Dayuhai, also known as Qingshui Lake, is located in Hararsheng, now Bell Lake, in the territory of Nuer Tuotu in the Ming Dynasty. 1September 387, yongchang Hou was sent to attack Beiyuan as a general. In April of the following year, the soldiers arrived in Qingzhou (now northwest of Bahrain Right Banner in Inner Mongolia). When they heard that the master of Yuan was fishing in the sea, they hid the flag and went all the way, but the Yuan army didn't know. After the army arrived, Yuan Taiwei Man Zi hastily refused to fight and was killed. Timur Timur rode away with Tianbao slave, the prince and dozens of others. The Ming army won the second place to protect slaves. The late Prince Bi Li Tufei and the princess had more than 20 people, including 3,000 officials, 70,000 sergeants, 50,000 horses, cows and camels, as well as precious seals, books and gold and silver seals.
Name: The Battle of Sea Fishing.
Location: Yuhai (now Bell Lake).
Time: March of the 21st year of Hongwu (A.D. 1388).
Participants: Meng Yuan and Ming Dynasty.
Result: The Ming Dynasty won.
Strength of participants: about 1.5 million in Ming Dynasty; Mongolian yuan is about 65438+ ten thousand.
Casualties: Mengyuan lost more than 65,438+10,000 people; The loss of the Ming dynasty can be ignored.
Main commanders: Aquamarine, Taiwei Man Zi.
Main roles: Xu Da, Tanghe, Zhu Yuanzhang and Judy.
Historical background
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, although the Mongols lost their rule over the Central Plains, they still had great influence in the northern grassland areas. Many parts of the country, such as Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, are still in the hands of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, which has always been a major threat to the Ming Dynasty. In the fourth year of Hongwu, Aquamarine cut Shu from Fu Youde and Kemian. Five years from Xu Da to the north, first out of the wild goose gate, defeated Yuan soldiers in the chaotic mountains, and then defeated the river. In seven years, he was a handsome soldier, and he won fifty-nine people, including Li's Lord protector. Eleven years with Pinghou Xi for the western expedition, captured three ambassadors under his chief, and gained thousands of people. Next year, when the teacher comes back, he will seal the post of Yongchang, eat 2,500 stones and give the world coupons. In the autumn of the fourteenth year of Hongwu, Mu Ying built the Kunming Zhongyi Square, and Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Fu Youde as the general of Zhengnan, Aquamarine as the left vice president and Mu Ying as the right vice president. He rode 300,000 troops to Yunnan, and all the barbarians surrendered, and Yunnan was leveled. Mu Ying, Aquamarine and Fu Youde will gather in Yunnan to jointly announce the good news and make preparations for the aftermath. After reading Mu Yinggong's book, Ming Taizu ordered Mu to keep Yunnan. Since then, aquamarine has also been favored by Ming Taizu. In March of the sixteenth year of Hongwu, he called Nanshi back, and Mu Ying stayed in Yunnan. In the twenty years of Hongwu, Yuan Taiwei left Naha, occupied several golden mountains and invaded Liaodong repeatedly. Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Sheng Feng as the general, Fu Youde and Aquamarine as the left and right deputy generals, and led two hundred thousand Northern Expeditions. The Ming army succeeded in the "Battle of Jinshan" and surrendered to Naha, the general of the Yuan Army. However, after the decline of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, several Mongolian separatist regimes appeared in the former Yuan Dynasty, and Nabachu was only one of them. Naha's surrender to the Ming Dynasty can only be said to be the surrender of the Ming Dynasty to one of the most powerful Mongolian separatist regimes, which relieved the threat to the Ming Dynasty, but it does not mean that all Mongolian ministries surrendered to the Ming Dynasty.
