will gradually decrease, and the amount of milk will gradually increase, but the total amount per day will remain basically the same (children from one to two years old should drink about 600 ml per day).
● What does the baby eat after weaning? One-year-old baby's diet arrangement throughout the day: five meals a day, three meals in the morning, noon and evening, and two snacks, emphasizing balanced diet and thick and thin collocation, rice flour and meat, based on the principle of breaking soft and rotten. Completely weaned (breast milk), the diet is mostly fixed three meals in the morning, noon and evening, and the transition from porridge to thick porridge and soft rice, from minced meat to minced meat, from mashed vegetables to minced meat. When the baby is almost one year old, he can train himself to eat and must be weaned (breast milk). If you continue to breastfeed your child, the child may not drink milk, have a bad appetite and have problems in all aspects of nutrition. But at the same time, we should add complementary food to our baby step by step, from less to more, from thin to thick, from fine to thick, and we are used to adding one after another. Wait until the child is healthy, the digestive function is normal, and the reaction is suspended for two days before resuming. The 8-month-old baby must gradually adapt to the transition from milk to food, and I believe the baby will adapt.
After weaning and feeding, babies need about 1 100 ~ 1200 kilocalories every day, which is 35 ~ 40 grams in protein, which is relatively high. Infants and young children are not suitable for eating solid food because of their poor digestive function. On the basis of the original complementary food, gradually increase new varieties, gradually change liquid and semi-liquid diets into solid foods, and give priority to soft and digestible foods. In view of this, the diet of infants and young children can include dairy products, cereals and so on. When cooking, the food should be chopped and burned, but it can be boiled, stewed, burned and steamed. It is not advisable to fry and use irritating ingredients.
Infants can't eat all cereal after weaning, and it is impossible to eat with adults. The staple food should be thick porridge, rotten rice, noodles, wonton, steamed stuffed bun and so on. Non-staple food can include fish, lean meat, liver, eggs, shrimp skin, bean products and various vegetables. The staple food is rice and flour, and it needs about100g every day, which gradually increases with age; Bean products are about 25 grams a day, mainly tofu and dried beans; One egg per day 1 egg, steamed, stewed, boiled and fried; Meat and fish 50 ~ 75g per day, gradually increasing to100g; Soymilk or milk, 500ml per day, gradually reduced to 250ml after 1 year; Fruit can be supplied appropriately according to the specific situation.
After weaning, babies usually eat 4-5 meals a day, which are divided into breakfast, lunch and dinner, before noon and after noon. Breakfast should be of good quality and lunch should be light. For example, milk or soybean milk, eggs or meat buns can be served for breakfast; Chinese food can be rotten rice, fish and vegetables, plus egg and shrimp skin soup; Eat lean meat, chopped vegetable noodles, etc. Have dinner; Give some fruits before noon, such as bananas, apples and pears. Cookies and sugar water are provided in the afternoon. Daily recipes should be refreshed in rotation as far as possible, paying attention to the collocation of meat and vegetables and avoiding the same meal. In addition, cooking techniques and methods will also affect the baby's eating habits and appetite. If the color, fragrance and taste are complete, it can promote the appetite of infants, increase food intake and strengthen digestion and absorption functions.
● Eat nutritious, soft and digestible food. One-year-old baby's chewing ability and digestive ability are very weak, and eating rough food is not easy to digest, which easily leads to diarrhea. So, give the baby some soft and rotten food. Generally speaking, the staple food can be soft rice, rotten noodles, rice porridge, small wonton and so on. Non-staple food can be minced meat, chopped vegetables and egg soup. It is worth mentioning that milk is an essential food for babies every day after weaning, because it is not only easy to digest, but also rich in nutrients, which can provide all kinds of nutrients needed for baby's physical development. Avoid eating irritating food. The newly weaned baby can't adapt to irritating food in taste, and its digestive tract is also difficult to adapt to irritating food. Therefore, it is not advisable to eat spicy food.
It is not advisable to wean your baby in summer.
The transition from breastfeeding to weaning means that the baby's gastrointestinal tract has to accommodate many unaccustomed foods. In order to make the baby adapt to this change, in addition to his own health, strength and good digestion, external conditions are also very important, such as climate.
In summer, the weather is getting hotter and hotter, mosquitoes bite, babies often can't eat well and sleep well, and their mood is naturally bad. There is more water loss in the body, which is prone to diarrhea, cold, dehydration and other diseases. Antibodies in breast milk can improve children's disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of diseases. If weaned, the child's stomach is difficult to adapt immediately, but it is easy to cause diarrhea or malnutrition because of poor absorption. In addition, when weaning, most children will cry, and when the weather is hot, they will get prickly heat, and their emotions will be more exciting. Therefore, summer is not the best season to wean children.
Weaning is best done in spring and autumn when the climate is suitable. In a more comfortable temperature and environment, the baby can easily adapt to the changes brought about by weaning, and will not suffer from indigestion because of eating new food. It will be relatively easy to get through this physical and psychological transition period. When weaning, it is necessary to extend the interval of breastfeeding and gradually add complementary food to let the child wean naturally, so as not to break it at once, so as not to make the child feel uncomfortable. Let children practice using bottles before weaning, and gradually adapt to and accept the taste of milk powder.