Battle route
In this case, Ming Taizu appointed aquamarine as a general to conquer the next major goal, that is, to get rid of Guti Moore. He thinks that "clearing the desert is a waste of time", so he asks Aquamarine not to lose the opportunity and must succeed. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (A.D. 1388), in March, Aquamarine led a division of 150,000 to the north, and in April, he came to Fishing Erhai Lake (now near Lake Baikal). On the other hand, in the Northern Yuan Dynasty, after Ai Yu learned that Li Dala had left Helin, he died in the eleventh year of Hongwu (A.D. 1378), leaving behind ancient thoughts and clinging to Moore's throne. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (A.D. 1388), Togus timur led a nomadic army to the Gurkha River, Bel Lake and Krulen River, and was hit by the Ming army. According to the Records of Ming Taizu, the small court of Mengyuan (that is, Khan Er), headed by timur of Tuogu Temple, was completely annihilated in the "Fisherman Sea". The so-called "fishing sea" is now Lake Bell. When Genghis Khan, the founding emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, enfeoffed his relatives according to the tradition of Mongolian nomadic aristocrats, he gave the Uighur River in Lu Wu and other places (equivalent to the present area of Wuzhumuqin Banner) to the descendants of the same mother and brother Ha Chiwen, and the adjacent fishing sea should also be the sphere of influence of the descendants of Ha Chiwen. The process of getting rid of ancient thoughts and sticking to wood is recorded in detail in A Record of Ming Taizu. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (AD 1388), in March, "General Yongchang Hou led a division of 150,000 and entered Gyeongju from arrogance. When he heard that Lu's main business was to get rid of the past and stick to Moore in the fishing sea, he came from the sea of fire, from dawn to fishing, drinking horses in Hainan, only to find that Lu's main business was more than 80 miles northeast of the sea. Jade takes Bi (that is, Dingyuan Hou) as the pioneer and takes advantage of its camp. At the beginning, Lu said that our army lacked water and grass, could not go deep, had no equipment, was windy and dusty, and it was dark. I didn't know that our trip was related to Lu. The master is going north, and all the chariots and horses are going north. Suddenly, the army came. Man Zi, its captain, led the army to refuse to fight, defeated them, killed thousands of Man Zi and his sergeant, and they all surrendered. Lu Zhu took off his ancient thoughts and stuck to Muir, his son Tianbao slave, and Zhiyuan dared not come, and the Prime Minister lost his door. Jade led the fine horse to chase it, and returned it for more than a thousand miles. Sixty-four people, including Bao Nu, the second son, and fifty-nine people, including the late Prince Belitu (referring to Li Dala's beloved general), Princess and Princess. Zhan Shiyuan knew that Tuo would flee because of sticking Muir, lose his horse and hide in the deep grass to catch him. In addition, 2,990 people including Dole, Dali Ma and Pingzhang Balan were captured, and 77,337 non-commissioned officers were arrested. 49 pieces of Baoyin/KLOC-0 were obtained, 3,390 pieces of propaganda notes, 3 pieces of gold seal 1 piece and 3 pieces of silver seal were obtained. There are 47,000 horses, 4,844 camels, 102,452 cattle and sheep, and more than 3,000 chariots. Gather the soldiers and burn them. " [39] More than ten days later, "Yongchang Hou broke the camp of General Hara Zhangying and won 15,833 sergeants and more than 48,150 horses and donkeys".
War result
In the battle of sea fishing, Mongolian Yuan lost about100000 people. However, the losses of the Ming army were minimal. It is said that "it doesn't take an inch of soldiers to get its effect." The Mongols who survived the five-year forest war in Hongwu mainly included the army of Halazhang and the army originally belonging to Moore, all of which participated in the fishing war in Hongwu for 21 years. Although it escaped extinction in the forest, it finally survived at the end of fishing. First of all, the troops of Man Zi and Harizhang directly under the small court of Mengyuan have been undertaking the task of defending the small court of Mengyuan. The Record of Ming Taizu records in detail the process of their downfall in the fishing sea together with the Mengyuan small court. Secondly, there are troops expanding corridors and sticking to wood. After the battle with Lin, Moore expanded the gallery and moved to "Jinshan" with love for Nidal. Naturally, Muir Army should join hands with Nidal Army when it expands the gallery. According to the Record of Ming Taizu, Moore, who expanded the gallery, "died in the court of Chunnahai" in August of the eighth year of Hongwu. Later, in the fishing battle of Hongwu for twenty-one years, the Ming army captured Meng Yuan's "Zhan Shiyuan's Tongzhi timur", who was the younger brother of Langchang timur. After this war, there is no record about the expansion of timur's original army in various historical materials. It can be seen that the army of Langkai timur, including Langkai timur, suffered a devastating blow from the Ming army in Yuhai. It is worth mentioning that the Ming army also captured Duoer, the king of Wu in the Yuan Dynasty, alive, and Duoer was only a descendant of Genghis Khan's mother and brother Ha Chiwen. He was captured in the hereditary fief, which meant the end of the Eight Banners Wenhan State that Genghis Khan personally enfeoffed. Timur, the Lord of the Yuan Dynasty, and his son Tianbao slave were killed by the descendants of Ali Buge, but Zhiyuan, who fled with timur, did not dare to come, and Liemen, the Prime Minister, surrendered to the Ming Dynasty that year. Since Zheng Zheng's 28th year (A.D. 1368), Yuan Shundi led officials and subordinates to flee the Yuan Dynasty, this small court headed by Yuan Di fought fiercely in Shangdu, Yingchang, Helin and Yu 'erhai, and has basically collapsed. The news of victory reached the capital, and Ming Taizu was very happy. He sent an envoy to the army. In the imperial edict, aquamarine was named Wei Qing and Li Jing, and in Jin Dynasty, aquamarine was named Liang Guogong.
Historical significance
The battle of Erhai Lake was the greatest failure of the nobles in the Northern Yuan Dynasty. After the death of Teemo in ancient times, Mongolia began to fall into continuous infighting. Although there were several reunifications during this period, it never posed a subversive threat to the Ming Dynasty.
Related figures
Blue rain
Aquamarine, a fellow villager of Zhu Yuanzhang, is the brother-in-law of Chang Yuchun, the king of Kaiping. In his early years, he worked under Chang Yuchun's account and was brave and invincible in the face of the enemy. Chang Yuchun appreciated it very much and praised it in front of Zhu Yuanzhang for many times, so Zhu Yuanzhang promoted aquamarine from Guanjun Town to Dadufu. In April of the fourth year of Hongwu, Chang Yuchun was conferred the title of Crown Princess, and Aquamarine became the uncle of Prince Zhu Biao. This political marriage shows that Zhu Yuanzhang intends to win over heroes through marriage, so that the hero group will continue to be an important pillar of imperial power. Judging from the historical data, although this aquamarine has made outstanding achievements, his death is not so sympathetic. The reason is that this man's greed and Zhu Yuanzhang are between 50 paces and 100 paces. The history books say that Aquamarine, "Zhuang Nu is full of fake children and many animals, and it is full of violence. Occupy Dongchang Tian Min, the history of the emperor was asked and the history of the emperor was chased. " Moreover, during the election campaign, he also privately occupied the concubine of the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, which was also a rebellious act. After returning from the Northern Expedition, Aquamarine returned to the customs. It's getting late and the city gate is closed. The guard can't open the door without an order. Aquamarine opened the door without authorization and went in. When he went to Xifan, he managed to escape the bandits and caught the rebels of Jianchangwei. He thinks he has made greater contributions and gained more prestige. He thought that he would get a great reward after returning to Korea. He thought he would make himself the surname of the prince, but he didn't expect it to be the surname of the prince. Instead, Sheng Feng and Fu Youde were appointed as the surnames of the Prince. Teachers are not as good as teachers. Aquamarine was very angry and shouted at the sleeve, "Can't I be the teacher of the prince yet?" His dissatisfaction and complaints made Zhu Yuanzhang even more unhappy. Why didn't Zhu Yuanzhang, who was good at suspicion and killing, kill aquamarine at this time? In addition, the kings at that time needed experienced generals to assist the common princes. Aquamarine was closely related to the prince, and the crown prince who had been in politics for many years was fully capable of controlling Aquamarine. Although aquamarine relies on merit, it is still controlled by the captaincy and cannot specialize in itself. In short, even if aquamarine wants to rebel, the prince can use the power of the king to balance aquamarine. Therefore, Ming Taizu's warning to heroes such as Aquamarine is mainly in the form of iron watches and imperial edicts, such as samurai imperial edicts, samurai imperial edicts, and warrior instructions. I hope they will turn over a new leaf and serve the Crown Prince better in the future. Unexpectedly, the prince died young, and Mao's desire to control aquamarine through the prince was shattered. If the prince had not died young, aquamarine would not have been killed. But the prince died, and Mao was afraid that it would be difficult for his grandson to control the civil and military officials in the future. For the sake of imperial power, at the instigation of the prince, he decided to eradicate some arrogant heroes, and Aquamarine was the first to bear the brunt.
Wang bi
Wang Bi, a native of Linhuai, Anhui Province, went on an expedition to Yunnan with Fu Youde and Mu Ying in 138 1. He also fought side by side with Shengfeng in the 1387 war, prompting Naha to surrender. 1388, when aquamarine entered the fishing sea brilliantly, Wang Bi was his vanguard. His daughter married Zhu Zhen, the king of Chu (1364—1424); The king of Chu went to Wuchang to return home 138 1.